N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) is a kind of organic compound which is widely used in the modern industry. With the increasing utilization of DMF year by year, the interest in the research of DMF toxicity has increased dramatically. The data of animal experiments and epidemiological investigations show that DMF has harmful effect on reproductive function of human and animals. The effect of DMF on the reproductive function of animal and occupational crowd were reviewed in this paper, the research perspective was also presented.

Objective To investigate the effect of thrombospondin 1(TSP-1) on the cell proliferation of cultured rat pulmonary artery smooth cell (PASMCs) in vitro .Methods Rat PASMCs were cultured in vitro ,and treated with different concentrations (10-12 、10-11 、10-10 mol/L) of TSP-1 for 12 ,24 ,48 h .The cell proliferation was quantified by MTT assay .The cell cycle of PASMCs was measured by flow cytometric(FCM) analysis .Results MTT assay showed that TSP-1 promoted the proliferation of PASMCs significantly ,and the effect was concentration-dependent and time-dependent .FCM analysis indicated that TSP-1 increased the percentage of S phase .The percentage of S phase of PASMCs were increased after treated with thrombospondin-1 for 12 h , slight down after 24 h ,while reached a maximal level at 48 h .Conclusion The TSP-1 promotes rat PASMCs proliferation in a con-centration-dependent and time-dependent manner .

Objective To evaluate carotid endarterectomy for patients with atherosclerotic occlusive diseases. Method Surgical experience of endarterectomy in 32 patients with atherosclerotic occlusive diseases was retrospectively analyzed. Internal carotid artery stem pressure was measured during operation. Shunting was used routinely. Patching was used electively. Anti-platelet agents and agents reducing plasma fibrinogen were given perioperatively. Result There was no perioperative mortality, nor ischemic cerebral stroke. Patients were followed-up from 5 months to 20 months with no occurrence of ischemic cerebral stroke during the follow-up. One case presented dysfunction of hypoglossal nerve. Two cases presented dilation of carotid artery on ultrasound scan. There were no restenosis (≥50%) and thrombosis. Conclusion Carotid endarterectomy for patients with atherosclerotic occlusive diseases of carotid artery is effective and safe. Careful performance, shunting, patching and the correct order of clamps removing are the keys of preventing complications.

Objective To construct the recombinant adenovirus vector carrying rat vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) as preparation for later use for genetic transfection.Methods Rat VEGF was obtained by using RT-PCR amplification and then cloned into the shutter plasmid pDC316.Subsequently,this newly constructed plasmid pDC316-VEGF,after identification by nuclease digestion analysis and sequencing analysis,was transfected into human embryonic kidney cells HEK293 by lipofectamine 2000 mediation,together with adenovirus-packaging plasmid pBHGE3.Based on the homologous recombination of the two plasmids within HEK293 cells,the recombinant adenovirus vector carrying VEGF,VDC316-VEGF,was created.VDC316-VEGF was subsequently identified using PCR,purified using repeated plaque passages,proliferated using freezing and melting within HEK293 cells,and titrated using 50% Tissue Culture Infective Dose(TCID50) assay.Results The newly constructed recombinant adenovirus was confirmed carrying rat VEGF by PCR,and its titration value determined based on TCID50 assay was 3?109pfu/ml.Conclusions The recombinant adenovirus carrying rat VEGF was successfully constructed.The newly constructed adenovirus can produce a sufficiently high titration value within HEK293 cells,providing a reliable tool for genetic transfection in further gene therapy researches.

ObjectiveTo evaluate endovascular repair(EVAR) of penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer (PAU) of the thoracic aorta.MethodsThere were 12 cases of PAU treated at our department. All the cases had severe acute thoracic pain. Computer tomography angiography (CTA) showed well outlined ulcer in 12 cases, intramural hematoma in 8 cases. EVARs were done under general anaesthesia and 12 stent grafts were used. Two cases received by-pass procedure ahead of EVARs because of main branches involved.Patients were followed up with CTA from 12 months to 4 years( median 36 months).ResultsA total of 12 stent grafts were implanted to 12 patients.The average diameter of stent graft was ( 35.7 ± 2. 5 ) mm(32-40 mm) , length was ( 163 ± 19) mm ( 152-202 mm). There was a very small internal leakage in one case with large size ulcer after implantation of stent graft, other ulcers were excluded completely. Primary technical success rate was 100％. There were no perioperative death and severe complications. All cases were free from symptoms after operation and alive during follow-up. CTA showed satisfactory results without internal leakage.The small leakage in the case disappeared within 3 months.ConclusionsBeing miniinvasive and effective, EVAR is the choice of therapy for symptomatic PAU.

Objective:To find the possible mechanisms of endovascular radiation in the prevention of restenosis in rabbits following carotid endarterectomy and to observe the dose effect relationship.Methods:Twenty four rabbits were randomly divided into three groups following carotid endarterectomy (each n=8) and were allocated to receive a radiation dose of 0,10,20Gy( 32 P)respectively.Changes in the levels of plasma nitric oxide(NO) and endothelin 1(ET 1)were measured 3 day before operation and 3,7,14,28 day after operation.Results:The plasma NO was markedly increased and ET 1 was markedly decreased in endovascular radiation groups compared to control groups.The results were similar in the two groups(10Gy versus 20Gy).Conclusion:The endovascular radiation may inhibit smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration,and thus prevent restenosis by increasing NO and decreasing the level of ET 1.Changes of the levels of plasma NO and ET 1 is a practicable methods to detect the effect of therapy.

