Part of undergraduates were recruited from the universities round Xueyuan Road, Haidian district in Beijing. Self-administered questionnaire were conducted, on the basis of the status quo of students in understanding the environmental and health knowledge, attitude, behavior (KAP), to analyse the need for environmental health educational courses setting among undergraduates and to afford related suggestions on contents and methods for the course.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the management and sanitation status of the air circumstance in laminar flow operating rooms of grade two and above hospitals in Beijing.METHODS Air surveillance methods,cleaning methods of intakes,cleaning status of pipelines and frequency of renewing filter systems were investigated through interviewing charge nurse of 18 hospitals by questionnaires.RESULTS 50.0% of pipelines had never been cleaned,14.3% of intakes had never been cleaned.Air surveillance method of all hospitals was using sedimentation,with a low sensitivity.The monitoring systems were poor in 50.0% of hospitals.CONCLUSIONS Now there is only requirements of construction standard of clean surgery region,lacking routine regulations and technologies of contamination controlling standard,nor available dynamic contamination controlling system.Potential hazard exists in routine regulations of laminar flow operating room and it demands for making contamination controlling standard urgently in hospitals.

AIM: To investigate and optimize the technology of ultrasonic-assisted extraction of arctiin and arctigenin from Fructus arctii.METHODS: The effects of ultrasonic power,particle size,ratio of liquid to solid,extraction time,extraction temperature and duty factor on the extraction rates of arctiin and arctigenin were investigated,and optimized with orthogonal experiments.RESULTS: The results showed that the optimal extraction conditions were as follows: particle 80 ～ 100 mesh 14 mL/g,ratio of liquid to solid 400 W ultrasonic power,50 ℃ of extraction temperature,and 10 min of extraction time.CONCLUSION: The optimized conditions are reasonable and reliable.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of interventional therapy via apical approach in complex mitral valve paravalvular leakage (PVL).Methods From January 2014 to December 2016,interventional therapy by apical approach was used in 7 patients with mitral valve PVL after mechanical valve replacement.There were 5 male and 2 female with mean age of 42-64 (51.3 ± 7.1) years.Six patients had a history of previous infective endocarditis.There were 3 cases of NYHA heart function =Ⅲ,and 4 cases =Ⅳ.The period of time between interventional therapy and previous operation was 6.5-8 (3.6 ± 3.1) years,with mitral regurgitation volume:9.5-23.1 (13.3 ± 4.7)ml.Interventional therapy of small incision method via the left sixth intercostal was carried out in the catheterization laboratory or the hybrid operation room with the patient under general anesthesia.Follow-up evaluation included peri-operational mortality,complications,improvement of cardiac function,hemolysis and postoperative residual mitral regurgitation.Results The success rate of total operation was 100％.The average operation time was 90-300 (145.7 ± 71.8) min,and the DSA radiation time was 6-25 (12.1 ± 6.5)min,with average hospitalization time of 5-12 (10.2 ± 3.5)d.The main post-operative complications included 1 case of hemoptysis,1 case of hematuria and acute renal failure,and 2 cases of blood transfusion,with blood transfusion volume of 1 200 ml and 3 290 ml,respectively.During the follow-up,there was no death.Mitral regurgitation volume decreased to 0 -1.0(0.43 ± 0.45) ml (P ＜ 0.05).All patients had improved heart function in different degree and no serious complications.Conclusions Interventional therapy via apical approach in complex mitral valve PVL has the advantages of being a simpler and safer approach,less trauma,shorter time of hospitalization,faster post-operative recovery and lower treatment cost.Its disadvantages are high difficult operation,strict indications and high technical requirements for the surgeon.By improving operation skills,choosing individualized occluders and treatment of early hemolytic complications,the success rate and long-term effect of interventional therapy can get further improved.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the effects of PIK3CA on the sensitivity of acute B lymphocytic leukemia cells (Nalm-6 cells) to chemotherapy drugs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Children's normal B lymphocytes and Nalm-6 cells were cultured. Nalm-6 cells were transfected with PIK3CA siRNA (siPIK3CA group) or its negative control (PIK3CA-Control group). Normal Nalm-6 cells were named Mock group. Nalm-6 cells transfected by PIK3CA siRNA were treated with Akt inhibitor (siPIK3CA+Akti-1/2 group). mRNA and protein expression was detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Proliferation and sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs was detected by MTT assay. Cell cycle and apoptosis was explored by low cytometry. Transwell assay was performed to test invasion. RESULTS: PIK3CA mRNA (p=0.008) and protein (p=0.006) expression was higher in Nalm-6 cells than that in normal B lymphocytes. Compared with the Mock group and PIK3CA-Control group, Nalm-6 cells of the siPIK3CA group had lower OD495 values (all p < 0.05) and invasion cell numbers (p=0.03 and p=0.025), as well as a higher proportion of G0/G1 phase cells (p=0.020 and p=0.022), percentage of apoptosis (p=0.016 and p=0.022), and inhibition rate (all p < 0.05). pAkt expression in the siPIK3CA group (p=0.026 and p=0.031) and siPIK3CA+Akti-1/2 group (p=0.019 and p=0.023) was lower than that in the Mock group. CONCLUSION: PIK3CA silencing inhibited Nalm-6 cell proliferation and invasion, and promoted their apoptosis and sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs, potentially through regulation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
Apoptosis ; B-Lymphocytes ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Count ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Proliferation ; Drug Therapy ; Leukemia ; Leukemia, B-Cell ; Phosphorylation ; RNA, Messenger ; RNA, Small Interfering

