Objective To evaluate the clinical value bronchofiberscope and perfusion in the treatment of multi- drug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (MDR-TB).Methods Forty-two cases were treated by injecting amikacin (0.4 g), ofloxacin (0.4 g), after cleaning up exudation through bronchofiberscope and catheter intervention combined with chemotherapy therapy, while 37 controls were treated by chemotherapy only.Results By the end of 9 months, the sputum tubercle bacillus conversion rate, radiographical improvement rate were 92.9% and 90.5% respectively in the treated groups,while all these indications were higher than those of control group 62.2% and 59.5% (P

Objective To construct an eukaryotic vector expressing short hairpin RNA(shRNA) of HIF-1α,and to observe its effects on location and metastasis of HeLa cells under hypoxic condition.Methods shRNA templates was developed based on HIF-1α gene sequence and then cloned into pSilencer2.1-U6-neo vector.The resultant plasmid was transfected into HeLa cells with Lipofectamine 2000.The cells were incubated in hypoxic condition.The HIF-1α protein and mRNA were detected by Western blot and RT-PCR.The colony formation assay and Transwell cabin assay were performed to measure the colony formation and metastasis.Results The plasmid pSilencer2.1-U6-neo-HIF-1α was successfully constructed and transfected into HeLa cells.The expression of HIF-1α in HeLa cells decreased,and the number of colony formation in soft agar and cells penetrating matrigel also decreased under hypoxic condition.Conclusion The shRNA expressing plasmid targeting at HIF-1α may suppress the location and metastasis of cervical carcinoma cells under hypoxic condition.

Objective To study the expression of CD44V6 in human epidermal tumours and malignant melanoma. Methods The expression of CD44V6 was detected by an immunohistochemical technique in squamous cell carcinoma(SCC), basal cell carcinoma(BCC) and malignant melanoma(MM). Results CD44V6 was expressed on the membrane of tumour cells of 10 patients with SCC, and there was downregulation of CD44V6 expression which along with the decrease of differentiation of SCC tumour cells. Tumour cells of 8 patients with MM and 10 patients with BCC did not express CD44V6. Conclusion Our findings suggest that CD44V6 expression is correlated with the types of skin tumours.

Objective To explore the relationship between fibroblast growth factor 21(FGF21) and islet β cell function in pregnant women with different glucose tolerance status.Methods A total of 441 pregnant women were selected in this study from our hospital.Their 50 g GCT at 24~28 gestational weeks were all positive.One week later,all the subjects were treated with 75 g OGTT,and divided into three groups according to their test results:GDM group (n=228),GIGT group (n=112) and GNGT group (n=91).Serum FGF21 level was tested by ELISA.Islet β cell function was evaluated by HOMA-IR,ISI-Matsuda,HOMA-IS,Stumvoll first,second phase secretion and ISSI.The correlation between FGF21 and islet β cell function was evaluated by Pearson correlation analysis.Results (1) BMI,0 h,1 h,2 h,3 hPG and 1 h,2 h,3 hIns were higher in GDM group and GIGT group than in GNGT group,and highest in GDM group (P<0.05 or P<0.01).SBP,DBP,0 hIns and HbA1c were higher in GDM group than in GNGT group and GIGT group(P<0.05 or P<0.01);(2)From GNGT group,GIGT group to DGM group,the levels of FGF21[(101.74±20.40) vs (137.93±25.52) vs (185.69±31.61) ng/L]and HOMA-IR[1.74(0.91,2.85) vs 2.39(1.31,4.87) vs 3.38(2.19,6.75)]were increased,while ISI-Matsuda[(58.74±15.68) vs (41.62±15.65) vs (39.73±18.98)],HOMA-IS[(157.69±88.41) vs (144.35±78.98) vs (107.30±87.23)]and ISSI[(72253.55±15167.53) vs (42313.91±7112.47) vs (30032.50±11500.24)]were decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01).The stumvoll first,second phase secretion were lower in GDM group than in GNGT group and GIGT group(P<0.01),but there was no statistical significance between GNGT and GIGT group(P>0.05).(3)Pearson correlation analysis showed that FGF21 was positively correlated with HOMA-IR(r=0.255,P=0.030) and was negatively correlated with ISI-Matsuda,HOMA-β,Stumvoll first,second phase secretion and ISSI(r=-0.289,-0.256,-0.224,-0.230,-0.277,P=0.019,0.037,0.045,0.040,0.023).Conclusion Along with the worsening of glucose metabolic damage,the FGF21 level is increased gradually.FGF21 is related to islet β cell function,and may enroll in the occurrence and development of GDM.

