Objective To investigate the effect of ? 3-adrenoceptors(? 3-AR) on rat detrusor instability(DI) secondary to bladder outflow obstruction(BOO). Methods Animal models of DI were made in 15 female Wister rats.The filling cystometry was conducted after 6 weeks,and the rats were divided into DI group and detrusor stabitily (DS) group based on the detrusor function. The effects of ? 3-AR agonist BRL37344A on the frequency of contraction and relaxation response to isolated detrusor were examined by means of the in vitro detrusor strip study.And the expression of ? 3-AR subtypes mRNA was investigated in rat detrusor muscle by RT-PCR. Results The occurrence rate of DI was 67%(10/15).BRL37344A could inhibit the contraction frequence and amplitude of the isolated detrusor which was concentration-dependent.The intensity did differ significantly between normal controls or DS group and DI group.The relative contents of ? 3-adrenoceptor mRNA in DI group,controls and DS group were 10.27?3.54,19.84?2.62 and 18.38?1.95.There was a significant decrease in the concentration of ? 3-adrenoceptors in DI group compared with controls and DS group( P

Objective To examine the characteristics of affective intensity and cognitive emotion regulation in subjects with borderline personality disorder ( BPD) . Methods The BPD subscale of personal-ity disorder questionnaire( PDQ-4+) was used to assess the BPD symptoms,the short affective intensity scale (SAIS) and cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire (CERQ) were used to measure affect intensity and cognitive emotion regulation strategy,respectively. 765 subjects with BPD and 776 healthy controls were se-lected. The independent-samples t test was used to analyze the differences between BPD group and controls and logistic regression analysis was used to examine the related factors affecting the BPD. Results Com-pared with the control group(negative intensity:(3.08±0.66),negative coping dimension:(37.20±5.94), BPD group got higher scores in negative intensity((3.88±0.74), t=22.29, P<0.01,Cohen''s d>0.8)and negative coping dimension((44.77±6.36), t=24.16, P<0.01,Cohen''s d>0.8). The logistic regression anal-ysis showed that negative intensity(B=1.38,Exp(B)=3.97,95%CI for EXP(B):3.15~5.00, P<0.01) and negative cognitive regulations strategy(B=0.19,Exp(B)=1.21,95% CI:1.18-1.25, P<0.01) could affect the prevalence of BPD. Conclusion Subjects with BPD traits have more significant negative affective inten-sity and tend to use negative cognitive regulations strategy.

Microcephaly is a common pediatric neurodevelopmental disorder with complex etiology. In recent years, with the development of brain organoid technology, there has been rapid progress in understanding the pathogenesis and treatment strategies of microcephaly using this technology. This article elucidates the advantages of brain organoids over traditional experimental models, reviews the research progress of brain organoid technology in disease modeling and drug screening for various causes of microcephaly, and discusses the limitations and future prospects of brain organoids.

