AIM: To select the prescription of harmine hydrochloride cream and to study the anti-itching effect of harmine hydrochloride cream. METHODS: A comprehensive score system,including appearance,homogeneity,coating performance,viscosity,particle diameter,temperature-resistant test,and centrifugal effect were established as evaluative criteria. Then uniform design was used for selecting the prescription of harmine hydrochloride cream. The histamine phosphate and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) were used to induce mouse cutaneous pruritus. Then the anti-pruritic effect of harmine hydrochloride cream in contrast to Piyanping Ointment as control group. RESULTS: The optimized prescription was as follows: 8% of monostearin,5% of Vaseline,6. 1% of beeswax, 1. 1% of Span-60,1. 9% of Tween-80. The local application of harmine hydrochloride cream could alleviate the itching induced by histamine phosphate and 5-HT,respectively. And the anti-pruritic effect of harmine hydrochloride cream was stronger than the effect of the positive control group. CONCLUSION: The prescription of the harmine hydrochloride cream is available,reasonable,and reproducible. The harmine hydrochloride cream has the anti-pruritic effect.

AIM: To optimize the extraction and purification of water-soluble active ingredient of Ferula sinkiangensis.METHODS: First,the comprehensive scoring system was set up to reflect the change of the extraction rate and ferulic acid coutent.in combination with the uniform design.RESULTS: The optimized extracting process was as follows: adding 8 times water and extracting twice,every time lasting 2.5 h.The optimized centrifugation purificating process consisted of: concentration ratio (1 ∶ 3),35 minutes centrifugal time,4 000 r/min rotation speed.The optimized ZTC1 + l-Ⅱ clarificant purification process was as follows: concentration ratio was 1 ∶ 22,the content of pacificator was 22% ,purification time was 1 h.CONCLUSION: The optimized extraction is available,reasonable,and reproducible.The results of pharmacodynamic test show that centrifugation is suitable to the purification of extract liquid.

Objective To analyze the risk factors and pathogen distribution of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in patients following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).Methods The clinical data of 1414 patients undergoing CABG in Teda International Cardiovascular Hospital from June 2014 to June 2016 were retrospectively analyzed .The VAP developed following CABG in 42 patients ( VAP group ) and not occurred in 1372 patients ( non-VAP group) .Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of VAP in patients after CABG , and the microbial culture and drug sensitivity test were performed in VAP patients.Results The incidence rate of VAP after CABG was 2.97％ (42/1414).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that history of smoking ( OR =2.216, 95％ CI 1.018 -4.825, P <0.05), mechanical ventilation time >48 h (OR=7.457, 95％ CI 3.443-16.161, P<0.01), LVEF<40％(OR=3.524 , 95％ CI 1.203-10.325, P<0.05) and postoperative acute kidney injury (OR=16.239, 95％ CI 7.551 -34.924, P <0.01) were independent risk factors for VAP in patients after CABG.A total of 42 pathogen strains were detected in 42 patients with VAP, including 37 strains of Gram-negative bacteria, 2 strains of Gram-positive bacteria, and 3 strains of fungus.Gram-negative bacteria mainly were Klebsiella pneumoniae subspecies ( n =23, 54.76％) and Burkholderia cepacia ( n =6, 14.27％);the Gram-positive bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus ( n =2, 4.76％);the fungus was Candida albicans ( n =3, 7.14％).Klebsiella pneumoniae was sensitive to many antibiotics;and the resistance rate to amikacin , aztreonam , meropenem , and levofloxacin was <10％, the resistance rate to ceftazidime and piperacillin was <25％. Burkholderia cepacia was naturally resistant to amikacin , ampicillin, aztreonam, cefazolin, gentamicin and sulfamethoxazole .Conclusion The incidence of VAP was higher in patients after CABG , and the involved pathogens were mainly Gram-negative bacteria .Clinically , it is necessary to take necessary measures to prevent and treat VAP in order to improve the prognosis of patients undergoing CABG .