OBJECTIVE:To study the mechanism of renal toxicity of platinums in rats.METHODS:A total of 12 rats were equally assigned to receive cisplatin,carboplatin,or dicycloplatin i.v with the dosage of platinum at 10 mg?kg-1.The cumulative excretion rate of platinum in urine in 4 h and the concentration of platinum in renal tissue were measured by atom absorption method.RESULTS:The total excretion percent of platinum in urine in the first 4 h after injection of cisplatin,carboplatin,and dicycloplatin were(33.7?5.7)%,(89.1?8.5)% and(70.1?9.8)% respectively.The renal platinum concentration were 70.6?31.6,217.7?97.6,and(278.8?112.0)?g?g-1,respectively.CONCLUSIONS:Both the renal excretion speed and renal concentrations of platinum were higher for dicycloplatin and carboplatin than for cisplatin.The nephrotoxicity of platinum drugs probably has no direct relationship with the renal concentration of platinum.

Objective By researching the auditory brainstem response(ABR) latency and interpeak latency intervals before and after continuous positive airway pressure through the nares(nCPAP), the experiment explored the pathophysiological and anatomical basis of electric physiological change in patients with obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS).Methods The ABR of 45 OSAHS patients(90 ears) and control group(32 ears)was examined,the sleep of patients with OSAHS was monitored by polysomnography(PSG).The results of ABR before and after nCPAP were compared.Results 1.The latency of wave III? V and interpeak latency intervals of I-III,III-V,I-V of patients were longer than that of the control group.2.After nCPAP,wave III and interpeak latency intervals of I-III,III-V changed obviously.Conclusion 1.The OSAHS patients' auditory brainstem structure is impaired,which has relationship with high carbonic acid and low oxygen saturation. 2.Except wave III,produced by upper nucleus olivaris that is near the breathing center,effect of nCPAP on ABR of patients with OSAHS is not obvious.

Objective To investigate the clinical application of pressure pulse band in placenta previa cesarean section hemorrhage.Methods 130 patients with placenta previa surgery bleeding were randomly divided into two groups.The control group received conventional treatment of oxytocin,and the observation group,on the basis of the control group,in cesarean section in placenta praevia fail to control bleeding and bleeding is excessive,may surround the cervix as possible by lower fastening pressure pulse band (i.e.both ligament below),rapid delivery of uterus in abdominal cavity,stop the bleeding.Results The average time to hemostasis and surgical time of the control group were significantly higher than those of the observation group(t =5.72,13.27,P ＜ 0.05).The average blood loss,blood transfusion were significantly higher than those of the observation group (t =14.37,10.45,P ＜ 0.05).The number of transfusion was significantly higher than that of the observation group (x2 =15.93,P ＜ 0.05).There was no death case.Conclusion In placenta previa cesarean section,the application of pressure pulse band can be quickly and effectively reduce the bleeding during operation and easy to master.

Objective:To seek the main incentive factors that influencing medical staff′s enthusiasm through the medical staff satisfaction survey among the grass-roots level medical staff in Shaanxi province.Methods:Choosing the north, middle and south parts of Shaanxi province and using the questionnaire survey, factor analysis method and Krukal-Wallis test were used.Results:Main drive common factor affect the enthusiasm of the staff with train-ing and development, compensation and protection level, management mode and team cooperation, working condi-tions and working environment, and different characteristics of medical staff on incentive satisfaction differences. Conclusion:In order to improve medical staff′s work enthusiasm, it is necessary to combine the Shaanxi regional specific circumstances, to establish a suitable incentive mechanism.

Objective To understand the effect of cerium on the activity of SOD and CAT in Drosophila melanogaster.Methods Drosophila melanogasters were treated with cerium by adding cerium sulfate [Ce(SO4)2] into the culture medium at different concentrations(0,1,4,16,64,256 and 1 024 mg/L).The activity of SOD and CAT of the third-instar larvae were analyzed.Result Compared with the control,at 64-1 024 mg/L,the activity of SOD and CAT in the third-instar larvae significantly decreased and at 1-16 mg/L,the activity of SOD and CAT significantly increased Conclusion It suggested that cerium sulfate [Ce(SO4)2] has an oxidant toxicity to Drosophila melanogaster.

