Carotid artery atherosclerosis is a treatable and preventable cause of ischemic stroke.Increasing studies suggest that carotid plaque characteristics may be a superior means for predicting ipsilateral cerebrovascular events as compared with the degree of carotid artery stenosis.The major MRI features of vulnerable carotid plaques include large lipid-rich necrotic cores,intraplaque hemorrhage,plaque rupture,and calcification.This article reviews the major MRI features of vulnerable carotid plaques and their roles in predicting ipsilateral cerebrovascular events.

BACKGROUND:Tumor cels are resistant to chemotherapeutic drugs, and drug resistance is closely correlated with tumor stem cels. Therefore, how to kil tumor stem cels wil become the key to the treatment of oral squamous cel carcinoma. OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of 5-fluorouracil on biological characteristics of tongue squamous cel carcinoma Tca8113 cels. METHODS:Viability of Tca8113 cels treated with different concentrations of 5-fluorouracil was determined by cel counting kit-8, and the best drug concentration and time were screened for subsequent experiments. Tca8113 cels without 5-fluorouracil acted as control group. Then the cel cycle and percentage of the side population cels in Tca8113 cels were determined by flow cytometry. Scratch test was used to determine the migration ability of Tca8113 cels. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Results from cel counting kit-8 showed that 5-fluorouracil inhibited the viability of Tca8113 cels positively in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Tca8113 cels under intervention with 50 mg/L 5-fluorouracil for 48 hours showed lowest cel viability. Flow cytometry results showed that in the experimental group, G0/G1 phase cels increased significantly compared with the control group (P=0.01), S phase cels decreased significantly compared with the control group (P=0.244), and G2/M phase cels disappeared completely. After treatment with 5-fluorouracil, the percentage of side population cels was increased significantly (P=0.00). The scratch test showed that in the experimental group, the cels had better ability of wound healing than those in the control group. In conclusion, 5-fluorouracil can enrich the cancer stem cel population in Tca8113 cels.

OBJECTIVE In order to explore and control the risk factors of nosocomial infection in intracerebral hemorrhage.METHODS To study prospectively in 837 hospitalized patients with intracerebral hemorrhage in our hospital from Jan.1997 to June 1999. RESULTS It was showed 215 cases of the nosocomial infection were found among 837 cases with the intracerebral hemorrhage(25.8%).Among them,nosocomial lower respiratory tract infection was the highest(39.1%),the second one was the urinary tract(27.8%).Nosocomial infection was closely related with such factors as the aging,location and volume of intracerebral hematoma,disturbance of consciousness, smoking,blood sugar,invasive operation,antibiotic prophylaxis,bed-days.Whereas serum cholesterol was a protective factor.CONCLUSIONS Nosocomial infection was still a high frequent complication in intracerebral hemorrhage and it should be paid attention.This is the most important step to control nosocomial infection of intracerebral hemorrhage in the hospital.

Laparoscopic basic skills training is an inevitable requirement of minimally invasive surgery.Minimally invasive surgery department in the fourth affiliated hospitals of Harbin medical university launched lectures on basic theory and knowledge of laparoscopy,combined simulation training with surgery observation applied flexible teaching methods so that students can truly master the techniques of minimally invasive surgery.

In order to summarize the experience in physician recruitment and training process,an investigation was carried out on young physicians recruited from campus from 2007 to 2011.The results showed that the assessments of departments of the young physician's on theirs' medical ethics,professional values,theoretical knowledge,clinical competence and other aspects were higher.This indicated that these young physicians have higher overall quality.In addition,compared with the above-described abilities,the results also showed that the assessments on theirs' foreign language oral communication skills,research capacity,innovation capability,and so on,were lower.Therefore the hospital should continue to increase assessments to the candidates during the campus recruitment stage,and to develop targeted training plans so as to strengthen the ability of young physicians continually.

Objective To discuss clinical results of the treatment of op en tibio-fibula fractures with the intramedullary interlocking nails. Methods A group of 46 cases of open tibio-fibula fractures was collected and classified according to Gustilo classification. There were 12 cases of type Ⅰ, 9 cases of type Ⅱ, 16 cases of typeⅢA, 7 cases of type ⅢB, and 2 case of type ⅢC. All o perations were performed in the emergency operation room and all patients were f ixed with intramedullary interlocking nails. Results The follow-up of 8 months to 3 years (with an average of 20 months) showed satisfactory results, though th e local wounds needed skin flap transplantation in 6 cases and muscle flap trans plantation was performed in 1 case. Conclusion Open tibio-fibula fractures of t ype Ⅰ, type Ⅱ and type ⅢA can be treated with emergency debridement and the intramedullary interlocking nails, if the injury duration is short and the vital signs of the patients are stable.

Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors(ACEI) are generally used in the treatment of cardiovascular system diseases.They are found by epidemiological studies to have an anti-tumor activity and are shown to play various roles in suppressing carcinogenesis and tumor growth,preventing angiogenesis,inhibiting matrix degradation and reducing cancer cachexia.

Glioma is the most common tumor in craniocerebra l neoplasms． It is hard to deal with for every neurosurgery not the difficulty o f operation,but the poor outcome． Many efforts was made in this area include ne w drugs in chemotherapy; intratumoral radiation, stereostatic radioneurosurgery in neuroradiation, and the new strategy of operation direct to tumor． Local intratumoral implants carried by biodegradable polymer provide a new promising approach for more selective and less neurotoxic in chemotherapy． The polymer microsphere carried with carboplatin is much powerful to glioma in vitro and in vivo． The disadvantages of carboplatin during delivery systemically disappeared．

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Ear Canal ; Foreign Bodies ; therapy ; Humans ; Posture

P2 X7 receptor is a member of ATP-gated non-selective cation channels;and is one subtype family of the P2X purinergic receptor.Signaling pathways of P2X7 receptor couple with several key inflammatory molecules including IL-1β;IL-6 and COX-2;which suggests that P2 X7 receptor plays a key role in the development of dis-eases via increased inflammation;indicating its potential as a novel therapeutic target.Recent studies show that P2 X7 receptor has a relationship with renal diseases.This article reviews the effect of P2 X7 receptor on renal diseases and its mechanism.P2 X7 receptor may be a new drug target;and its selectivity antagonist may be a new therapeutic agent for the treatment of renal diseases.