After a literature review of the HPMC capsules, the research status of the HPMC capsules in vivo and in vitro are summarized, including the application status, the superiority over hard gelatin capsules and in particularly the disintegration release in vitro and bioavailability in vivo, as well as pharmacokinetics difference compared with conventional gelatine capsules, are explored in depth. Finally, the future applications of HPMC capsules are prospected.

Objective To understand the academic atmosphere current situation of graduate students and put forward relevant countermeasures to protect the academic integrity of graduate students.Methods The graduate student'scientific ethics and academic atmosphere construction situation of graduate students in 10 colleges and universities in Chongqing were investigated by questionnaire survey and analyzed.Results Through 1555 questionnaires,it was found that the average investment of time on scientific research in gruduate students was insufficient,the motivation of learning was complicated,and the situation of preventing academic misconduct was serious.Conclusion This study suggests that colleges and universities should establish an academic integrity security system for graduate students,including establishment of academic integrity system and specializing academic integrity supervision institutions,and strengthing academic integrity education.

ObjectlveTo evaluate the role of cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2 receptor) in microglial injury induced by glutamate.MethodsMicroglia cells were randomly divided into 4 grups:control group (group C),microglial injury group ( group Ⅰ),specific CB2 receptor agonist AM 1241 group ( group AM1241 ) and specific CB2 receptor antagonist AM630 group (group AM630).In group C,the cells were cultured routinely for 26 h.In group Ⅰ,the cells were incubated in the culture medium containing glutamate 10 mmol/L for 24 h.In group AM1241,the cells were incubated in the culture medium containing AM1241 2 μmol/L for 2 h,and then in the culture medium containing glutamate 10 mmol/L for 24 h.In group AM630,the cells were incubated in the culture medium containing AM630 2 μmol/L for 2 h,and then in the culture medium containing glutamate 10 mmol/L for 24 h.The cell viability and release of LDH were measured.Microglial morphology was observed under microscope.Results Compared with group C,the cell viability was significantly decreased,and the release of LDH was significantly increased in groups Ⅰ,AM1241 and AM630 (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group Ⅰ,the cell viability was significantly increased,and the release of LDH was significantly decreased in group AM1241 ( P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the cell viability and the release of LDH between groups 1 and AM630 ( P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Glutamate induces microglial injury through inhibiting the function of CB2 receptor.

Objective: To investigate sexual behavior and related factors among middle school students in Chengdu,and to provide a reference for improving the content and the way of their sexual health education. Methods: Stratified cluster sampling was used to select 935 students from 11 schools in Chengdu. A self-designed questionnaire was implemented to estimate sexual behavior and related factors. Results: Thirty-six (3.9%) students reported sexual behavior during the past year. The difference between boys (5.6%) and girls (1.7%) was of statistical significance(χ2=9.79，P<0.01). 77.8% (28/36) of all the participants reported first sexual contact experience, 2.4% (22/935) reported homosexual behavior. Five out of 935 students had experienced unplanned pregnancy, four of them chose to have an abortion. Multivariate Logistic regression showed that masturbation experience, talking about sex-related things with friends, asking for help from friends when in sex-related troubles positively with higher risk of sextual behavior(OR=6.67,0.30,0.28,P<0.05). Conclusion There are multiple types of unsafe sexual behavior among middle school students in Chengdu. Strategies including positive behavior support, peer education, sustainable environment and youth-friend services are essential for health education in the future.

