Conventional radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery is generally delivered to the overall breast over a period of 5 to 6 weeks,but its negative effects are significant.With the development of radiotherapy techniques,achieving optimal curative effect with least invasion becomes the researchers aims.Intensitymodulated radiotherapy(IMRT) has come to the forefront as a potential alternative.IMRT attracts more and more attention ,and has a promising perspect.IMRT may become the standard treatment for early-stage breast cancer after breast conservation treatment.

Objective To investigate MRI features of malignant meningioma,in order to improve diagnostic rate of the disease preoperatively.Methods 18 cases with intact MRI materials proved operatively and pathologically were collected.Results Most tumors showed heterogeneous and low signal intensity on T 1WI,(16/18 cases),and heterogeneous and high signal intensity on T 2WI,(14/18cases). 15 of 18 cases showed significant but inhomogeneous contrast enhancement.The tumors were irregular or lobulated in contour with all or part of the border ill-defined. Conclusion Malignant meningiomas do have characteristic MRI features besides in common with benign ones.

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Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Multiple Myeloma ; pathology ; Neoplasm Invasiveness

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics,diagnosis and treatment of polycythemia vera(PV) transforming to acute myeloid leukemia(AML).Methods The clinical features and process of diagnosis and treatment in 4 cases of PV transforming to AML were analyzed.Results The case 1 had 10 years history of PV,after experiencing PV,had myelofibrosis and transformed to AML at the end stage of natural disease course;the case 2 had 7 years history of PV,orally took hydroxyurea(HU) treatment in recent 2 years and transformed to AML at present,his chromosome karyotype analysis showed 46,XY,del(7)(q31q36),del (18) (q22)[10],which was considered as treatment-related AML;the case 3 and 4 orally took H U for a long time after diagnosing HU,and respectively turned into AML during the pathologic polyemia stage after 6 and 7 years.Conclusion PV can be transformed to AML,the safety of HU in treatment should by paid attention to.

Acute Disease ; Humans ; Leukemia ; Rhabdomyosarcoma