Objective To check the change of content of serum beta-apoliprotien(?-AP) and insulin(INS) in the patient with Alzheimer disease, and to reflect the effect of using different drug. Methods 60 cases of this disease and 30 cases of the control group were been detected by radioimmunoassay(RIA). Results The content of ?-AP in Alzheimer disease(AD) was obviously higher than that in control groups(P

Objective To investigate the effect of carvedilol combined with spironolactone in the treatment of elderly patients with chronic heart failure clinical efficacy and to provide reference for clinical treatment of formulation. Methods 104 elderly patients with chronic heart failure were randomly divided into observation group and control group,52 cases were randomly divided into observation group and control group.Control group intervention in accord-ance with the conventional treatment of chronic heart failure program,the observation group in the conventional scheme based on,combined with oral carvedilol and spironolactone therapy.6 months after treatment,clinical efficacy was compared between the two groups.The results of echocardiography before and after treatment in two groups were compared.The adverse reactions in the treatment process were compared.Results The effective rate in the observation group was 59.62%,the total effective rate was 96.15%,which were significantly higher than those of the control group (χ2 =4.10,9.82,all P <0.05);After treatment,LVEDD and LVESD of the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment[(51.89 ±7.06)mm,(41.39 ±6.85)mm,(60.71 ±7.43)mm,(51.02 ±7.95)mm], LVEF[(52.31 ±9.02)% and (41.64 ±7.73)]were significantly higher than that before treatment,there were statistifically significant differences between the two groups(t =4.92,5.10,5.45,2.87,2.98,3.03,all P <0.05);After treatment,LVEDD[(51.89 ±7.06 )mm],LVESD [(41.39 ±6.85 )mm]of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group,and LVEF(52.31 ±9.02)% were significantly higher than that of the control group,there were statistifically significant differences between the two groups (t =3.02,2.98,2.97,all P <0.05);There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P >0.05).Conclusion Carvedilol combined with spironolactone can significantly improve the clinical effect of the treatment of elderly patients with chronic heart failure,effectively improve the left ventricular remodeling in patients with,improve myocardial contractility in patients and has good security.

Objective To analyze the level of satisfaction and its influencing factors in emergency patients, and to improve the satisfaction level of emergency patients. Methods The patients who visited the emergency department with the triage number ended with 1 from August 1 to August 15, 2015 in Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine were selected by the method of convenience and equidistant sampling, to take the Press Ganey′s Patient Satisfaction Questionnaires which were collected and analyzed at the end of the patient's emergency treatment. Results A total of 200 cases were investigated. Patient experience overall satisfaction was (91.64 ± 8.74) points. There were no significant differences in satisfaction between the gender, age, place of residence, the investigator, the clinic department, the time to wait, whether the first visit and the previous stay in hospital (P>0.05). The correlation between the satisfaction score and the patient's education, prognosis was less (r=-0.251,0.262, P =0.009,0.018) , but more higher correlated with the service attitude of ancillary hospital staff, nursing staff in the provision of nursing instructions, nursing staff can protect the privacy, the waiting time of the triage and the doctor′s explanation of the treatment of the disease (r=0.79-0.84, P<0.05). Conclusions The service attitude of the ancillary hospital staff, nursing staff in the provision of care instructions and privacy protection, and the waiting time of the triage and the doctor′s explanation of the treatment are the most important factors influencing the patients′ satisfaction in emergency department which also will be the key content for us to improve the patients′experience and satisfaction inemergency patients.

