Objective To discuss effect of centralized training of basic operational skills for nursing students before nursing practice. Methods 176 student nurses in 2007 were set as the control group,320 nursing students in 2008 as the experimental group. The control group began practice after routine pre -practice education, based upon this, the experimental group carried out centralized training of basic operational skills for one week, only those who passed the examination could began practice, those who failed the examination should continued the training till they passed the examination. Time cost to master the operational skills, operational assessment results and evaluation of nursing practice by teachers were compared between the two groups. Results Compared to the control group, time cost to master the operational skills shortened, operational assessment results and evaluation of nursing practice by teachers improved in the experimental group. Conclusions Through centralized training of basic operational skills, time cost to master the operating skills of basic nursing by nursing students shortened, operational capability of nursing students can be improved, and the clinical nursing teaching quality can be promoted.

BACKGROUND: Scar hypertrophy is always followed by the wound healing in burn and trauma. Endothelial cells play a key role in scar hypertrophy, so inhibitory growth of endothelial cells can relieve scar hypertrophy to a certain degree. OBJECTIVE: To construct a recombinant adenovirus vector expressing human endostatin (Ad/hEnd), and to investigate the cooperative effect of Ad/hEnd and keratinocyte on endothelial cell proliferation. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Observational study, which was performed in the State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital of the Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA between September 2006 and May 2007. MATERIALS: pAdTrack-CMV and pAdEasy-1 were obtained from Stratagene Company, USA; 293 cell and Ecoli.DH5α were stored in our laboratory. METHODS: The endostatin gene sequence was obtained by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based on mRNA of human fetal hepatic tissue and inserted into the adenovims shuttle plasmid pAdTrack-CMV to obtain recombinant plasmid pAdTrack-ES. After identification, positive recon was transformed into pAdeasy 1 recipient virus to screen positive clones. The adenovirus Ad/hEnd was generated from 293 cells and identified by PCR and fluorescence microscope. Then the keratinocytes were infected with Ad/hEnd, and co-cultured with endothelial cells by nest dish culture method. The content of endostatin was detected, and the non-transfection keratinocytes were used as the controls. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Homologous recombination and identification of pAd/hEnd; generation and identification of Ad/hEnd; endostatin expression after 293 cell transfection; purification and titer measurement of Ad/hEnd; content of endostatin in culture solution; apoptotic percentage of endothelial cells; inhibitory ratio of endothelial cells. RESULTS: Ad/hEnd was constructed and the virus titer was generally up to 1.65×1012 PFU/L. Ad/hEnd-infected keratinocytes could effectively express and secrete endostatin of which the content reached 226 μg/L after 3 days of co-culture. The apoptotic percentage and inhibitory ratio of the endothelial cells co-cultured with Ad/hEnd-infected keratinocytes were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Ad/hEnd-infected keratinocytes co-cultured with endothelial cells can promote apoptosis and inhibit proliferation of endothelial cells through excretion of endostatin.

Objective To compare the rates of regimen modification between patients with different initial antiretroviral therapy, and to investigate risk factors associated with drug toxicity-related regimen modification.Methods A two-years retrospective cohort study was conducted in 14 060 patients who initiated antiretroviral treatment with Zidovudine (AZT)/Tenofovir disoproxil (TDF)+Lamivudine (3TC)+Efavirenz (EFV) since 2012.There were 5 126 patients initiated TDF+3TC+EFV therapy (TDF group) and 8 934 patients initiated AZT+3TC+EFV therapy (AZT group).Chi-square test was used to compare the rate of first-line regimen modification and the rate of toxicity-related regimen modification between two groups.Cox proportional hazard model was used to investigate the risk factors associated with regimen modification.Results A total of 14 060 acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients were observed for a median period of 1.85 person-years.There were 2 795 patients who changed their initial antiretroviral regimen and the rate of initial regimen modification was 19.9%.Two hundred patients who changed their initial regimen due to pregnancy were excluded.There were 2 070 patients in AZT group who changed their initial regimen with a rate of 23.5%.Among them, 1 652 patients changed their regimen due to drug toxicity and the rate was 18.8%.There were 525 patients in TDF group who changed their initial regimen with a rate of 10.4% and the rate of toxicity-related regimen modification was 6.2%.The differences between two groups were statistical significance (χ2=366.68 and 416.89, respectively, both P<0.01).The risk of regimen modification in AZT group were significantly higher than that in TDF group (aHR=2.89, 95%CI: 2.57-3.24).The risk of toxicity-related regimen modification in AZT group was also significantly higher than that in TDF group (aHR=3.85, 95%CI: 3.34-4.45).Conclusions Patients initiated antiretroviral treatment with AZT+3TC+EFV are more likely to change their initial regimen than those who initiated treatment with TDF+3TC+EFV.Female, age >45 years old, BMI<18.5 kg/cm2 and baseline CD4+ T cell count<200/mL were risk factors associated with regimen modification.

