Humans ; Spinal Cord Diseases ; therapy ; Spinal Diseases ; therapy

Purpose Progressive hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (PHICH) is often observed in clinical ward,but its prognosis is undetermined.This study is to investigate the duration and the risk factors of progressive hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage.Methods The diagnosis of PHICH was determined by comparing the first and second CT scans.Potential risk factors including the sex,age,location of hematoma,blood pressure,coagulopathy and the duration of admission to the first CT scan were analyzed.Results In a cohort 143 patients,the PHICH were found in 41 cases(28.7%)after the second scan,and among them,32 patients(22.4%)were necessary to perform craniotomy for evacuation of hematoma,most of the PHICH occurred within 24 hours after onset.Older age,thalamus bleeding,high systolic blood pressure within 6 hours,coagulapathy and shorter duration from admission to the first CT scan were the predictors associated with PHICH.Conclusion PHICH occurs in almost 1/4 of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage,predominantly in elder,thalamus bleeding,coagulapathy,high systolic blood pressure within 6 hours and shorter duration between onset and the first CT scan.CT examination within 24 hours after admission is crucial to reveal the exact condition of the patient.

The quorum sensing commonly exists in procaryote kingdom,regulating various biologic functions.Recently similar phenomenon was also found in fungi world,which affecting both biofilm formation and dimorphism.In this article,we focus on the recent progress on quorum sensing of pathogenic fungi and discuss the possibility of taking quorum sensing molecule as a potential target for antifungl therapy.

To investigate the application of seminar teaching on postgraduate education of ophthalmology,postgraduate from Grade 2008 to Grade 2010 were divided into experiment groups and control groups.Seminar teaching and conventional teaching were applied to two groups respectively.The performances of seminar teaching groups at each grade were better than the control groups ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Thus,seminar teaching can enhance theory and operation ability of postgraduate.

Objective To investigate the changes of serum angiopoietin-like protein 3 (Angptl3) and adiponectin levels in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) in order to understand their association with the MS. Methods Serum Angptl3 and adiponectin levels were measured by sandwich ELISA in a group of 111 patients with MS and 152 normal controls. Results Serum adiponectin was lower in the MS patients than in the control subjects [4.22(1.01-23.29) μg/mL vs. 5.41(0.97-22.27) μg/mL, P＜0.05]. With regard to serum Angptl3, there was no significant difference between the 2 groups(P＞0.05). Serum adiponectin was correlated to Angptl3 and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C)(P＜0.001) and negatively correlated to body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist to hip ratio (WHR), triglyceride (TG), fasting plasma glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS) and homeostatic model assessment method-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (P＜0.001). Serum Angptl3 was positively correlated with adiponectin (P＜0.001). Serum adiponectin was found to be independently positive determinant for Angptl3 concentrations (b′=0.256, P＜0.001). Adiponectin was inversely correlated with TG and HOMA-IR (b′=-0.234, -0.145, P＜0.001). Conclusion Adiponectin is decreased in MS patients and may be correlated to Angptl3.

Objective To investigate the effect of ultrasound-guided transverses abdominis plane (TAP)block on the efficacy of postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy. Methods Sixty ASA Ⅰ - Ⅱ patients scheduled for abdominal hysterectomy under general anesthesia were randomly divided into 2groups (n = 30 each): ropivacaine group (group R) and normal saline (group NS). After induction of anesthesia,ultrasound-guided bilateral TAP block was performed, and 0.375% ropivacaine 40 ml was injected in group R,while the equal volume of normal saline was used instead in group NS. The patients received patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) with sufentanil after operation. The VAS score was maintained ≤ 3, the level of sedation was evaluated with Ramsay sedation score, and the comfort level was evaluated with Bruggrmann comfort scale (BCS) score at 2, 6, 8, 12 and 24 h after operation. The hemodynamic parameters were recorded. The consumption of sufentanil during operation and within 24 h after operation, the number of successfully delivered doses ( D1 )and the number of attempts ( D2 ) within 24 h after operation were recorded. D1/D2 was calculated. The adverse reactions were also recorded. Results SP, DP, HR, SpO2 and RR were in the normal range and there was no significant differences between the two groups ( P ＞ 0.05). The consumption of sufentanil were significantly lower,while the BCS score and D1/D2 higher in group R than in group NS (P ＜ 0.05). There were no adverse reactions in both groups. Conclusion Ultrasound-guided TAP block reduces the perioperative sufentanil consumption and enhances the efficacy of postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy.

