AIM:To establish the quality standard for Xuesaitong Granule(total saponins of Radix et Rhizoma Notoginseng). METHODS:The contents of notoginsenoside R1,ginsenoside Rg1 and Rb1 were determined on the Shim-Pack C 18 (250 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m) column,with CH3CN—H2O gradual elution and monitored at 203 nm. RESULTS:The average recovery of notoginsenoside R1 was 100.0% (RSD=1.00%,n=6),the minimum detection quantity cannot be lower than 5% labelled weight. The average recovery of ginsenoside Rg1 was 99.8 % (RSD=0.47%,n=6),the minimum detection quantity cannot be lower than 20% labelled weight. The average recovery of ginsenoside Rb1 was 99.8% (RSD=0.79%,n=6),the minimum detection quantity cannot be lower than 30% labelled weight. CONCLUSION:The method is simple,reliable,accurate and can be applied to the quality control of Xuesaitong Granules.

AIM: To observe the liver protective effect of Sanqishentai Capsules (Radix Notoginseng, Herba Artemisiae Scopariae and Fructus Ziziph:Jujubae, etc.) in order to develop a series of compound Notoginseng. METHODS: By injecting CCl 4 in mouse's abdomen to cause the liver injury as model. The effect of the index of ALT, AST was mensurated that use the small, middle, big dosage of Sanqibaogan Capsules, at the same time the liver was examined in pathologic histology. RESULTS: The different dosages of Sanqishentai Capsules could obviously reduce the serum ALT, AST and the pathologic injury of the liver cells caused by CCl 4. CONCLUSION: Sanqibaogan Capsules have the obvious protection to the ocute and chemical liver injury of the mice.

AIM: To study toxicology of Sanqi Shuishu Capsule (SQSS) (Panax Notoginseng, Semen Ziziphi Spinosae; Fructus Schisandrae, etc). in order to establish a theoretical basic for clinical use. METHODS: With the aid of the acute toxicity tests, the inheritance toxicity tests, feeding the rat on trial research for 30 d, we observed the toxicology of SQ SS Capsule. RESULTS: SQ SS Capsule had not action of mutation, micronucleolus proliferation of rat's marrow polychrouiatic erythrocytes increase, and rat's sperm malformation. CONCLUSION: Poisonous effect has not been observed in SQ SS Capsule.

AIM: To establish the method for determing four effective components in Qidan Capsules(total saponin of Radix et Rhizoma Notoginseng,total phenolic acids of Radix et Rhizoma Salviae Miltiorrhizae) by RPHPLC. METHODS: The contents of ginsenoside Rg1、ginsenoside Rb1,notoginsenoside R1 were simultaneously determined by an HPLC system with Lichrospher C18(150 mm ? 4. 6 mm,5 ?m). The mixture of acetonitrile and water was used as the mobile phase and the flow rate was 1. 0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 203 nm. The content of salvianolic acid B was determined by an HPLC system with Lichrospher C18 (150 mm ? 4. 6 mm,5 ?m). The mobile phase was (formic acid-water)-(methanol-acetonitrile) = 62 ∶ 38. Formic acid-water (1 ∶ 59),Methanol-acetonitrile (30 ∶ 10),and the flow rate was 1. 0 mL/min and the detection wavelength was 286 nm. RESULTS: The linear ranges of notoginsenoside R1,ginsenoside Rg1,ginsenoside Rb1 and salvianolic acid B were 0. 472 1 - 2. 832 ?g(r = 0. 999 5),1. 734 - 10. 404 ?g (r = 0. 999 9),1. 732 - 10. 392 ?g (r = 0. 999 9),0. 4 - 4. 0 ?g (r = 0. 999 9) respectively. The average recoveries (n = 5) were 100. 32% ,99. 965% , 100. 285% and 101. 4% ,corresponding RSD were 1. 01% ,2. 53% ,2. 46% and 1. 88% respectively. CON-CLUSION: The results indicate that the HPLC method is simple,highly selective and reproducible; thus it can be used in the determination of the four components in Qidan Capsule.

By reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), an open reading frame of pathogenesis-related protein 1 (PR1) was isolated from Panax notoginseng and named as PnPR1. Molecular and bioinformatic analyses of PnPR1 revealed that an open reading frame of 501 bp was predicted to encode a 166-amino acid protein with a deduced molecular mass of 18.1 kD. Homology analysis showed that the deduced amino acid sequence of PR1 protein of Panax notoginseng had a high similarity with other higher plants had the same conservative structure domain of cysteine-rich secretory protein (CAP). The recombinant expressed plasmid pET28a(+)-PnPR1 was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21. The expression conditions were optimized by induction at different times, different temperatures, different IPTG concentrations and different giving times. The optimum expression condition was 0.4 mmol.L-1 IPTG at 28 degrees C for 20 h. The successful expression of PnPR1 provides some basis for protein purification and preparation of the monoclonal antibody.

Objective: To establish the optimum preparation process for Xuesaitong Dropping Pills(total saponin of Radix Notoginseng). Methods: On the basis of orthogonal design, preparation conditions were selected among sort of polyglycol (as substance), consumption of polyglycol and processing temperature of usoline (as cooling agent). Results: Under the condition of using polyglycol 6000, and processing temperature at 10～15 ?C , the quality of Xuesaitong Dropping Pills is good.

OBJECTIVETo explore the solution of continuous cropping obstacle of Panax notoginseng.

METHODThe effects of balanced fertilization and soil amendment on the emergence rate, survival rate, growth and yield of P. notoginseng were studied with a pot culture experiment in 3-year-interval continuous cropping soil.

RESULTThe result showed that the content of total N, total P, available N, available P and other available components in continuous cropping soil were higher than those in fresh soil while available K and the rate of K/N were declined, and available Cu and some other micro elements were lack. The way of balanced fertilization "low N + fused calcium-magnesium-phosphate fertilizer + high K + lime + micro elements" would significantly enhance the rate of survival, biomass and yield. It also promoted the growth of P. notoginseng in continuous cropping. The bagasse could relieve the continuous cropping obstacle obviously, the survival rate was improved for 31.6% and the yield of medicinal materials was 19.5%. The fly ash had also some effect in relieving the continuous cropping obstacle.

CONCLUSIONThe overall results suggested that the adequate fertilization plan is the applying lime, reducing N, applying calcium-magnesium-phosphate fertilizer, improving K and supplying mircoelement as well as applying bagasse to resolve the problem of continuous cropping obstacle of P. notoginseng.

Biomass ; Crops, Agricultural ; growth & development ; metabolism ; physiology ; Fertilization ; Nitrogen ; Panax notoginseng ; growth & development ; metabolism ; physiology ; Phosphates ; Soil ; chemistry

Characteristics of fructification and seed ripening of Panax stipuleanatus were studied in this paper with a view to better understand the species' biological characteristics and promote cultivation. Dynamic of fructification and types of fruits were observed in a period of 80 days. The seeds' biological characteristics were evaluated by observing embryo's vitality and changes in form in a period of 225 d. The findings and conclusions were as follows: A plant produces an average of (38.7 +/- 6.5) seeds; Seeds become fully mature 80 days after setting fruit, and fruits grow more rapidly in 0-40 days with an increase of 1 500.83% in fresh weight. Three types of fruits were found, that is mono-seed type, bi-seeds type and triple-seeds type, and the proportion is 9.53%, 58.66%, 1.81%, respectively. The seeds are (5.16-6. 52) mm in length and (3.12-4.95) mm in width. The weight of 1000 seeds is (0.648 +/- 0.014) g with a moisture content of (55.23 +/- 0.49)%. The after-ripening of embryo in Panax stipuleanatus is morphological form, embryos develop 75 days after the seeds' detaching from mother plant and become mature in 165-180 days with the ending of the process of after-ripening. The vitality of embryo reaches 70% , and the length of embryo is (3.217 +/- 0.406) mm and the width (0.872 +/- 0.165) mm. The seeds will germinate in 195 d.
Fruit ; growth & development ; Germination ; physiology ; Kinetin ; biosynthesis ; metabolism ; physiology ; Panax ; chemistry ; physiology ; Physiological Phenomena ; Seeds ; physiology