AIM: To investigate the role of adrenomedullin (AM) in diabetic nephropathy. METHODS: We observed the changes in the expression and secretion of AM, TGF-? 1 in the cultured human mesangial cells under high glucose condition and the contents of the laminin and type IV collagen in the supernatants. The effect of intervention with AM was also observed. RESULTS: High glucose condition resulted in increase in the expression and secretion of AM TGF-? 1 laminin and type IV collagen. AM reversed the influence of high glucose on the cultured human mesangial cells. CONCLUSION: These results showed that high glucose condition is one of stimulating factors of AM and the renal protective action of AM may be associated with suppression of TGF-? 1 and reducing excessive accumulation of laminin and type IV collagen.

Objective To investigate the surgical treatment and early intravitreal injection of antibiotics to the curative effects of vitrectomy for exogenous endophthalmitis. Design Retrospective case-controlled study. Participants From Jan 2000 to Dec 2004, 94 patients(94 eyes), diagnosed as endophthalmitis were evaluated retrospectively. Methods All patients underwent pars plana vitrectomy. 46 patients (46 eyes) underwent the intravitreal injection of antibiotics early before undergoing vitrectomy from 3 to 14 days (mean 5.6 days) (group Ⅰ). The other 48 patients (48 eyes) underwent vitrectomy directly (group Ⅱ). Postoperative follow-up ranged from 3 to 12 months (mean 7.5 months). Main Outcome Measures Visual acuity. Results The visual acuities of these 94 patients improved significantly after vitrectomy (P=0.000). The rate of curative effects in group Ⅰ was significantly higher than that of the group Ⅱ (P=0.029). According to the further analysis, the rates of curative effects of the patients underwent vitrectomy in 7 days were similar between group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ(P=0.692), but the rates of curative effects of the patients underwent vitrectomy after 7 days were obviously different between two groups (P=0.008). Conclusions Undergoing vitrectomy as early as possible is a good available method for the treatment of exogenous endophthalmitis. If the vitrectomy can not be undergone early, intravitreal injection of antibiotics in time before vitrectomy may increase the therapeutic effect of exogenous endophthalmitis obviously.

Objective To discuss the relationship between leptin level and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in adolescent patients with polycystic ovary syndrome, and to explore the classification diagnosis method of adolescent PCOS and indicator for clinical monitoring of obese patients. Methods All enrolled adolescent individuals were assigned into four groups: 30 normal adolescent individuals in the control group, 30 simple adolescent obese individuals in the simple obesity group,27 obese adolescent PCOS patients in the obese PCOS group and 14 nonobese adolescent PCOS patients in the nonobese PCOS group. The fasting serum samples were prepared for leptin level measurement and analysis, Results The serum leptin level of in the control group, the simple obesity group, the obese PCOS group and the nonobese PCOS group were ( 19.44 ± 6. 63 ) μg/L vs.(23.09 ±7. 39) μg/L, (42. 99 ±9. 83) μg/L and (31, 92 ±7, 02) μg/L,respectively. Leptin in the obese PCOS group was significantly higher than that in the control group and the simple obese group (t = 2. 903 and 2. 714 respectively,Ps ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusion Monitoring the serum level of leptin can not only aid the classification of adolescent PCOS patients and guide the treatment, but also can serve as a indicator for therapeutic monitoring of obese adolescent PCOS.

Objective To study the expression of endothelin-1(ET-1) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase(eNOS) mRNA in the villus of pre-eclampsia and the effect of the ET-1 and eNOS on umbilical artery flow velocity wareforms. Methods Dot blotting, DIG-labeled human ET-1 and eNOS cDNA probes were used to examine the expression of the ET-1 and eNOS gene in the placental villus tissues of women with normal gestation and pre-eclampsia. Leica QWIN image disposal and analysis system were used to assess the mean OD of every dot. Colour doppler was used to examine the umbilical artery flow the day before childbirth. Results The level of ET-1 mRNA in placental villus was significantly higher in pre-eclampsia group than the normal group(0.43?0.03 versus 0.23?0.44,P

Objective To explore the relationship between the change of serum β-HCG and the effect of　conservative treatment in tubal ectopic pregnancy.Methods 95 patients with tubal ectopic pregnancy were treated with single dose methotrexate injection.Among them,87 patients were successfully cured,16 patients were treated with the 2nd dose and Chinese herbal medicine orally:8 patients failed.The change of serum β-HCG levels after the first and 2nd course of treatment were measured.Results It showed that after the first or 2nd course of treatment,the cases which serum β-HCG level reducing less than 15%in patients who had successful treatment were signiflcantly lower than that in patients who failed(P＜0.05).Conclusion Detecting the change of serum β-HCG concentration can evaluate the therapeutic effect in tubal ectopic pregnancy with conservative treatment,and according that surgical operation should be chosen if serum β-HCG reduce less than 15%after two courses of treatment.