Echinococcosis is a severe zoonosis parasitic disease and mainly caused by the larvae of Echinococcus granulosus and E. multilocularis. Because of the limitation of operation level,such as recurrence and death,the drug treatment is still the most important method in our country. Meanwhile,the annual number of drug treatments is far greater than surgical treatments. Drugs play a significant role in the preoperative reduction of lesions,reducing pain,extending the life of patients .This article re-views the status of animals treatment and clinical treatment of echinococcosis treated by the benzimidazole drugs and their new formulations,provides the basis for exploring the development direction of anti-echinococcosis drug treatment research.

Objective Two single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)in TBX1 gene,G2857C(rs737868)and G2963A(rs28649236),were chosen to investigate their distribution in contruncal defects(CTD)patients and normal controls in order to determine the relationship between TBX1 gene and CTD.Methods By PCR-RFLP,genotypes of these two SNPs were analyzed in 100 patients with CTD and 100 normal controls during Mar.2004 to May.2006. 2 test was applied to analyze the genotype frequency and allele frequency between CTD groups and control groups.Results Remarkable significance were observed at G2963A between CTD groups and normal controls,the G allele frequency in CTD groups were much higher than that in normal controls(?2=5.30,P

Objective To evaluate the application of transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) with severe pulmonary hypertention using the Amplatzer occluder device.Methods Fifty-one cases of PDA with severe pulmonary hypertention were treated by transcatheter closure with Amplatzer occluder. Patients mean age was 9.4 years (ranging 3 months to 60 years) and the mean weight was (18.7?13.8) kg (ranging 5.0 to 65.0 kg). The mean PDA diameter at its narrowest segment was (7.0?2.4) (ranging 3.0 to 15.0) mm. The achievement of permanent transcatheter closure was decided according to the change of the pulmonary arterial pressure, aortic pressure and oxygen saturation. Results The devices were successfully placed in all patients except one failure owing to the resistance of pulmonary hypertention. The systolic pulmonary pressure decreased from (84.7?13.5) (range 70 to 137) to mmHg to (46.1?14.9) (24 to 109)mmHg, and the mean pulmonary pressure decreased from (65.0?11.5) (42 to 97) mmHg to (31.3?11.6) (14 to 69) mmHg. Complete angiographic closure was seen 10 minutes after the device deployment in 30 out of 50 patients (60%), while trivial to small leak was present in 20 (40%). Complete echocardiographic closure was demonstrated in 49 out of 50 patients (98%) at 10 min, and 100% at 6-month follow-up in all patients. There were no PDA recanalization and migration of devices after the complete occlusion during following up.Conclusion Transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus with severe pulmonary hypertention by using the Amplatzer occluder is a safe and effective interventional method with excellent short-term and middle-term results.

To sum up the experience in diagnosis and differential diagnosis in complicated cyanotic congenital heart defects, the clinical symptoms,physical signs, electrocardiogram, echocardiography and angiocardiography were analysed retrospectively in 2 366 patients with six kinds of common cardiac deformities. The results suggest that: ①It is helpful in diagnosis to grasp unusual symptoms and physical signs; ②Specific electrocardiographic features and X ray findings are valuable in diagnosis and differential diagnosis; ③ Echocardiography is significant in the diagnosis, but it can not show the branches of pulmonary arteries.Its diagnostic rate is 97 2%; ④Angiocardiography can clearly display the pulmonary arteries, and it is valuable for surgical operation, its diagnostic rate is 98 1%.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of interventional therapy of patent ductus arteriosus(PDA).Methods A total of 941 patients(259 male and 682 female) with PDA admitted from March 1998 to August 2007,aged from 3 months to 74 years old(mean age 13.7?14.5 years old) were included in this study.The clinical characteristics and the outcomes of the therapy were retrospestively studied.Results These PDA types were classified according to Krichenko's classification by aortic angiography.Among all the patients,641 of then(68.1%) had type A PDA,11 patients(1.1%) had type B,202 patients(21.5%) had type C,8 patients(0.85%) had type D and 79 patients(8.4%) had type E PDA.The ranges for the minimun inner diameter of PDA was 1.2-1.5(4.6?2.9) mm,the inner diameter of aorta end was 2.0-32.7(11.1?5.7) mm,the length was 2-42.6(6.7?3.3) mm and the mean pulmonary arterial pressure was 9.7-106(34.7?19.4) mm Hg.Various occlusion devices were used to close the PDA including AGA mushroom occluder in 146 patients,AGA atrioseptal defect device in 2 patients,homemade PDA ductal occluders in 720 patients,homemade membranous ventricular septal defect device in 18 patients,homemade muscular ventricular septal defect device in 6 patients, eccentricity PDA devices in 18 patients and Germany pfm spring coil in 31 patients.Transcather closure was unsuccessful in 7 patietns and the success rate of operation was 99.3%(934/941).Conclusion Most patients can be cured by catheterization closure.To master procedural indication and accurate manipulation skill can reduce the procedural complications.The procedures should be handled carefully in infants or patients with pulmonary artery hypertension.The evaluation of pulmonary artery pressure is the key point prior to the interventional therapy.The experience on long-term efficacy of transcatheter PDA closure in patients complicated with pulmonary artery hypertension needs further exploration.

