Crystal HRP was applied to the cut ends of the left infraorbital nerve and branches of the facial nerve of 34 adult mice. Then the animals were killed and perfused, and HRP solution was applied to the cut ends of the root of the right facial nerve and the right maxillary nerve. Frozen sections of the brain stem and the trigerminal ganglia were made and reacted with BDHC, TMB or DAB method for light and electrom microscopic examination.Under light microscopy, the neurons labeled when alive in the left trigerminal ganglion and the nucleus of the left facial nerve showed that more cell bodise but less nerve fibers were labeled. The reaction products with all the 3 methods in thess cells were granular. The neurons labeled after death in the right trigerminal ganglion and the nucleus of the right facial nerve showed that more fibers but less cell bodies were labeled. The reaction products in these cells were also granular with BDHC and TMB methods but diffuse with DAB method.Under electron microscopy, there were electron-dense positive products in all the cells labeled either when alive or after death. In those cells labeled when alive, the products were found in the round or oval secondary lysosomes or multive-sicular bodies, while in those labeled after death, they were mostly found on one side of vacuoles without membrane boundary. In the fibers labeled after death, many large or small positive granules were found in the axons and many minute positive granules in the myelin lamellae especially on their inner surface in contact with the axons.

Objective To investigate the value of laparoscopic treatment for post-laparoscopic cholecystectomy complications.Methods From October 1996 to October 2007,totally 754 patients suffering from gallbladder diseases underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy in our hospital;21 of them developed postoperative complications and received laparoscopic intra-abdominal exploration.Results By laparoscopy,bile leakage was diagnosed in 11 cases,intra-abdominal bleeding in 6,intraperitoneal fluid in 2,duodenal bulb perforation in 1,and obstructive jaundice in 1.The patients who developed obstructive jaundice was converted to open surgery because of hepatic duct transection.The other 20 cases underwent laparoscopic treatment.All the patients were followed up for a mean of 6 years(1 to 11),during which none of them had biliary complications.Conclusion Laparoscopic treatment is a microinvasive,safe and effective method for post-laparoscopic cholecystectomy complications.

Laser scanning confocal microscope is a kind of new analytical apparatus for molecular cell biology research.It has been used in many fields of biomedical research.Brief introduction of its function and feature is given in this article.Recent development is summarized in application of laser scanning confocal microscope for localization and quantification of tumor tissue and cell protein,observation of sub-cellular structure of tumor ceils,study on tumor related receptor,distribution of antitumor drug and mechanism of tumor multi-drug resistance.

Objective To explore the feasibility of applying laser scanning confocal microscopy to investigate the metastatic characteristic of tumor cells in vitro. Methods The confocal microscope combined with transwell assay was employed to observe the invasion and migration of the metastatic colon cancer ]ovo cells when stimulated by IL-8. Results The results show that the number of invasive lovo cells in the stimulated group was much higher than the unstimulated group (P<0.05). The migration way of lovo cells observed under the confocal microscopy was ameba like movement. These findings suggest that the metastatic ability of lovo cells stimulated by IL-8 was enhanced. Conclusion The metastatic characteristic of colon adenocarcinoma lovo cells is similar to the chemotactic movement of leukocytes.

Circadian rhythms describe biological phenomena that oscillate with an 24 hour cycle. These rhythms include blood pressure, body temperature, hormone level, the number of immune cells in blood, and the sleep-wake cycle. The aim is to introduce common genes between species that are responsible for determining the circadian behavior, especially some transcription factor s that serve to regulate many circadian rhythm genes. And the common molecular mechanism of biological clocks between fly and human will be in troduced.

Surgical operation is the most important method for the treatment of iatrogenic bile duct injury,and correct selection of the timing of surgical repair is a prerequisite for successful injury repair.This article elaborates on the timing of immediate repair of bile duct injury found during surgery and the timing of delayed repair of bile duct injury found after surgery and summarizes the timing and methods for delayed repair based on the location and manifestations of injuries (such as biliary obstruction,bile leakage,and injury in the choledocho-pancreatico-duodenal junction).It is pointed out that the pathological state of injury is the critical factor for deciding surgical timing.The overall tendency of the timing of repair is early repair,and delayed repair should be performed as early as possible within 2-4 weeks after effective control of inflammation.

Models of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism were prepared in Wistar rats by levothyroxine and tapazole respectively. The levels of blood glucose, insulin and glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) of hepatocytic membrane were higher in mild and severe hyperthyroid rats than those in control rats (P

Cholesterol is an essential nutrient for human body.Dietary cholesterol comes from animal sources,including eggs,pork and others.A number of epidemiological and experimental studies showed that too much intake of cholesterol or consumption of more than 1 egg per day would slightly elevate blood cholesterol level.Results of studies in different areas and populations suggested that there is a lack of sufficient evidence to support the association between cholesterol intakes or egg consumption and cardiovascular disease incidence or deaths.

Objective To investigate the risk factors for postoperative anastomotic leakage in geriatric patients with esophageal carcinoma and provide new insights into clinical prevention and treatment.Method The fifty-six patients with anastomotic fistula were chosen from 636 esophageal carcinoma patients who underwent esophagectomy in Department of Thoracic Surgery from January 2011 to January 2016.In the 56 patients,the ratio of male (39 cases) to female (17 cases) was 2.3 ∶ 1.0,with the age range of 60-81 years,average of (66.4±8.6) years.The retrospective analysis was performed for obtaining the risk factors for anastomotic leakage.Results Fifty six cases who suffered from anastomotic fistula showed 10 cases (17.9％)with hormone administration,17 cases (30.4％) with preoperative chemo-radiotherapy,32 cases (57.1％) with the basic diseases,27 (48.2％) with preoperative dystrophia.In addition to the old age and tumor,the other risk factors for anastomotic leakage included the hormone use,preoperative malnutrition,and preoperative chemoradiotherapy.Conclusion High attentions have to be paid to the prevention and treatment of anastomotic fistula patients with chronic diseases,hormone use,preoperative malnutrition and preoperative chemo-radiotherapy.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the application of sevoflurane combined with different dose of fentanyl in general anesthesia-inducing endotracheal intubation in adults. METHODS:60 selective patients were randomly divided into three groups(n=20). In haled 8% sevoflurane inductal anesthesia with tidal volume method. When the patients breathing and his own,and loss of eyelvaisah i .rve.f lTehxe, SgBroPu,p DⅠBwP earne dg iHvRen in2 e?agc?hk ggr-o1 ufpe nwtaenrye l dveitae cit.evd., agt rtoimupe Ⅱof 3lo s?sg-? okf-g -ey1 efleanstha nryelf lvexia ain.vd. baenfdo rger oinudpu Ⅲcti o4n ?agn?esktgh-e1s ifae(ntTan0)y,l before intubation(T1),at the moment of intubation(T2),at 1 min after intubation(T3),3 min after intubation(T4),5 min after intubation(T5)and 10 min after intubation(T6). RESULTS:Compared with at T0,SBP,DBP and HR in three groups were significantly decreased at T1(P0.05). SBP, fDeBntPa naynld i sH eRff einc tigvreo utop iⅢnd uwceer ea ndeescthreeassiae di nm aadrukletd elyn daot trTa(2chPe