Objective To evaluate the value of two-dimensional (2D) and color Doppler ultrasonography and B-blood flow (B-flow) in quick screening for venous diseases of the lower extremities in late pregnant women. Methods Sixty late pregnant women excluding other-cause blood vessel diseases were recruited during September 2007 to January 2008 and underwent 2D and color Doppler ultrasonography and B-blood flow examinations for diameter and blood flow velocity of the veins in their both lower extremities during prenatal and postnatal periods to record intravenous condition, activities of the venous valve and venous valvular regurgitation in detail. Results Diameters of the veins in beth lower extremities of the late pregnant women widened significantly during prenatal period, as compared to that in postnatal period [(11.5±1.5) mm vs. (8.4±1.0) mm, t =7.14, P <0.01] and their blood flow velocity slowed down significantly in prenatal period than that in postnatal period [(11.5±4.0) cm/s vs. (29.7±6.9) cm/s, t =-15.74, P <0.01]. Spontaneous enhancement phenomenon could be shown in their veins in 57 of 60 (95%) pregnant women by 2D and color Doppler ultrasonography, but could not be shown by 2D and color Doppler uhrasonography in the poplitel veins in 21 pregnant women (35%) or in the small and great saphenous veins in 39 pregnant women (65%), which should be activated by B-flow. Venous valvular regurgitation occurred in the great saphenous veins and the superficial femoral veins in 24 percent of pregnant women during prenatal period, and small venous valve bag thrombus formed in 20 percent of the superficial femoral veins and 10 percent of the great saphenous veins, but disappeared two weeks after delivery, without formation of pulmonary embolism. Conclusion Tow-dimentional and color Doppler ultrasonography and B-blood flow examinations can be used in late pregnant women to quickly screen for venous diseases in their lower extremities.

According to the course character and training objective, we analyzed the necessity of the experiment teaching reform of microbiology examination . The modules of employable Skills (MES) was applied to the experiment teaching of microbiology examination tentatively. On the basis of the needs of microbiology laboratory jobs, the contents of experimental course were integrated and optimized to skills module , comprehensive training module and application module , which include fourteen study units such as basic techniques of identification of bacteria,the separation and identifi-cation of pathogenic bacteria, microbiology examination of clinical specimen etc. Intensive teaching and multiplex teaching methods were applied to each module according to the module's characteristic, teaching objectives and cognitive rules of students. This teaching reform has achieved initial results.

Objective To investigate the effect of angina treated with Danhong injection plus nitroglycerin injection.Methods A total of 108 patients with angina were randomly divided into a treatment group (56cases) and a control group (52 cases).The control group was treated by conventional therapy (injected nitroglycerin injection lOmg added in normal sodium 48ml by venous pumping within 8 hours,once daily for 10 days);on the base of the conventional therapy,the treatment group treated with additional danhong injection (30ml,added in 5% glucose injection 250ml,iv,q.d.,once daily for ten days).Observe changes of electrocardiography and physical signs before and after the therapy.Results The total effective rate of the treatment group is 92.84%,contrasting 82.68% in the control group (P＜0.05).Conclusion It is effective to treat angina with Danhong injection plus nitroglycerin injection.

Objective To observe the effect of morroniside on cerebral infarction volume in focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rat model.Methods The animal model was induced by occlusion of middle cerebral artery with suture embolus, ischemia for 30 minutes, and reperfusion for 7 days. The infarction volume was measured by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride(TTC) staining technique.Results Compared with sham operation group, the cerebral infarction volume ratios increased obviously in model group and in the drug-treated（90 mg/kg，270 mg/kg）groups. Compared with model group, the cerebral infarction volume ratios decreased obviously in the morroniside-treated（90 mg/kg，270 mg/kg）group,while the cerebral infarction volume ratios in vitamin E-treated（35 mg/kg）group didn't change.Conclusion Morroniside may decrease the cerebral infarction volume after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. It possesses protective effect against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Objective:To investigate the expression patterns of E-cadherin and P-cadherin in murine-tooth germs at early developmental stages .Methods:Mandible samples of CD 1 mice from embryonic day 12 .5 to postnatal day 3 .5 were collected .The expressions of E-cadherin and P-cadherin in murine man-dibular first molar germs were detected by immunofluorescence and observed under confocal fluorescence microscope .HE staining was performed for tissue morphology .Results:Both E-cadherin and P-cadherin were widely expressed in the epithelial tissues through early developmental stages .The E-cadherin ex-pression was increased in polarizing pre-ameloblasts , whereas the P-cadherin expression declined .The expression of the P-cadherin could be detected in epithelial tissues before bud stage , and expressed in mature ameloblasts at secretory stage .Conclusion:The E-cadherin and P-cadherin expressed in different spatiotemporal expression patterns , indicating their individual functions during tooth development .P-cad-herin might function in the secretion and mineralization of enamel .

In order to adapt to the requirements of the modern clinical laboratory to medical laboratory technology personnel operation ability,our hospital has modified professional microbiology experiment course to modular teaching from the traditional teaching mode.In the process of teaching experiment,the experiment course and clinical practice class are arranged,and the experiment course of microbiology is divided into five modules:basic skills,application,comprehensive training,extension,and clinical practice module.Basic skills module focuses on the foundation that students learn to observe the microbial morphology and master the basic operation technology,at the same time,cultivates the students' sterile ideas and biological safety;Application module pays attention to the detection of various types of bacteria,lets the student have as many times of trying as possible,battle-hardened;Comprehensive training module emphasizes students' ability of analyzing and resolving problems;Extension module guides students actively to make diffusing thinking and comprehensive analysis of problems;The final clinical practice module that combines theory and practice,further consolidates the basic operation skills,cultivates students' comprehensive ability,improves students' the independent working ability and professional thinking and habits.Five modules link up with each other closely and have progressive layers of the process.In sum,modular teaching motivates the students' interest in learning,solves the problem of students' insufficient operating ability,improves the teaching effect and provides a reform method for improving the quality of microbiological test experiment.

