Objective To investigate the effects of myopia on first-order kernels six ring responses of multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG). Method We continuously selected 80 subjects aged from 13 to 20 year-old and divided four groups into normal, mild myopia, moderate myopia and high myopia. Each group had 20 subjects that were examined with mfERG of 103 stimuli locations. The amplitude and latency of N1, P1, N2 waveforms of six-ring first-kernel responses in mfERG were analyzed. Result With increasing of myopia degree, the response density of N1, P1, N2 waveforms of six-ring first-kernel responses in mfERG was decreased gradually (all P0.05). Conclusion Myopia can decrease the response density of first-order kernels six ring responses of mfERG, which is very important to determine the abnormality of mfERG in the clinic.

0.05). The percents of high to 35 ℃ and of low to 10 ℃ of day average temperatures did not possess significance. There were significant differences among the temperatures in spring, summer and autumn. As for the relative humidity and rainfall amount from 2000 to 2005, those in 2000 were the maximum and the former was significant(P

Objective: To investigate the short-term effects of ischemic preconditioning (IP) on left ventricular diastolic function in diabetic patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI). Methods: Totally 188 patients with first AMI were studied. Eighty-one patients without diabetes were divided into group A (with IP) and group B (without IP). The other 107 patients with diabetes were divided into group C (with IP) and group D (without IP).The effect of IP on peak creatine kinase value and left ventricular diastolic function were analyzed separately. Results: The peak creatine kinase value, the peak creatine kinase MB fractions and the incidence of E/A

Objective To explore the effect of early systemic phased exercise post mastectomy on the recovery of activities of daily living. Methods 100 patients who received modified radical mastectomy were assigned to the experimental group and control group with 50 patients in each group. They all accepted routine nursing, and the experimental group accepted early systemic phased exercise in addition. They were assessed with range of motion (ROM) of shoulder and modified Barthel Index (MBI). Results ROM of shoulder improved in 90% of the experimental group and 70% of the control group (P<0.05). MBI was (84.5±18.2) in the experimental group and (51.8±16.6) in control group (P<0.05) . Conclusion Early systemic phased exercises may promote the recovery of the affected arm for the patients post mastectomy.

Objective To make a systematic review of pressure ulcers risk factors in critically ill patients. Methods We systematically reviewed all articles related to the pressure ulcers risk factors in critically ill patients. The Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science Core Collection, CNKI, WANFANG and SinoMed were searched to August 2016. Results In total, 13 eligible articles were included. These studies included 18, 184 critically ill patients, six studies were classified as high quality, and seven were classified as moderate quality. Risk factors for the development of pressure ulcers include age, ICU stay, diabetes, mean arterial pressure<60-70 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), mechanical ventilation and mechanical ventilation, drugs, sedation and postural changes. Conclusions There is no single factor that can explain the occurrence of pressure ulcers. So it is in a variety of factors interaction, the occurrence of a significant increase in risk.

Objective:To investigate the effect of PLTP gene on CSE-induced IL-8 production in human bronchial epithelial cell line (HBECs). Methods:Wistar rats were exposed to air or cigarette smoke for 6 hours/day on 3 consecutive days,then the lungs were sectioned and examined. The number of total white blood cell and differential white blood cells in BALF were counted. The different concentrations of CSE co-cultured with HBECs for 24 hours. Cells growth was detected by MTT assay. Expression levels of PLTP mRNA and IL-8 mRNA were examined by RT-PCR,protein of PLTP was investigated by Western blot,and production of IL-8 ex-amined by ELISA. Results:The number of white blood cells in BALF was significantly increased compared with controls. Enhanced ex-pression level of PLTP and IL-8 were observed in CS-exposure group. Proliferation of HBECs tends to decrease at high concentrations of CSE(2. 0% CSE and 4. 0% CSE). The results suggested that the production of IL-8 induced by CSE in a time- and concentration-dependent manner,while the expression of PLTP induced by CSE in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore,expression levels of IL-8 significantly increased after silence PLTP gene. Conclusion:PLTP siRNA could increase CSE-induced IL-8 production in HBECs.