Objective To study expression and prognostic value of Shugoshin-1(SGOL1)in lung adenocarcinoma by bioinformatics method.Methods Expression profile data and clinical data of lung adenocarcinoma and normal tissues were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database,and expression difference and clinical correlation analysis of SGOL1 were performed.R package"pROC"was used to plot receiver operator characteristic(ROC)curves to evaluate accuracy of SGOL1 expression in predicting clinical diagnosis in lung adenocarcinoma patients.Effects of SGOL1 expression on prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma patients were evaluated by R package"survival","survminer"and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis.By searching Tumor Immune Single-Cell Hub and TIMER2.0 databases,expression distribution of SGOL1 in lung adenocarcinoma and its relationship with immune cell infiltration were analyzed,functional enrichment analysis of SGOL1 and its co-expression was performed by using LinkedOmics database.Search tool for the retrieval of interaction gene/proteins was used to construct a protein-protein interaction network for SGOL1.Results Compared with normal tissues,expression level of SGOL1 in tumor tissues was significantly upregulated(P<0.001).Compared with paracancer tissues,expression level of SGOL1 in tumor tissues was significantly upregulated(P<0.001).In different clinical and pathological stages of lung adenocarcinoma,compared with stage Ⅰ,expression levels of SGOL1 in stages Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ were significantly higher(P<0.05).ROC curve showed that SGOL1 had a good diagnostic efficiency in lung adenocarcinom patients,with area under the curve of 0.959(95%CI:0.942-0.975).Overall survival,disease specific survival,disease-free survival and progression free interval of high expression group of SGOL1 were significantly shorter than those of low expression group of SGOL1(P<0.05).Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that clinical stage(HR=1.629,P<0.001)and SGOL1 expression level(HR=1.447,P=0.002)were associated with poor prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma patients.It can be used as an independent risk factor for the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma patients.Expression level of SGOL1 was negatively correlated with infiltration level of B cells,CD4+T cells and dendritic cells(P<0.05).Expression level of SGOL1 was positively correlated with infiltration level of macrophages,CD8+T cells and neutrophils(P<0.05).Enrichment analysis showed that SGOL1 may play role in mitosis,cell cycle,p53 signaling pathway and amino acid metabolism pathways.Analysis of protein-protein interaction network suggests that SGOL1 was closely related to multiple molecules such as CBX1,PPP2CA,PPP2R5C,CDCA8,ESPL1,PPP2R1A,BUB1,PPP2R5A,SGO2,CDC20,etc.Conclusion SGOL1 is highly expressed in lung adenocarcinoma tissues,and it is associated with poorer prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma patients.SGOL1 can be used as one of prognostic biomarkers for lung adenocarcinoma patients.

Objective:To establish a prediction model using the random forest (RF) and support vector machine (SVM) algorithms to achieve the numerical and classification predictions of the gamma passing rate (GPR) for volumetric arc intensity modulation (VMAT) validation.Methods:A total of 258 patients who received VMAT radiotherapy in the 1 st Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from April 2019 to August 2020 were retrospectively selected for patient-specific QA measurements, including 38 patients who received VMAT radiotherapy for head and neck, and 220 patients who received VMAT radiotherapy for chest and abdomen. Thirteen complexity parameters were extracted from the patient′s VMAT plans and the GPRs for VMAT validation under the analysis criteria of 3%/3 mm and 2%/2 mm were collected. The patients were randomly divided into a training cohort (70%) and a validation cohort (30%) , and the complexity parameters for the numerical and classification predictions were screened using the RF and minimum redundancy maximum correlation (mRMR) method, respectively. Complexity models and mixed models were established using PTV volume, subfield width, and smoothness factors based on the RF and SVM algorithms individually. The prediction performance of the established models was analyzed and compared. Results:For the validation cohort, the GPR numerical prediction errors of the complexity models based on RF and SVM under the two analysis criteria are as follows. The root-mean-square errors (RMSEs) under the analysis criterion of 3%/3 mm were 1.788% and 1.753%, respectively; the RMSEs under the analysis criterion of 2%/2 mm were 5.895% and 5.444%, respectively; the mean absolute errors (MAEs) under the analysis criterion of 3%/3 mm were 1.415% and 1.334%, respectively, and the MAEs under the analysis criteria of 2%/2 mm were 4.644% and 4.255%, respectively. For the validation cohort, the GPR numerical prediction errors of the mixed models based on RF and SVM under the two analysis criteria were as follows. The RMSEs under the analysis criterion of 3%/3 mm were 1.760% and 1.815%, respectively; the RMSEs under the analysis criterion of 2%/2 mm were 5.693% and 5.590%, respectively; the MAEs under the analysis criterion of 3%/3 mm were 1.386% and 1.319%, respectively, and the MAEs under the analysis criteria of 2%/2 mm were 4.523% and 4.310, respectively. For the validation cohort, the AUC result of the GPR classification prediction of the complexity models based on RF and SVM were 0.790 and 0.793, respectively under the analysis criterion of 3%/3 mm and were 0.763 and 0.754, respectively under the analysis criterion of 2%/2 mm. For the validation cohort, the AUC result of the GPR classification prediction of the mixed models based on RF and SVM were 0.806 and 0.859, respectively under the analysis criterion of 3%/3 mm and were 0.796 and 0.796, respectively under the analysis criterion of 2%/2 mm cohort.Conclusions:Complexity models and mixed models were developed based on the RF and SVM method. Both types of models allow for the numerical and classification predictions of the GPRs of VMAT radiotherapy plans under analysis criteria of 3%/3 mm and 2%/2 mm. The mixed models have higher prediction accuracy than the complexity models.