Objective To study the FDG SUVmax cutoff values in detection of metastases in mediastinal lymph nodes (MLN) and hilar/intralobar lymph nodes (HILN) in pre-operative patients with N0-2 stage NSCLC.Methods A total of 69 patients with stage N0-2 NSCLC (40 males,29 females,age 36-87 years) were included in this retrospective study.18F-FDG PET/CT was performed and followed by lung cancer resection with lymph node dissection in 1 month.The excised lymph nodes were compared one by one between their SUVmax and histopathology.The SUVmax cutoff value in detection of lymph node metastases was determined by the ROC curve.Mann-Whitney u test,x2 test,and Fisher exact test were used for data analysis.Results Metastatic MLN and (or) HILN were found in 21 of 69 NSCLC patients.The histopathologic results demonstrated metastases in 61 of 339 lymph nodes.The SUVmax of metastatic lymph nodes (4.95(3.46,7.19)) was significantly higher than that of benign lymph nodes (2.10(1.59,3.22);z=-7.576,P＜0.05).The SUVmax of metastatic HILN (6.32 (4.28,8.27)) was significantly higher than that of metastatic MLN (3.90(2.12,6.41);z=-2.921,P＜0.05).With cutoff of SUVmax ≥2.5,the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy in detection of all metastatic lymph nodes were 83.6％ (51/61),61.9％ (172/278)and 65.8％ (223/339) respectively,and the parameters were 74.2％ (23/31),79.6％ (160/201) and 78.9％ (183/232) for metastatic MLN,and 93.3％ (28/30),15.6％ (12/77) and 37.4％ (40/107) for metastatic HILN.The diagnostic sensitivities for metastatic MLN and for metastatic HILN were not significantly different (Fisher exact test,P＞0.05),while the specificities and accuracies between the two groups were significantly different (x2 values:96.7 and 56.1,both P＜0.05).According to ROC curves,cutoff values of SUVmax in detecting metastatic MLN and metastatic HILN were 2.78 and 4.93.With the specific cutoff value,the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy in detection of metastatic MLN were 71.0％ (22/31),87.1％ (175/201)and 84.9％(197/232),respectively.The corresponding data in detection of metastatic HILN were 73.3％ (22/30),77.9％(60/77) and 76.6％(82/107).Conclusion Different cutoff values of SUVmax in detecting metastatic MLN and metastatic HILN should be considered for more accurate lymph nodes staging in patients with NSCLC.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of using low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) along with donepezil in the rehabilitation of aphasia after cerebral infarction. Methods Fortythree aphasic patients with acute cerebral infarction were assigned into a treatment group or a control group.Both groups received standard basic treatment for acute cerebral infarction.From day 7 on,both groups received oral donepezil hydrochloride (5 mg/d) for 12 consecutive weeks.The treatment group received in addition 2 sessions of low frequency rTMS on the language center of the right hemisphere.The first session started at day 7 after onset,and each session consisted of rTMS on 10 consecutive days (once per day).There was a resting interval of 3 d between the two sessions.The rehabilitation of the aphasia was assessed prior to and after each session,and at the end of the entire 12 weeks of treatment using the western aphasia battery ( WAB ) scoring system and the aphasia quotient (AQ). Results There was no significant difference between the two groups after the first session in terms of the WAB or AQ results.However,the difference in improvement became statistically significant after the second session,as well as at the end of the entire 12 weeks.The average change in AQ was significantly greater in the treatment group. Conclusion Donepezil combined with rTMS early in the acute phase of cerebral infarction is helpful for the rehabilitation of aphasia.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects of repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) at high and low frequency for the rigidity and tremors of Parkinson's disease (PD).Methods Sixty-nine patients with PD received rTMS at 5 Hz or 0.5 Hz.The efficacy was assessed using the unified Parkinson's disease rating scale (UPDRS),motor function tests and motor evoked potentials (MEPs).Results Thirty-two patients with rigidity from PD received 5 Hz rTMS therapy,and their UPDRS total scores decreased significantly.Their motor function test results improved significantly and their MEP relaxed motor thresholds were significantly elevated.Thirtyseven patients with tremors from PD received 0.5 Hz rTMS therapy,and their UPDRS total scores were significantly decreased.Their motor function test results improved significantly and their MEP relaxed motor thresholds were significantly elevated.Conclusion High frequency rTMS may improve the symptoms of patients with PD rigidity and low frequency rTMS may improve the symptoms of patients with PD tremors.