Objective To understand postoperative experience for patients with relapsed bladder tumor and analyze its influence factors in order to supply references of postoperative nursing for nurses. Methods Patients with relapsed bladder tumot(10 cases) were interviewed and the obtained results underwent analysis and finishing thematically. Results Factors influencing postoperative experience included education haekground,whether having faith and hobbies or not,the disease,medical charge and pressure of future life.The supporting system came from family,group and society. Conclusions Nurses should strengthen mental care and health education based on patients' specific circumstances in order to improve postoperative quality of life.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the content validity and interrater reliability of the modified medication discrepancy tool (MDT). METHODS:According to the structure of MDT(English edition),the terms of MDT were modified,and 5 invited ex-perts used content validity indicator to test the content validity of MDT. The interrater reliability method was adopted to test the reli-ability of MDT. The interrater reliability was performed by 2 evaluators to same 20 research objects with modified MDT. RE-SULTS:Average item-level content validity index was over 0.800,and scale-level content validity index was 0.970. The item-level interrater reliability was between 0.667 and 1.000(P<0.01). The scale-level interrater reliability was 0.840(P<0.01). CONCLU-SIONS:The modified MDT has good content validity and interrater reliability,and can be used to evaluate discharged medication discrepancies in China.

Objective To observe the improvement of postoperative pulmonary function and oxygen partial pressure during general anesthesia for open abdominal surgery with lung protective ventilation strategies and alveolar recruitment maneuvers. Methods Seventy patients who underwent selective open abdominal surgery were selected, and they were divided into standard ventilation group (tidal volume 8 ml/kg) and protective ventilation group (tidal volume 6 ml/kg, 5 cmH2O positive end-expiratory pressure, and alveolar recruitment maneuvers, 1 cmH2O=0.098 kPa) according to the random digits table method with 35 cases each. The airway pressure, blood pressure, pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2), end-tidal partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PETCO2) and adverse reactions were observed. The SpO2, partial pressure of O2 (PaO2) and pulmonary function before surgery and 1, 3, 5 d after surgery were measured. Results The respiratory rate, airway pressure and PETCO2 levels in protective ventilation group were significantly higher than those in standard ventilation group: (12.3 ± 2.1) times/min vs. (10.2 ± 1.0) times/min, (15.1 ± 2.8) cmH2O vs. (13.5 ± 2.3) cmH2O, (34.6 ± 2.1) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) vs. (32.1 ± 1.4) mmHg, and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). The SpO2 in 2 groups was maintained at 0.99. There was no statistical difference in the incidence of postoperative complications between 2 groups (P>0.05). The SpO2 and PaO2 levels at 1, 3 d after surgery in protective ventilation group were significantly higher than those in standard ventilation group:0.951 ± 0.018 vs. 0.936 ± 0.016 and 0.964 ± 0.018 vs. 0.949 ± 0.018, (74.8 ± 6.8) mmHg vs. (65.0 ± 6.2) mmHg and (79.6 ± 6.0) mmHg vs. (70.6 ± 5.3) mmHg, and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). The forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), percentage of the estimated value of FEV1, forced vital capacity (FVC) and percentage of the estimated value of FVC at 1, 3 and 5 d after surgery in protective ventilation group were significantly higher than those in standard ventilation group, the FEV1/FVC at 1 d after surgery was significantly higher than that in standard ventilation group, and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). Conclusions The lung protective ventilation strategy and alveolar recruitment maneuvers can improve the postoperative pulmonary function and oxygen partial pressure during general anesthesia for abdominal surgery. Low vital volume, appropriate positive end-expiratory pressure and recruitment maneuvers can protect the lung in general anesthesia patients.

0.05).The percentage of apoptotic lymphocytes in those with more than two kinds of autoantibodies was markedly higher than those with only one kind of autoantibody(P