Objective:To investigate the changes and clinical significance of white blood cell (WBC) count and polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) proportion of synovial fluid after primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA).Methods:A total of 59 patients (92 knees) who underwent TKA from April 2021 to July 2021 were included, including 13 males (20 knees) and 46 females (72 knees). The patients were with average age 65.17±7.49 years old (range 48-79) and with body mass index (BMI) 27.64±3.74 kg/m 2 (range 17-36 kg/m 2). There were 26 cases involved lateral knee and 33 cases bilateral knees. The left knee was involved in 46 knees, while other 46 were involved in right side. There were 54 patients diagnosed as osteoarthritis (84 knees) and 5 as rheumatoid arthritis (8 knees). None of the patients received antibiotics after hospitalization. Antibiotics were used prophylactically 30 min before surgery and after surgery. The synovial fluid WBC count and PMN proportion were detected during operation (It reflects the normal preoperative level) and on the 2nd, 5th and 35th day after operation. The changes of these indexes were analyzed. The unmixed synovial fluid was collected after the incision of the joint capsule during the operation. The outer upper edge of the patella was taken as the puncture point to extract the synovial fluid on the 2nd, 5th and 35th days after the operation. The final follow-up end point was a diagnosis of acute periprothetic joint infection (PJI) or 90 days of follow-up for patients without PJI. Results:After operation, the synovial fluid WBC count and PMN proportion showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing. The synovial fluid WBC count were 0.222(0.100, 0.567)×10 9/L, 20.011(14.573, 29.129)×10 9/L, 6.080(3.676, 8.797)×10 9/L, 0.533(0.394, 0.749)×10 9/L before surgery and at 2nd, 5th and 35th day after surgery respectively. The difference before and after operation was statistically significant (χ 2=247.343, P<0.001). The synovial fluid PMN proportion were 19.9%(15.0%, 30.0%), 96.0%(95.0%, 97.0%), 91.0%(89.0%, 93.0%) and 20.5%(15.6%, 26.9%) respectively and with significant difference (χ 2=242.521, P<0.001). Pairwise comparison of synovial fluid WBC count and PMN proportion before and on day 35 indicated no statistical significance ( P>0.05). However, the differences compared with that at other time points were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The synovial fluid WBC count and PMN proportion increased rapidly in the short term after TKA and then decreased to the preoperative level at varied rates. Referring to the Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS) recommended threshold for diagnosing infection during the acute stress period (within 5 d postoperatively) can result in false positives. Recovery to preoperative levels at 35th days postoperatively can be used as a basis for ruling out early infection. Thus, early joint fluid PMN proportion may have more diagnostic value than WBC counts.