Background:Pyruvate kinase M2( PKM2 ),which is highly expressed in cancer cells,plays an important role in cancer cell growth and aerobic glycolysis and is a promising target for cancer therapy. Aims:To investigate the effect of silencing PKM2 by siRNA on proliferation,apoptosis,migration,invasion and glycolysis of gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 cells. Methods:SGC-7901 cells were divided into three groups:non-transfectd SGC-7901 cells,SGC-7901 cells transfected with empty plasmid and SCG-7901 cellls transfected with PKM2 siRNA. Expression of PKM2 was detected by fluorescent quantitative PCR and Western blotting at mRNA and protein levels. Intracellular expression and distribution of PKM2 was determined by immunofluorescence. CCK-8 assay,flow cytometry,migration and invasion experiment were used to assess cell proliferation,apoptosis,migration and invasion,respectively. Western blotting was used to determine the expression of glucose transporter-1( Glut-1)and lactate dehydrogenase A( LDHA). Spectrophotometry was used to detect levels of extracellular glucose and lactic acid and intracellular lactate dehydrogenase( LDH). Results:Compared with non-transfected group and negative control( empty plasmid )group,PKM2 mRNA and protein expressions were significantly decreased in PKM2 siRNA plasmid transfected group(P<0. 05). Intracellular expression of PKM2 was markedly decreased in PKM2 siRNA cells. After transfected with PKM2 siRNA plasmid,cell proliferation,migration and invasion were significantly inhibited,and cell apoptosis was increased significantly( P<0. 05 ). Expressions of Glut-1 and LDHA were down-regulated in PKM2 silenced cells( P <0. 05 ). Glucose uptake,lactic acid production and LDH activities were significantly decreased in PKM2 silenced cells(P<0. 05). Conclusions:RNA interference targeting PKM2 gene inhibits PKM2 expression in human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line SGC-7901 cells,thereby inhibits cell proliferation and glycolysis.

Objective To summarize the clinical features of the pancreaticopleural fistula (PPF) in children in order to improve the understanding of PPF and to make early diagnosis and treatment of the disease.Methods Five cases of pediatric PPF in Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from December 2007 to March 2014 were studied by retrospective analysis.The clinical features, laboratory results, image characteristics, treatment and prognosis were reviewed.Results Five cases of PPF were diagnosed aged between 2 years to 10 years and 5 months old, history from more than 1 month to 6 months.The main symptoms were chest tightness (3 cases), chest pain (3 cases) , fever(3 cases) , wheeze (1 case) , dyspnea (1 case).Only 1 case was with abdominal pain and abdominal distension when he was admitted to hospital.All patients had massive pleural effusions, included right side (3 cases),left side(1 case) ,bilateral sides(1 case), 1 case complicated with massive ascites.Pleural fluid amylase of all the cases was significantly elevated (＞ 1 000 U/L) ,the highest was more than 50 000 U/L.Four cases had positive findings of pancreas by transabdominal ultrasound.Five cases had morphological changes in pancreas by magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP).Four cases had PPF and pancreatic pseudocysts respectively.Conservative treatment was given to 5 cases, but further 3 cases reveived stent insertion by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopanereatography, and 2 cases reveived surgical therapy.Conclusions PPF is rare in children, the main clinical feature is massive pleural effusion with respiratory symptoms.Pleural fluid amylase would be significantly elevated.The diagnosis of PPF generally relies on imaging, MRCP is considered the imaging study of choice for PPF due to its superiority in identifying a fistula in the pancreatic region and its noninvasiveness as compared to endoscopic retrograde cholangio pancreatography.Endoscopic and surgical therapy can be used if internal therapy is not satisfactory.

Objective To investigate the effect of Buyang Huanwu Decoction on blood-brain barrier of focal cerebral ischemia rats, and explore the mechanism of the decoction. Methods The model of focal cerebral ischemia was made by thread embolism method. SD rats were divided randomly into sham-operated group, model group and Buyang Huanwu Decoction group. Buyang Huanwu Decoction group was given Buyang Huanwu Decoction by gavage, the sham-operated group and model group were given normal saline of the same quantity 24 h after modeling. The nervous function deficit scores was evaluated, brain tissues and serum were taken from the rats after treating for seven days, infarct volume was detected by TTC staining, and pathological changes of microvessel were observed microscopically in HE stained sections. And the protein level of MMP-9, MMP-2, VEGF in brain tissue and the serum levels of vWF in serum of every groups were measured by ELISA. Results Compared with model group, Buyang Huanwu Decoction significantly improved the neurological behavior performance, decreased the cerebral infarct volume, alleviated the pathological changes and decreased the protein level of MMP-9, MMP-2, VEGF, vWF. Conclusion Buyang Huanwu Decoction has the protective effect on blood-brain barrier in the model rats of focal cerebral ischemia. The mechanism may be related with restrainning the expression of MMP-9, MMP-2, VEGF, vWF.

Objective To discuss the nursing care for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who are receiving transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with sorafenib. Methods A total of 23 consecutive patients with advanced HCC who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in this study. TACE was carried out in all patients. Three-five days after TACE the patients started to orally take sorafenib. During the treatment course, the patients were kept under close observation for adverse reactions and complications. After leaving the hospital the patients were followed up by the extended care team members, and health education as well as appropriate nursing intervention was carried out. Results All patients with advanced HCC took sorafenib orally after TACE. The major adverse events and complications were gastrointestinal adverse reactions (n = 22) and transient liver dysfunction (n = 23). After leaving the hospital all the patients received regular follow- up examination and extended nursing care. Conclusion Usually, the incidence of adverse reactions is higher in patients with advanced HCC after TACE combined with sorafenib treatment. Careful in-hospital observation and extended out-hospital nursing can reduce the incidence of adverse reactions and thus improve the patient’s quality of life.