Objective To investigate the application effects of phenotypic diet therapy in patients with radiotherapy and chemotherapy.Methods From June 2014 to January 2016, 176 cases of cancer patients in our hospital were selected as research subjects, and were divided into observation group and control group according to the random number table method, each of 88 cases. The observation group implemented to check the phenotype of diet therapy for nursing intervention, while the control group implemented routine diet nursing intervention. The nutritional status, serum indexes and quality of life of the two groups were compared before and after intervention.Results The nutritional status of patients after the intervention was better than that before the intervention significantly (Z=11.235,P<0.01). The patients in the intervention group after intervention was significantly better than the control group, and there was a statistically significant difference (t=12.658, P< 0.01); there was no significant change in control group before and after intervention (Z=0.984,P=0.214). Serum albumin, triglyceride, total cholesterol and prealbumin in the observation group were increased significantly higher than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (t=12.635, 2.165, 3.021, 8.365;P < 0.05); Creactive protein increased significantly lower than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (t=-5.632,P< 0.01). The cognitive function, pain, shortness of breath and economic difficulty change extent had no significant differences (P>0.05); The improvement in the other 11 dimensions were better than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.01).Conclusions Phenotypic diet therapy can improve the nutritional status of patients and the quality of life of patients.

Objective To explore the effect of non-negative Chinese affective picture on the self management of pain in cancer patients.Methods A total of 128 cancer patients treated in the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2014 to January 2016 were divided into observation group and control group according to the random number table method, each of 64 cases. The control group received routine care, and the observation group received nursing intervention using non-negative Chinese emotional picture on the basis of the control group. The pain degree, self efficacy and cognitive status of pain were compared between the two groups after the intervention.Results There was no significant difference in pain score between the two groups before the intervention (P>0.05), the pain score of the patients in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (t=2.986,P=0.001). There was no significant difference in the "pain immediately notice" and "understanding the commonly used methods of analgesia" (x2=0.667, 0.508;P>0.05)between two groups, and other cognitions of pain in the observation group was better than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P<0.01). Before and after the intervention, the improvement of ten dimensions including movement scale, disease information, getting help, physician communication, general disease management, doing housework, social and recreational activities, symptom management, shortness of breath, and depression management control in the observation group was obviously higher than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (t=4.698, 5.478, 4.365, 4.147,3.965, 3.854, 3.652, 3.236, 3.152, 3.785;P<0.01).Conclusions Nursing intervention with non-negative Chinese emotional picture can improve the cognition degree of pain, improve the patients' self efficacy and reduce the pain of patients with cancer.

The effective treatment methods of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are limited. The patient's treatment plan is mainly based on individual differences and different risk levels [by revised International Prognostic Points System (IPSS-R)], including observation, erythropoiesis stimulating agents, iron elimination, immunosuppressive agents, lenalidomide, hypomethylating agents and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The limitations of the treatment strategies are important exploration directions for future clinical trials. At present, multiple clinical trials for the treatment of MDS are underway, but it is still necessary to optimize therapies through integrating molecular and genetic data and applying them to clinical practice. This article reviews the current treatment approaches of MDS and looks forward to future research directions.