Objective:To explore the compatibility and medication law of Cinnamomi Ramulus-Alismatis Rhizoma medicinal pair in ancient and modern prescriptions.Methods:Ancient prescriptions and Chinese patent medicines containing Cinnamomi Ramulus-Alismatis Rhizoma medicinal pair were retrieved from the database of ancient classic famous prescriptions 1.0 and the database of listed Chinese patent medicines 1.0 developed by the Institute of Information on Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences. Excel 2019 was used to establish a database. The ancient and modern medical record cloud platform V2.3.5 and SPSS Modeler 18.0 software were used to perform frequency statistics, association rule analysis, clustering analysis, etc. on the data.Results:Totally 79 ancient articles with Cinnamomi Ramulus-Alismatis Rhizoma medicinal pair were obtained, including 76 ancient prescriptions, involving 250 kinds of Chinese materia medica; 25 kinds of Chinese patent medicine were obtained, involving 186 kinds of Chinese materia medica. The drug properties of ancient prescriptions and modern TCM patent medicines were both mainly warm, cold and neutral. The main tastes of ancient prescriptions and modern Chinese patent medicines were pungent, sweet and bitter. And the drugs mainly belong to spleen, lung, liver and kidney meridians. Correlation analysis suggested the same high-frequency association compatibility of ancient and modern prescriptions, Poria-Cinnamomi Ramulus-Alismatis Rhizoma, Atractylodis Rhizoma-Cinnamomi Ramulus-Alismatis Rhizoma, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma-Cinnamomi Ramulus-Alismatis Rhizoma. Both clinical symptoms and diseases associated with medicinal compatibility of ancient prescriptions were intestinal flora, edema and vomiting. The syndrome types included bladder impoundment, dampness trapped in the guardian surface, internal retention of phlegm and morbid fluid. The clinical symptoms associated with medicinal compatibility of modern TCM patent medicine were limb joints pain and edema. The diseases included rheumatic arthritis (RA) and kidney disease. The syndrome types included wind-cold-dampness RA, stagnation of collaterals and kidney yang deficiency. High frequency drug clustering yielded 4 clustered squares.Conclusion:The core indications treated by Cinnamomi Ramulus-Alismatis Rhizoma are exogenous diseases with dampness caused by syndrome types including internal storage of water-dampness, cold-dampness obstruction and so on, which can provide reference for further in-depth research and guidance on clinical medication.

Cinnamomi Ramulus and Alismatis Rhizoma are commonly used in the treatment of external-contraction diseases. Cinnamomi Ramulus is pungent， sweet， and warm， with the effects of ventilating lung and dispersing cold， warming Yang and transforming Qi， and promoting water and liquid flow from Taiyang meridian to remove dampness. Alismatis Rhizoma is sweet and cold， with the effects of draining dampness and promoting urination， regulating the waterway， removing water retention in lung， and promoting urination to remove dampness and heat. Herbal pairs are extracted from the accumulated experience of medical practitioners over the ages in the use of medicines and have been proved by clinical application to be composed of simple and effective combinations for specific diseases. The herb pair Cinnamomi Ramulus-Alismatis Rhizoma is an important part in ancient classic formulas such as Wulingsan. Both herbs play a role in draining dampness and promoting urination， warming Yang and transforming Qi， being a representative herb pair used for treating external-contraction exterior syndrome and water retention inside. The review of ancient medical publications revealed that there were a large number of compound formulas containing Cinnamomi Ramulus-Alismatis Rhizoma for dispersing cold and removing dampness， which were widely used for thousands of years in clinical practice. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that the active pharmacological components of Cinnamomi Ramulus （cinnamaldehyde and cinnamic acid） and Alismatis Rhizoma （alisol A and 23-acetate alisol B） have anti-inflammatory， antiviral， and immunoregulatory effects and high safety. Qingfei Paidu decoction containing this herbal pair played an important role in fighting against COVID-19. Despite the extensive pharmacological studies on Cinnamomi Ramulus and Alismatis Rhizoma， few studies have been carried out regarding this herb pair. This paper summarizes the traditional Chinese medicine knowledge about Cinnamomi Ramulus and Alismatis Rhizoma in the treatment of external-contraction diseases and summarizes the chemical composition， pharmacological effects， toxicology and other aspects of the two herbs before and after compatibility， aiming to provide a reference for further research and clinical application.

Myopia is becoming more and more common all over the world, and the incidence of myopia is gradually increasing. Many treatments have been used to prevent and control myopia, including optics, drugs, environment or behavior, but the results are different and lack standardization. At present, many experiments have proved that peripheral defocus technology has a certain effect on myopia control. Based on this technology, three kinds of framed eyeglass lenses with peripheral defocus design, namely defocus incorporated multiple segments(DIMS), highly aspherical lenslets(HAL)and cylindrical annular reactive elements(CARE), are commonly used in medical and optometry institutions in China. These lenses provide not only clear vision in the central area, but also a certain amount of myopic defocus in the periphery to control the progression of myopia. This paper aims to focus on the design principle and myopia prevention and control effect of the above three peripheral defocus lenses, and evaluate their effectiveness in clinical practice.