Objective To evaluate the application effect of a novel hemodialysis catheter fixing strap in clinical hemodialysis.Methods A total of 199 hemodialysis patients from the Second Affili-ated Hospital of Anhui Medical University between May and July 2023 were enrolled in this study.Employing the self-controlled study design,patients were initially fixed with conventional adhesive tape(fixation method A)for their dialysis tubing from May 20 to June 20,2023.Subsequently,from June 21 to July 21,2023,patients were transitioned to a novel hemodialysis catheter fixing belt(fixa-tion method B)for the fixation of their dialysis tube.The incidence of puncture needle,central ve-nous catheter displacement,the stability of fixation,and the satisfaction levels of nurses and patients were compared between the two fixation methods.Results The rate of puncture needle/central ve-nous catheter displacement with method B was significantly lower than that with method A(P＜0.001).No statistically significant difference was observed in the puncture needle/central venous catheter displacement between the two methods(P＞0.05).The stability of fixation with method B was significantly higher than that with method A(P＜0.001).Patients'satisfaction with fixation method B(in favor of mobility and comfort)was significantly higher than that with fixation method A(P＜0.001);similarly,nurses'satisfaction with fixation method B(in favor of cleaning and convenient operation)was markedly superior to that with fixation method A(P＜0.001).Conclusion Compared with the traditional adhesive tape fixation method,the novel hemodialysis catheter securing strap effectively secures the catheter with improved safety and significantly enhances the satisfaction of both nurses and patients.

Objective To evaluate the application effect of a novel hemodialysis catheter fixing strap in clinical hemodialysis.Methods A total of 199 hemodialysis patients from the Second Affili-ated Hospital of Anhui Medical University between May and July 2023 were enrolled in this study.Employing the self-controlled study design,patients were initially fixed with conventional adhesive tape(fixation method A)for their dialysis tubing from May 20 to June 20,2023.Subsequently,from June 21 to July 21,2023,patients were transitioned to a novel hemodialysis catheter fixing belt(fixa-tion method B)for the fixation of their dialysis tube.The incidence of puncture needle,central ve-nous catheter displacement,the stability of fixation,and the satisfaction levels of nurses and patients were compared between the two fixation methods.Results The rate of puncture needle/central ve-nous catheter displacement with method B was significantly lower than that with method A(P＜0.001).No statistically significant difference was observed in the puncture needle/central venous catheter displacement between the two methods(P＞0.05).The stability of fixation with method B was significantly higher than that with method A(P＜0.001).Patients'satisfaction with fixation method B(in favor of mobility and comfort)was significantly higher than that with fixation method A(P＜0.001);similarly,nurses'satisfaction with fixation method B(in favor of cleaning and convenient operation)was markedly superior to that with fixation method A(P＜0.001).Conclusion Compared with the traditional adhesive tape fixation method,the novel hemodialysis catheter securing strap effectively secures the catheter with improved safety and significantly enhances the satisfaction of both nurses and patients.

Blue space is an important place for physical activity and provides physical and mental health benefits to residents. However, little is known about the mechanism of association between blue space and physical activity. Based on China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Web of Science Core Collection, the Chinese and English literature on the correlation between blue space and physical activity were selected and analyzed. The research field has the following characteristics so far: there are few studies on blue space in inland cities, developing countries, and vulnerable populations, and it is an emerging research field. Most included studies demonstrate positive effects of blue space exposure on physical activity, while studies conducted in different populations demonstrate population differences. The combination of multi-source data and multidisciplinary approaches should be an important foundation of this research field. Based on this, a research framework was proposed in this paper to analyze the complex association between them from a perspective of multi-dimensional characteristics, and blue physical activity was modeled as ecosystem services to explore the relationship between blue space and physical activity from a perspective of ecosystem service supply-demand and flow.