Objective To compare the differences of two kinds of EIA reagents for HIV-1/2 (Ab/Ag) screening results of voluntary blood donors,in addition to find out the feasibility of reducing 1 times of EIA detection.Methods To collect data of HIV 1/2 screening positive results and confirmatory test for voluntary blood donors from 2009 to 2014 in Jiaxing area,and to compare the relationship of screeing test results with that of the confirmatory test,and then to analyze the relevance between S/CO values of screening test and confirmatory test.Results Screening positive rates of domestic and imported reagents,which were 9.58/10 000 and 12.43/10 000,respectively;and the confirmatory coincidence rates were 11.84％ and 9.12％,respectively.There was no significant difference (x2 =1.11,P＞0.05).The double-reagent joint detection positive rate was 1.37/10 000,and its positive predictive value was 82.86％.Single-reagent test result compared with that of double-reagent test,which had significant differences (x2domestic =94.04,P＜0.05 and x2ximported =124.86,P＜0.05).When the S/CO value was more than 6,domestic and imported reagents positive predictive values were 93.55％ (29/31) and 87.50％ (28/32),respectively.Conclusion There is no difference between domestic and imported reagents EIA-HIV1/2.

AIM:To investigate the effect of vitamin D3 up-regulated protein 1 (VDUP1) gene over-expression/knockdown on the proliferation and migration of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells and its related mechanisms.METHODS:Gene over-expression/interference techniques were used to up-regulate/down-regulate the expression of VDUP1 in the MCF-7 cells.The mRNA expression of VDUP1 was detected by qPCR.CCK-8, BrdU and Transwell assays were used to measure the cell viability, proliferation and migration, respectively.The protein levels of Akt, p-Akt, GSK3β and p-GSK3β were determined by Western blot.RESULTS:The mRNA expression of VDUP1 was up-regulated after transfection with VDUP1 over-expression plasmid (P<0.05), and down-regulated after transfection with VDUP1 siRNA (P<0.05).Over-expression of VDUP1 significantly inhibited MCF-7 cell proliferation and migration (P<0.05), while knockdown of VDUP1 enhanced cell proliferation and migration (P<0.05).Furthermore, over-expression of VDUP1 up-regulated the protein levels of p-Akt and p-GSK3β (P<0.05).Inverse results were obtained after knockdown of VDUP1.CONCLUSION:The viability and migration ability of MCF-7 cells are inhibited by over-expression of VDUP1 but enhanced by VDUP1 knockdown, which may be related with Akt/GSK3β pathway.

Objective To research and analyze serological and virological epidemiology charactererization of occult hepatitis B virus infection in Jiaxing volunteer blood donors.Methods 52 698 samples were screened by ELISA(HBsAg、antiHCV 、anti-HIV、anti-TP) and Nucleic acid amplification technique(NAT),then NAT positive samples were further identified to detect virus type.HBsAg-/HBV-DNA+ samples were collected in three different kinds of qualitative HBsAg detection of ELISA kit.The quantitative determination of HBsAg and anti-HBs were used by chemiluminescencemethod.At the same time,real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (QPCR) was used to measure the viral load of HBV.Further analysis and study on the serological and virological distribution of OBI combined with five markers of hepatitis B virus (HBV),with tracing general epidemiological data (sex,age and age).Results The prevalence rate of OBI was 0.89‰ (1 ∶ 1 121) in all donors with OBI infection,and 2 cases of window period (WP) were found in 52698 donors (1 ∶ 26 349).The results of HBsAg and HBeAg were negative in 49 HBsAg-/HBV-DNA+ samples,and 6OBI serological profiles were found.Anti-HBs quantitative concentration(＞100 mIU/mL)accounted for 27.66％ (13/47),while anti-HBc+ positive rate was 91.49％ (43/47).HBV-DNA nucleic acid quantitative ranged from 4.10 to 1.82× 103(IU/mL) (median of 15.83),whereas HBsAg+/HBV-DNA+positive viral load was in the range of 61.47 to 1.28× 104(IU/mL) (median of 538.15).The difference was significant in viral load between experiment group and control group(P＜0.05).Male donors of more than 40 years were higher in prevalence rate of OBI infection (P＜0.05),meanwhile there was a significant difference in OBI infection rate between repeated blood donors and fnrst blood donors(0.01＜P＜0.05).Conclusion The viral load was low in OBI infected donors,and anti-HBc+ was the main manifestation.NAT had the ability to detect OBI,shorten the window period,and contributed to ensure the safety of clinical blood.