Objective To clarify the quorum sensing and identify the quorum sensing molecular of Cryptococcus neoformans. Methods The growth of Cryptococcus neoformans TUP1 △ strain at different inoculum size was observed. The culture filtrate of high cell density TUP1△ strain was collected and plated on medium with low density TUP1△ cell, and the growth of low cell density TUP1△ was recorded. Finally, the active molecule in culture filtrate was purified and identified.Results The growth of Cryptococcus neoformans TUP1△ strain was density dependent and the colony could be normally formed only above a specific density. The filtrate from a high cell density TUP1△culture could promote the growth of low cell density TUP1△, and the active molecule in this culture filtrate was identified to be an oligopeptide composed of 11 amino acids pepride, named quorum sensing peptide 1(QSP1). QSP1 was artificially synthesized, which could also promote the colony forming of TUP1△ strain inoculated at low cell density. Conclusion Quorum sensing exists in Cryptococcus neoformans, and the quorum sensing molecular is QSP1.

Objective To determine the risk factors for development of succinylcholine-induced postoperative myalgia.Methods One hundred and fifty-five patients,aged 18-64 yr,of ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,with body mass index of 20-30 kg/m2,scheduled for elective craniofacial surgery,were included in the study.Total intravenous anesthesia with propofol or combined intravenous-inhalational anesthesia with sevoflurane was performed during surgery.The patients were divided into 2 groups according to whether or not myalgia occurred within 24.h after surgery:myalgia group and non-myalgia group.Factors including gender,age,body weight,duration of surgery,method of anesthesia,dose of succinylcholine,preinjection of lidocaine or nondepolarizing muscular relaxants during induction of anesthesia,use of hormone (dexamethasone or methylprednisolone) and nonsteroidal analgesics (parecoxib sodium) during surgery,and consumption of fentanyl were recorded.The risk factors of which P values were less than 0.05 would enter the multivariate logistic regression analysis to stratify the risk factors for development of succinylcholine-induced postoperative myalgia.Results Forty-one patients developed postoperative myalgia,and the incidence of myalgia was 27.2％.The results of logistic analysis indicated that succinylcholine ＜ 1.5 mg/kg and no preinjection of lidocaine were closely correlated with the development of postoperative myalgia induced by succinylcholine.Conclusion Succinylcholine＜1.5 mg/kg and no preinjection of lidocaine are the risk factors for development of succinylcholine-induced postoperative myalgia in the patients.

Objective To explore the correlations of expressions of gastric mucosa water channel aquaporin AQP3 and AQP4 and different gastritis types. Methods The gastric mucosa was mounted under gastroscope. The types of gastric mucosa pathology and activity were tested by the common pathohistology. The expressions of AQP3 and AQP4 were determined by immunohistology. Results The expressions of AQP3 and AQP4 of chronic superficial gastritis were significantly higher than those in the non-gastritis group and chronic atrophic gastritis group (P < 0.01), especially in the activity period of chronic superficial gastritis. The expressions of AQP3 and AQP4 of chronic atrophic gastritis group were reduced when compared to those in the non-gastritis group, in spite of no statistical differences between them. While compared to the non-gastritis group , the expression of AQP3 of chronic atrophic gastritis group during the active stage was remarkably decreased (P < 0.05). Conclusion The expressions of AQP3 and AQP4 of gastric mucosa in chronic gastritis in various pathological types are different. AQP3 and AQP4 may be the targeted point , which could be used for the differential diagnosis and treatment of chronic gastritis of different pathological types.

Objective To evaluate the effect of labor analgesia on the development of postpartum depression.Methods Seventy nulliparous parturients who were at full term with a singleton fetus in vertex presentation,aged 20-35 yr,with body mass index＜27 kg/m2,at 38-41 weeks of gestation,of ASA physical status Ⅰ,were enrolled and divided into 2 groups (n =35 each) using a random number table:vaginal delivery group (group VD) and labor analgesia group (group LA).In LA group,the epidural catheter was placed at L2,3 interspace for combined spinal-epidural analgesia when their cervical dilations were in 2-3 cm.VAS score was maintained below 3 after the analgesia.Parturients completed Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale questionnaires 42 days after the labor.The development of depression was recorded.Results The incidence of postnatal depression was significantly lower in LA group (17％) than in VD group (40％).Conclusion Labor analgesia can decrease the development of postpartum depression.