Objective To probe into the imaging characteristics and regularity of color Doppler echocardiography(CDE) in congenital coronary artery fistula(CAF) in adults. Methods CDE was used to examine 31 adult patients with CAF and the imaging characteristics and regularity were observed. Angiocardiography was performed in 26 cases. Seven of the 31 cases were treated interventionally and 24 of them surgically. Results Of the 31 patients, 29 were correctly diagnosed according to the CDE characteristics (diagnosis accuracy was 93.5%) and all the complicated anomalies were correctly diagnosed. artery is the origin and whichever heart chamber is the entry site of the fistula, the left atrium and the left showed abnormal blood flow signals in the heart chamber into which the fistula drained and in pulmonary drained into the right ventricle was more common than that into the right atrium, the left atrium, the left or the pulmonary artery was easily misdiagnosed because left ventricular systolic pressure was equal to aortic pressure which made the abnormal blood flow in CDFI indistinct. Conclusions CDE showed obvious imaging characteristics and regularity for CAF in adults and has specific value for the diagnosis of this disease. But CAF that drained into the left ventricle or the pulmonary artery is easily misdiagnosed.

Objective:To study the relationship between serum soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1(sICAM-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), placenta growth factor(PLGF), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1(VEGFR1, Flt-1), soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1(sVEGFR1, sFlt-1) mRNA expression in placenta tissue of preeclampsia(PE). Methods: The serum level of sICAM-1 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and gene expression of placenta tissue was detected by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR). Results:(1)The average serum level of sICAM-1 was(218.45±29.93) μg/L in PE group compared with (168.84±19.39) μg/L in controls(P < 0.01).(2)The mRNA expressions of VEGF, PLGF, Flt-1 and sFlt-1 were increased in placenta of PE than those in controls (P < 0.01).(3)There was a positive correlation between the serum level of sICAM-1 and the sFlt-1 mRNA expression in placenta tissue(r = 0.90, P < 0.01). Conclusion: The serum level of sICAM was increased in the patients with PE. The expressions of VEGF, PLGF, Flt-1 and sFlt-1mRNA were increased remarkably in the placenta tissue of palients with PE,especial for sFlt-1. The remarkable increase for expression of sFlt-1mRNA may contribute to endothelial dysfunction, hypertension and proteinuria.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of laparoscopic surgery on gynecologic malignancies,providing information for the clinical therapy.Methods 35 patients with gynecologic malignancies treated with laparoscopic surgery were selected as the observation group.While 35 cases of abdominal surgery patients were selected as control group at the same period.The incidence of postoperative complications,survival rate and other conditions of the two groups were observed and compared.Results The operation time of laparoscopic surgery group was longer than open surgery group,no significant difference between the two groups(P ＞ 0.05 ).Blood loss,hospital slay and recovery time of body temperature of the laparoscopic surgery group was significantly lower than open surgery group ( P ＜0,05).2 cases had urinary retention,1 urinary tract infection and 1 deep vein thrombosis occured in observation group; while 3 urinary retention cases,1 intestinal obstruction case,1 deep vein thrombosis case,1 abdominal wound infection case occured in control group,and the difference was significant ( P ＜ 0.05 ).2 patients lost in each group.3-year survival rate of laparoscopic surgery group was similar with open surgery,the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant( P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusion Excision and pelvic lymph node dissection under laparoscopy is an effective method in treatment of gynecologic cancer,and with less trauma and faster recovery.

Objective To investigate the follicle development and pregnancy in clomiphene citrate-resistant patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) after transvaginal follicular aspiration and gonadotropin administration. Methods Seventeen clomiphene citrate-resistant patients with PCOS failed to gonadotropin treatment associated with ovarian hyperstimulation syndrone(OHSS). They are anovulatory infertility with normal tubal and husbands'sperm condition. In this treatment regimen,all patients was administered with gonadotropin from day 5 of menstrual cycle(or withdrawal bleeding) and were asked to undergo ultrasound-guided transvaginal follicular aspirations for 5 days later. Only one or two follicles for every ovary were remained and gonadotropin administration was continued. A follicle development,ovulation rate,pregnancy rate and sex hormone were monitored. Results Fifteen of the 17 patients experienced dominant follicles development and ovulation. 9 of them with one(52.9%) ,4 with two(23.5%) and 2 with three(11.8%) dominant follicles ovulated and pregnancy occurred in 7 patiends(41.2%). All of pregnancy are singleton. Conclusion A single follicle development and singleton pregnancy can be realized in clomiphene citrate-resistant PCOS patients by combined ultrasound-guided transvaginal follicular asperation with gonadotropin administration.