BACKGROUND: There are plenty of studies of estrogen effects on mammalian osteoblast, but the studies of estrogen effects on bird osteoblast cannot be found. There are many reports about the side effects of letrozole on bone metabolism, but there are no reports about the effect of letrozole on osteoblast.OBJECTIVE: The effects of estrogen and letrozole on the proliferation, cell cycle, estrogen receptor mRNA expression and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of chicken osteoblast in vitro were studied in order to illustrate the mechanism of medullary bone osteogenesis.METHODS: The osteoblasts were harvested from the frontal bone of 15-day SPF chicken embryos by the enzyme digestion, and treated with various mass concentrations of estrogen (0, 5, 10, 20, 100. 200, 400,800, 2 000, 20 000 ng/L) and letrozole (0, 5.10, 25, 50, 100, 250, 500, 1 000, 5 000 μg/L). The proliferation rates of the osteoblast treated with estrogen or letrozole were measured through the MTT method, The ALP activities of osteoblast were measured by the pNPP method. The cell cycle was measured by flow cytometry. The expression of estrogen receptor mRNA was detected using real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR).RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The estrogen could promote proliferation of osteoblast in concentration- and time-dependent fashion. Estrogen could increase the expression of estrogen receptor mRNA, impulse cell cycle, and elevate ALP activities.Letrozole could increase the cell population, impulse cell cycle, inhibit estrogen receptor mRNA expression, but letrozole has no effects on ALP synthesis and secretion.

Objective: To denvolop HPLC an method for the determination of the content of three saponins in Zhixiao suppositories. Methods: Analysis carriedout was performed on a Kromasil C18 column (4.6 mm×250 mm., 5μm)at 23℃. The mobile phases were methanol and 0.2% phosphoricacid solution in a gradient elution. The flow rate was set at 1.0 mL·min-1 and the ultraviolet detector was operated at 203 nm. Results: The linear ranges of notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1 and ginsenoside Rb1 were 0.368～2.76μg,0.676～5.07 μg and 0.812～6.09μg,respectively. The average recoveries of the three saponins were 98.53%, 99.20% and 99.35%, respectively. The RSD (n=5) were 2.11%, 1.88% and 2.38%, respectively. Conclusion: The separation is a good and the results are accurate and reproducible. It can be used for the quality control of Zhixiao suppositories.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of domestic human recombinant FSH (rhFSH) in women with anovulation of WHO groupⅡ. Methods A randomized, blind, parallel-controlled, non-inferiority and multicenter study was performed. A total of 534 admitted to 13 hospitals from May 2008 to August 2009. There were 531 women with ovulatory disorder was included in the statistical analysis, were randomly divided into test group (domestic rhFSH, n=352) and control group (imported rhFSH, n=179). Percentage of cycle with mature follicle, ovulation rate, clinical pregnancy rate, multiple pregnancy rate, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) and adverse events were observed. Results No statistical significant differences (P>0.05) were observed between the two groups in terms of the efficiency on mature follicle [91.8%(323/352) versus 88.8%(159/179)], ovulation rate [91.3%(295/323) verus 90.6%(144/159)], clinical pregnancy rate [19.2%(62/323) verus 18.2%(29/159)], the number of the follicles<14 mm, the level of serum LH and progesterone, the thickness of endometrium on the day of hCG administration. The number of follicle≥18 mm and 14 mm≤follicle<18 mm and the level of serum estradiol on the day of hCG in the test group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The number of days of rhFSH administration in the test group was significantly less than that in the control group [(9.8±2.2) versus (11.4± 0.6) days, P<0.05], the dosage of rhFSH was significantly lower than that in the control group [(879 ± 419) versus (1 043 ± 663) U, P<0.05]. The multiple pregnancy rate in the test group was significantly higher than that in the control group [21% (13/62) versu 10% (3/29), P<0.05]. The incidence of OHSS and adverse events were similar between the two groups (P>0.05), and no other adverse events were observed in test group during treatment. Conclusion Ovarian stimulation with domestic rhFSH is effective, safe and economical in women with anovulation of WHO groupⅡ.

ObjectiveTo investigate the association between thromboelastography (TEG) parameters and bleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis and whether TEG can be used to predict the risk of spontaneous bleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis, and to provide a basis for its preventive treatment. MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 174 patients with liver cirrhosis who attended Huadu People’s Hospital from May 2018 to April 2020 and did not receive invasive procedure, and according to the condition of bleeding, they were divided into non-bleeding group(n=64), gastrointestinal bleeding group(n=61), and mucocutaneous/oronasal bleeding group(n=49). The medical record system and laboratory information system were used to collect related information and laboratory test results for statistical analysis. The t-test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between two groups; an analysis of variance was used for comparison between multiple groups, and the least significant difference t-test was used for further comparison between two groups. The Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between two groups, and the Kruskal-Wallis H test was used for comparison between multiple groups. MedCalc software was used for receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was calculated for commonly used coagulation markers and TEG parameters in predicting the risk of bleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis. Cut-off value, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were determined, and the Z test was used for comparison of indices in predicting mucocutaneous/oronasal bleeding. ResultsOf all 174 patients, 110 (63.2%) experienced spontaneous bleeding, among whom 61 (55.5%) had gastrointestinal bleeding and 49 (44.5%) had mucocutaneous/oronasal bleeding. There were significant differences in maximum amplitude (MA) and K between the bleeding group and the non-bleeding group (t=2.241 and -2.605, both P＜0.05). There were significant differences between the mucocutaneous/oronasal bleeding group and the non-bleeding/gastrointestinal bleeding groups in platelet count (PLT) and the TEG parameters of clot formation time, a-angle, MA, and coagulation index (CI) (F=3.947, H=12.867, F=4.007, F=8.498, F=5.420, all P＜0.05). Among the TEG parameters, reaction time and Lys30 were generally within the normal range, while there was a prolonged kinetics (K) time and reductions in a-angle, MA, and CI. PLT ≤40×109/L, MA ≤357 mm, K time ＞4.2 minutes, a-angle ≤51.6, and CI ≤-5.9 could be used to predict spontaneous mucocutaneous/oronasal bleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis (all AUC ＞0.7), with positive predictive values of 82.4, 88.9, 81.0, 72.7, and 73.7, respectively, and negative predictive values of 68.3, 72.5, 73.0, 69.4, and 66.7, respectively. ConclusionPLT and the TEG parameters of K time, a-angle, MA, and CI can predict spontaneous bleeding caused by abnormal coagulation in liver cirrhosis, while conventional coagulation parameters prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time cannot predict such bleeding, which provides a basis for the treatment of coagulation disorder and transfusion of blood components for patients with liver cirrhosis.