Objective: To analyze the residual risk of transfusion transmitted hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method in hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) negative blood donors, and to assess the infection status. Methods: A total of 45551 samples were collected from blood donors.All samples were tested by 2 different ELISA kids of HBsAg and nucleic acid testing (NAT) individually of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Those ELISA HBsAg negative and NAT single reactive (HBsAg-/HBV DNA+ ) specimens were analyzed by quantitative detection of HBV DNA and by serologic testing of HBV antigen and antibody. Results: A total of 44 HBsAg-/HBV DNA+ samples were detected, including 42 occult HBV infections (OBI) and 2 window period infections (WP). The detection rate of OBI rate was 0.90‰, and 32 samples of OBI sample HBV DNA was less than 20 IU/ml, and the OBI detection rate was significantly different between different genders, ages and blood donation times (P<0.05). In the OBI sample, there were 6 serological models, 92.9%(39/42) OBI samples hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb) positive, and 76.9%(30/39) HBV DNA in HBcAb positive samples were less than 20 IU/ml; 29.5% (13/42) of OBI blood donors hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAb) and HBcAb were also positive, of whom 84.6% (11/13) were HBV DNA quantitatively <20 IU/ml. Conclusions HBV residual risk of transfusion-transmitted infection may occur through HBsAg- and single NAT reactive blood donors, mainly include OBI, and HBV DNA low level. Blocking of single NAT reactive blood donors could reduce transfusion-transmitted HBV infection.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the serological characteristics and molecular mechanism for an individual with p phenotype. METHODS: An individual with p phenotype upon blood group identification at Jiaxing Blood Center in May 2021 was analyzed. ABO, RhD and P1PK blood groups and irregular antibodies in her serum were identified using conventional serological methods. The encoding region of α1, 4-galactosyltransferase gene (A4GALT) encoding P1 and Pk antigens was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-sequence-based typing (PCR-SBT). RESULTS: The individual was A group, RhD positive and had a p phenotype of the P1PK blood group system. Anti-PP1Pk was discovered in her serum. Sequencing analysis revealed that she has harbored a homozygous c.343A>T variant of the A4GALT gene. CONCLUSION The homozygous c.343A>T variant of the A4GALT gene probably underlay the p phenotype in this individual.
Female ; Animals ; Blood Group Antigens ; Homozygote ; Phenotype ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

BACKGROUND:Autophagy has become a rapidly developing research hotspot in the biomedical fields.Many researchers are actively exploring the molecular regulatory mechanism of autophagy in a variety of diseases.However,the role of autophagy in hair growth is still unknown. OBJECTIVE:To review the current research progress and application value of autophagy in hair growth and regeneration,to understand the role of autophagy in hair growth,to explore the pathogenesis of autophagy in pathological hair loss,and to provide new ideas for the study of drugs for hair loss. METHODS:Using"hair follicle growth,hair growth,hair regeneration,autophagy associated proteins,autophagy activity,autophagy associated genes,autophagy"as Chinese search terms and"hair growth,hair follicle,hair regeneration,autophagy"as English search terms,PubMed and CNKI databases were searched.The research progress on autophagy,hair growth and the role of autophagy in hair growth in and outside China in recent years was reviewed and summarized.Articles incompatible with the subject content of the paper were excluded.Finally,78 articles were included for the result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Autophagy is a normal metabolic process in eukaryotes with complex molecular mechanisms and functional properties,which is beneficial to cell survival and cell death.(2)Alopecia-related diseases are associated with changes in autophagy activity,which can regulate hair growth cycle.Knockout or overexpression of autophagy-related genes can change the state of hair growth.Multiple autophagy related signaling pathways have been found to be related to hair follicle growth.Activators or inhibitors of autophagy can be used to treat or prevent hair loss.

