Objective To evaluate carotid endarterectomy for patients with atherosclerotic occlusive diseases. Method Surgical experience of endarterectomy in 32 patients with atherosclerotic occlusive diseases was retrospectively analyzed. Internal carotid artery stem pressure was measured during operation. Shunting was used routinely. Patching was used electively. Anti-platelet agents and agents reducing plasma fibrinogen were given perioperatively. Result There was no perioperative mortality, nor ischemic cerebral stroke. Patients were followed-up from 5 months to 20 months with no occurrence of ischemic cerebral stroke during the follow-up. One case presented dysfunction of hypoglossal nerve. Two cases presented dilation of carotid artery on ultrasound scan. There were no restenosis (≥50%) and thrombosis. Conclusion Carotid endarterectomy for patients with atherosclerotic occlusive diseases of carotid artery is effective and safe. Careful performance, shunting, patching and the correct order of clamps removing are the keys of preventing complications.

Objective To explore the diagnosis and management of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm(RAAA).Methods Twelve patients with RAAA treated in past 7 years were revienled retrospectively.The main clinical manifestations were abdominal pain and / or back pain,low blood pressure or shock,and pulsating abdominal mass.All cases were accurately diagnosed with CT and 7 were treated by conventional operation,one by EVAR,and the other 4 did not receive surgical treatment.Results Perioperative death occurred in 5 cases(mortality rate was 62.5%) in 8 surgical treated patients,including circulatory failure in 2 cases,renal failure in 1 case,and multiple organ failure in 2 cases.All the 4 patients treated with nonoperative method were dead.Conclusions Surgical operation in RAAA cases still carried a high mortality.Early dignosis,appropriate resuscitation,urgent surgical repair,reduction of operative time,and infrarenal clamping are measures conducive to lowering the mortality rate of RAAA.EVAR has the potential to reduce the mortality rate from RAAA.

Objective To observe the effects of different compatibility ratios of Astragali Radix and Angelicae Sinensis Radix on vascular intimal hyperplasia; To ascertain the effective compatibility of Astragali Radix and Angelicae Sinensis Radix for antagonizing vascular intimal hyperplasia. Methods SD rats were divided into different groups by baseline geometric design method: Astragali Radix and Angelicae Sinensis Radix different compatibility ratios groups, Astragali Radix group, Angelicae Sinensis Radixgroup, positive medicinegroup and sham-operation group. A model of intimal hyperplasia of thoracoabdominal aorta was established by balloon catheter injury in vascular endothelium of rats. Then the thoracoabdominal aorta was taken out after gavage of Astragali Radix and Angelicae Sinensis Radix with different compatibility ratios for 14 days. Bloodletting was used to take thoracoabdominal aorta. Masson staining and Morphometric methods were used to analyze the intimal hyperplasia. Results IA, IT, HRIA and HRIT increased 14 day after intimal injury. Compared with the model group, IA, IT, HRIA and HRIT in Angelicae Sinensis Radix group, Astragali Radix and Angelicae Sinensis Radix 1:2 group, Astragali Radix and Angelicae Sinensis Radix 1:5 group, Astragali Radix and Angelicae Sinensis Radix 1:1 group and Astragali Radix and Angelicae Sinensis Radix 5:1 group were lower, and the effects of Astragali Radix and Angelicae Sinensis Radix 1:1 ratio were strongest. The effects on intimal hyperplasia in Astragali Radix group and Astragali Radix and Angelicae Sinensis 2:1 group had no significant differences compared with model group. Conclusion Astragali Radix and Angelicae Sinensis can inhibit vascular intimal hyperplasia in a certain compatibility ratios, and the effects of Astragali Radix and Angelicae Sinensis Radix 1:1 on intimal hyperplasia are the best.