Objective To study the effects of team-ladder training model on the training of new nurses in the wound care center.Methods After making training goals and content, the team-ladder training model was used to train new nurses, and the completion was observed.Results By the team-ladder training model, the basic knowledge and practice ability of new nurses were improved significantly.Besides, after the repeated interacted training and practice, the ability of literature retrieval, conclude document, speech skills and expression were improved significantly as well.After two-year training, the mean score of reading report increased from 77 to 88.The case report trained the ability of analyzing the problem, problem-solving and basic research ability.All the nurses had published articles at core journals within the two-year training.The group of new nurses took the first place in the nursing article report session.Conclusions The team-ladder training model can enhance the overall strength of nursing management, improve the team’ s cohesion and promote the whole development of the department.

Objective To analyze the characteristics and the effect of nursing invention on repeated sebaceous cyst infection. Methods 38 cases of repeated sebaceous cyst infection were selected from February 2013 to February 2014, and surveyed the demographic data, living habits and diet structure, location, primary disease control, local wound treatment and other aspects. They were given the nursing intervention for 6 months of follow up and observed the effects. Results Within the patients, most of them were at the age from 18 to 30 years old or over 50 years old. 65. 79% patients were male. The hip infection accounted for 44. 73% patients. Staphylococcus aureus infection accounted for 71. 05% patients. 52. 63% patients had hyperglycemia, and 47. 36% patients had dyslipidemia. The nursing intervention included dietary guidance, exercise instruction and local wound care nursing intervention. 38 patients all had the wound healed. The healing time were (25. 71 ± 10. 66) days and had no relapse within 6 months of follow up. Conclusions The relapse of sebaceous cyst infection was associated with male gender, inappropriate living habits, blood glucose and dyslipidemia. Balanced diet, appropriate activities, control of blood glucose and blood lipid, individualized wound care is helpful for wound healing and recurrence control.

Objective:To clarify the connotation of clown care by conceptual analysis of clown care, so as to provide references for clinical nursing work.Methods:Literature related to clown care was searched in PubMed, EBSCO, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang Database and VIP, and the search period was from the establishment of the databases until August 31, 2022. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, literature was screened. The Rodgers evolutionary concept analysis method was adopted to analyze the relevant contents of clown care from aspects of development history, definition and evolution, conceptual attributes, typical cases, antecedents, consequences and identification of related concepts.Results:A total of 463 articles were retrieved, and 94 were finally included, including 8 Chinese articles and 86 English articles. At present, there was no unified and comprehensive definition of clown care. It included 5 conceptual attributes, such as support relationship, individuation, interaction, flexibility and empowerment. The antecedents included demographic, clown, and social factors, and the consequences mainly included the effect on the patient's health status, negative emotions of medical staff, clown care skills and creativity.Conclusions:Clarifying the concept of clown care can provide clear conceptual support for the research on clown care, and provide references for the construction of scientific clown care program.

Objective To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of well-differentiated rectal neuroendocrine tumor(RNET).Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted using the clinical data from 83 patients with well-differentiated RNET from August 2017 to December 2021,including clinical manifestations,endoscopy,endoscopic treatment,postoperative complications,postoperative pathology,follow-up and prognosis.Pathological results according to the 2019 World Health Organization(WHO)Classification of digestive system tumors,83 patients were divided into G1 stage group(72 cases)and G2 stage group(11 cases);Based on the number of tumors in the patient,83 patients were divided into two groups:single RNET group(77 cases)and multiple RNET group(6 cases),the expressions of chromogranin A(CgA),synapsin(Syn)and CD56 were compared among different groups.Results Based on pathological findings in the group,G1 stage group CgA positive rate was significantly higher than that of G2 stage group,the difference was statistically significant(χ2 = 4.23,P = 0.040);Based on the number of tumors,multiple RNET group CgA positive rate was significantly higher than that of single RNET group,the difference was statistically significant(χ2 = 5.74,P = 0.017).It was no significant difference in Syn and CD56 between the two groups(P＞0.050).Conclusion Well-differentiated RNET has no specific clinical manifestations.It is mostly isolated in G1 stage and single RNET.ESD is safe and has a good prognosis,the positive rate of CgA is higher in G1 stage patients,and the positive rate of CgA is higher in patients with multiple RNET.

Objective To investigate the working situation of trained wound care nurses.Methods Twelve wound care nurses tested by the nursing department were surveyed by the self -evaluation questionnaire .And the satisfaction to the trained wound care nurses in 120 nurses and patients were investigated .The prevention of pressure ulcers were compared between 2011 and 2012 .Results The satisfaction rate of nurse colleagues to the wound care nurses was 90.8%.After the train, the satisfactions to wound care skills , wound care method, health education and skin care were 91.7%, 92.5%, 100.0%and 83.3%, respectively.The satisfaction rates of patients to skin care evaluation , skin clean methods , wound treatment process , treatment effect and health education were 84.0%, 93.3%, 70.0%, 79.2% and 85.5%, respectively.The mean score of pressure ulcers prediction was (97.56 ±1.14) in 2011 and (99.63 ±0.40) in 2012, and the difference was statistically significant (t=-6.444, P<0.05).Conclusions The work of wound care nurses has been accepted by their colleagues and the patients , but the research ability , professional identity and professional development and education need further be strengthened .