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics, risk factors of mortality and antimicrobial therapy of carbapenemresistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) bloodstream infections. Methods A 5-year retrospective study was conducted for 60 patients with CRKP bloodstream infection, who were treated in Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital during the period from June 2011 to August 2016. The patients were assigned to death (n=24) or survival (n=36) group according to 28-day survival after bloodstream infection to identify the predictors of mortality. The patients treated with combination antimicrobial therapy (n=32) were compared with those received monotherapy (n=14). Results A total of 60 nonduplicate CRKP blood isolates were identified. The 28-day mortality was 40.0％ (24/60). High APACHE Ⅱ score (OR=1.15, 95％ CI 1.0-1.3, P=0.048) was identified as an independent risk factor for 28-day mortality in patients with CRKP bloodstream infection. The 46 patients receiving antimicrobial therapy showed 28-day mortality of 34.8％. Univariate analysis indicated that the 28-day mortality rate was similar between the patients receiving combination antimicrobial therapy and those receiving monotherapy. Conclusions Bloodstream infection due to CRKP is associated with high mortality. APACHE II score is an independent predictor for mortality in patients with CRKP bloodstream infection.

【Objective】 To study and analyze the profile of irregular antibodies among voluntary blood donors in Jiaxing area. 【Methods】 The ABO and RhD blood groups of all voluntary blood donors from November 2018 to November 2020 were detected by DIAGAST QWALYS 3 automatic blood group analyzer. According to routine serological screening program of irregular antibody, the samples reactive to O blood cell were sent to the reference laboratory for further identification of the antibody specificity, and the specificity and distribution characteristics of irregular antibodies were analyzed statistically. 【Results】 A total of 79 samples presenting irregular antibodies were yielded out of 90 854 blood samples, with a positive rate of 0.087%. More female samples (n=44) than male (n=35) (P<0.05). 29 donors aged 18 to 31, 33 aged 32 to 45, and 17 aged over 45 years old (P<0.05). 73 samples were RhD positive and 6 were RhD negative (P< 0.05). 40 only donated once, and 39 donated more than twice (P>0.05). 【Conclusion】 Female, RhD negative and more than 45 years old blood donors are more likely to present irregular antibodies, regardless of the number of blood donations.

【Objective】 To study the detection performance of HBsAg single-ELISA-reactive samples of blood donors. 【Methods】 Two kinds of ELISA reagents from different manufacturers (named as reagents A and B) were used for HBsAg screening. A total of 276 samples, from January 2017 to May 2021, with HBsAg single-ELISA-reactive results were collected for further nucleic acid detection technology (NAT) and chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) testing, to undergo HBV-DNA and five hepatitis B tests, respectively. The relationship between HBsAg single-ELISA-reactivity, NAT and CLIA was statistically analyzed. 【Results】 Among the 276 HBsAg single-ELISA-reactive samples, 14 were NAT reactive, with the positive rate of 5.07% (14/276). Fisher′s exact test was used to compare the compliance of reagents A and B with NAT reactivity, and the difference was not statistically significant (P<0.05). Among 14 HBsAg+ /NAT+ samples retested by CLIA, 2 were HBsAg reactive(14.29%, 2/14), 13 were anti-HBc reactive (92.86%, 13/14), 9 had the quantitative value of anti-HBs <10 mIU/mL, 5 had the quantitative value of anti-HBs between 10 to 100mIU/ mL. A total of 5 serological patterns were detected, and anti-HBe+ /anti-HBc+ pattern was the dominant. There were 262 cases of HBsAg+ /NAT- samples, but only 1 (0.38%, , 1/262) case was HBsAg reactive by CLIA, 100 were anti-HBc reactive (38.17%, 100/262), 144 (54.96%, 144/262) were anti-HBs reactive, and 1 was HBeAg reactive. A total of 8 serological patterns were detected. 【Conclusion】 Most of HBsAg single-ELISA-reactive results are false, and NAT could effectively reduce the residual risk of transfusion transmitted diseases.