Aim To investigate the effects of Naotai formula extract(NTE)on the expression of heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) and hephaestin(Heph) in hippocampus of rats after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion by Keap1-Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway.Methods Eighty rats were randomly divided into five groups as follows: sham operation group(Sham), cerebral ischemia/reperfusion group(I/R), low dose group of NTE(4.5 g·kg-1), middle dose group of NTE (9 g·kg-1) and high dose group of NTE(18 g·kg-1).Rats were pretreated by intragastric administration for three consecutive days, and then subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) 2 hours before reperfusion.The rats were administered with intragastric administration for two days.After cerebral ischemia reperfusion 72 hours, the behavioral activity of rats was recorded by Zea Longa neurological score, and the infarct volume was measured by TTC staining.The expressions of Nrf2, HO-1 and Heph in hippocampus of cerebral ischemia reperfusion rats were observed by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot, respectively.Results Compared with model group, the neurobehavioral scores significantly decreased in NTE high-dose and middle-dose groups (P<0.01);the infarct volume of NTE groups markedly decreased (P<0.01);the expression of HO-1 mRNA apparently increased (P<0.05) in NTE groups;the expression of Heph mRNA significantly increased in NTE middle-dose and high-dose groups (P<0.05);the expression of Nrf2 and Heph protein evidently increased in the NTE middle and high dose groups (P<0.05, P<0.01);and the expression of HO-1 protein also increased in NTE groups(P<0.01).Conclusions Naotai formula can relieve cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.The mechanism might be associated with activating Keap1-Nrf2/ARE signaling pathways, promoting HO-1 generation, advancing the expression of Heph, and then reducing brain iron deposition, to achieve the protection of neurons after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion.

Objective To express human HT036 protein in Escherichia coli(E.coli.)and identify it.Methods The cDNA sequence obtained by PCR was cloned into the prokaryotic expression plasmid pET30a(+).The target protein was expressed in E.coli..induced by IPTG and analyzed by Western blotting.Results The interest gene was identified by restriction endonucleases digestion and DNA sequencing.The protein was highly expressed in E.coli..Conclusion We successfully expressed the HT036 protein.

Objective To explore the interaction between HT036(hypothetical protein HT036)and P311 by co-immunoprecipitation.Methods HA-tagged fusion protein(HA-HT036)expression vector was constructed,identified and transfected into human embryo kidney 293(HEK293)cells alone or with Myc-tagged fusion protein(Myc-P311)expression vector pCMV-Myc-p311.The interaction between P311 and HT036 was detected by co-immunoprecipitation.Results Double restriction enzyme digestion showed that pCMV-HA-HT036 was constructed correctly.When Myc-P311 was immunoprecipitated by anti-Myc antibody,HA-HT036 was identified by Western blotting with anti-HA antibody from immunoprecipitated complex.Conclusion The recombinant vector pCMV-HA-HT036 was constructed successfully.The interaction between HT036 and P311 could be identified by co-immunoprecipitation after co-expression of pCMV-HA-HT036 and pCMV-Myc-p311.The result provides an important basis for further study of the intracellular signal transduction of P311.

Objective Using gradient-echo sampling of spin-echo (GESSE) sequence to study the change of oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) in patients with unilateral cerebral vessel stenosis and the relationship between OEF and cerebral blood flow (CBF). Methods Eight normal volunteers and 16 patients with unilateral cerebral vessel stenosis were enrolled in this study. Written informed consents were obtained from all subjects. Routine MRI, GESSE and arterial spin labeling (ASL) sequences were performed for all patients. Raw data from GESSE and VE-ASL sequences were transferred to PC to conduct postprocessing. To obtain quantitative OEF and CBF of the brain parenchyma, 6 ROIs were placed respectively in the anterior, middle and posterior part of both hemispheres. The relative CBF (rCBF) was defined as the ratio of CBF of ischemic hemisphere to that of contralateral hemisphere. T test was used for statistics. Results The mean value and normal range of OEF in the volunteers were 0. 318 ± 0. 023 and 0. 272-0. 364, respectively. In the 16 patients with unilateral cerebral vessel stenosis, 8 patients had ROIs with greater OEF in unilateral hemisphere than those in contralateral hemisphere. These cases presented multiple intracranial main arterial stenoses in digital subtraction angiography (DSA) or MR angiography (MRA) examination. The other 8 patients had normal OEF in all ROIs. And they only had single arterial stenosis in DSA or MRA. Set rCBF = 0. 50 as a dividing point, the mean OEF value was 0. 397 ±0. 010 in the patients with rCBF ＜ 0. 50. In the patients with rCBF ≥ 0. 5, the mean OEF value was 0. 325 ±0. 028. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (t = - 8. 840, P = 0. 000).Conclusion Patients with chronic cerebral ischemia may present with various hemodynamic impairment.The more CBF decreases, the more OEF increases. Those with increased OEF tended to have more than one lesion in the major intracranial arteries.