Objective To evaluate the roles of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2),TLR4 and myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) in immune recognition and immune mediation in sporotrichosis by detecting their expressions in skin lesions of sporotrichosis.Methods Biopsy specimens were obtained from the skin lesions of 19 patients with sporotrichosis and normal skin of 12 healthy human controls.Immunohistochemistry was performed to observe the expressions of TLR4 and MyD88,and real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR to quantify the expressions of TLR2 and MyD88 mRNAs.Data were expressed as mean ± standard error.Statistical analysis was done with the SPSS17.0 software.Independent samples t-test was conducted to compare the parameters between the lesional and control specimens.A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Results TLR4 and MyD88 were mainly observed in the whole epidermis except the stratum corneum as well as plasma cells and lymphocytes in the dermis and subcutaneous tissue in lesional skin.However,TLR4 was nearly absent and MyD88 was weakly expressed in the dermis and subcutaneous tissue in normal skin.The expression levels of TLR4 and MyD88 were significantly higher in the lesional skin than in the control skin (TLR4,63.767 ± 3.829 vs.5.167 ± 3.246,t =4.82,P ＜ 0.05; MyD88,57.236 ± 4.744 vs.10.588 ± 1.640,t =3.30,P ＜ 0.05).Similarly,the lesional skin showed significantly stronger expressions of TLR2 and MyD88 mRNAs compared with the normal skin (TLR2,1.974 ± 1.452 vs.1.430 ± 1.073,P ＜ 0.05; MyD88,2.028 ± 2.061 vs.0.688 ± 0.422,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Sporothrix may induce the development of sporotrichosis by interacting with host immune system via TLR signaling pathways.

Objective:To investigate associations between glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in population who underwent periodic heath examination.Methods:A total of 912 subjects were selected from the health examination adults in University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital from June to November 2013,and they were assigned into a NAFLD group,an else hepatic disease group,and a control group.The physical examination results of these subjects were analyzed retrospectively.Results:The prevalence of NAFLD was 29.7％.The related factors such as age,body mass index,and the levels of systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,total cholesterol,triglyceride,low density lipoprotein cholesterol,fasting glucose,HbA1c and alanine aminotransferase in the NAFLD group were higher than those in the else hepatic disease group and the control group (P＜0.05).Aspartate aminotransferase levels in the NAFLD group were higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05).High density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in the NAFLD group were lower than those in the else hepatic disease group and the control group (P＜0.05).According to the quartile of HbAlc level,these subjects were divided into 4 groups,Q1,Q2,Q3,and Q4,and the prevalence of NAFLD in the Q1,Q2,Q3,and Q4 were 17.5％,21.5％,31％,and 59.4％,respectively.The prevalence of NAFLD increased along with the increase in the level of HbAlc (x2=100.092,P＜0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factor for NAFLD was increased in the subjects of Q4 as compared with the subjects of Q1 after adjusting for the related factors including age,gender,body mass index,etc.Conclusion:There is a positive correlation between the prevalence of NAFLD and HbAlc level,and the risk of NAFLD increases with the elevating level of HbA1c.High HbA1c level is an independent risk factor for NAFLD.Thus it should be listed as a routine medical test in the health examination.

A method of ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry ( UPLC-Q-TOF MS) was developed to determine 35 kinds of illegally added chemical fungicides in pesticide formulations. The samples were pretreated based on the ultrasonic extraction by the solvent of methanol, and then separated on a Zorbax C18(100 mm×1. 8 mm, 2. 1 μm) column by a gradient elution with 0. 1% formic acid aqueous solution and acetonitrile as the mobile phase. The mass spectrometer was operated under positive mode. Under the optimal conditions, the recoveries at three spiked levels (0. 2, 0. 4, and 2. 0 mg/kg) were in the range of 81. 0%-101. 3% and the RSDs were 1. 0%-4. 4%. Based on the developed method, 100 samples were analyzed, and among which 6 samples were screened out chemical fungicides. The proposed method was high-efficient, accurate and reliable for the qualitatively screening of illegaly added chemical fungicides.

Objective To investigate the changes of peripheral insulin resistance after lipid infusion and the effect of N-acetylcystein(NAC) intervention.Methods Thirty-seven normal male SD rats,eight weeks old,were randomly divided into three groups,FFA group,NS group and NAC group(using into NAC 300 mg/(kg?d) two weeks before infusion).Catheters were implanted into right atrium via the jugular vein and left carotid artery.A technique for a 48-h infusion in unrestrained rats was used for triglyceride and heparin or saline infusion.The infusion period started on day 2 after surgery.48-h after infusion,we determined free fat acid(FFA),nitrotyrosine,malonaldehyde(MDA),reduced glutathione hormone(GSH) level in plasma.The glucose infusion rat(GIR) was measured by hyperinsulinemia euglycemic clamp to evaluated the perpherial insulin resistance.The expressions of IRS-1,IRS-2 gene in muscle were detected by real time PCR.Results(1)The FFA,nitrotyrosine and MDA con-centrations in FFA group were higher than that in NS group,but GSH level in plasma was lower.NAC intervention could reverse these effects.(2)GIR was decreased significantly in FFA group as compared with NS group[(8.34?1.8)mg/(min?kg)] vs[(13.56?1.7)mg/(min?kg)],(P