Objective:To construct the recombinant eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1(+)/hFasL and investigate its transfection and transient expression in COS-7 cells.Methods:The full-length cDNA of hFasL was obtained from the plasmid vector pBluescript II KS(+)/hFasL cut with Xba I and then subcloned into eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1(+).The recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1(+)/hFasL was identified with restriction enzyme digestion and sequence analysis.It was then transfected into the COS-7 cells by Lipofectin Reagent and its expression was determined by immunocytochemical staining.Results:Restriction enzyme digestion analysis with XbaⅠ?DraⅡ?HindⅢ and DNA sequencing indicated the correct construction of the recombinant plasmid;Immunocytochemical staining showed the expession of hFasL on COS-7 cells.Conclusion:The construction and expression of the eukaryotic expression plasmid pcDNA3.1(+)/hFasL have been achieved successfully.

Objective To explore the clinical significance of immunohistochemistry (IHC) for determining the primary site of adenocarcinoma cells in pleural effusion cell block. Methods One hundred and eight cases of pleural effusion diagnosed as adenocarcinoma were collected by using liquid-based cytology from January 2013 to June 2016 in Yuncheng Central Hospital. Sediment cells were gathered through centrifuging and paraffin block was made, then 94 cases were selected for IHC detection. Results Among 94 cases of adenocarcinoma diagnosed by using liquid-based cytology, 92 cases were still diagnosed as adenocarcinoma by IHC, including 70 cases of lung source, 2 cases of breast, 6 cases of ovary, 8 cases of alimentary canal, 1 case of peritoneal serouspapillary carcinoma, and 5 cases of unknown source. The other 2 cases were diagnosed as mesothelial cells and mesothelial tumors respectively. Conclusion Pleural effusion cells block and multiple IHC can improve the tumor cell detection for the judgement of the benign and malignant tumor cells and differential diagnosis to find the primary site of tumors.

OBJECTIVE:To promote the effective development of hospital pharmaceutical care in China.METHODS:To analyse the disciplines closely related to hospital pharmaceutical care separately.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:Multidisci?plinary support is the basic feature of hospital pharmaceutical care.The cooperation among various technical persons is a deci?sive factor in effective development of hospital pharmaceutical care.

Primary hyperuricemia and gout are multifactorial conditions with strong genetic components. recently genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have revealed that several genes are related to primary hyperuricemia and gout which offers a thought for the research into the etiology, disease risk prediction, and prevention and treatment of this disease.

Objective To investigate the changes of cesarean section rate and indications in different level hospitals of different areas in China during 2000 to 2009. Methods Literatures published in Chinese journals on variation of cesarean section rate and indications from 2000 to 2009 were analyzed. Cochran-Armitage test was used to analyze the trend. The differences of cesarean section rate between different areas or different level hospitals were analyzed by chi-square test.Results Forty-nine papers were enrolled in this study.Cesarean section rate had risen from 2000 (32.1％,10 353/32 258) to 2009 (52.5％,3674/6992)(Z=-20.8267,P＜0.01).During 2000 to 2008,the average cesarean section rate of level one grade A hospital was 45.7％ (3754/8214),which was higher than 34.5％(25 015/72 507) in level three grade A hospital and 32.3％(28 140/87 121) in level two grade B hospital (P＜0.05,respectively).Except for level three grade A hospital,cesarean section rate had risen in the other two level hospitals during 2003 to 2008. The average cesarean section rate was 58.6％ (4982/8502) in northeast area during 2000 to 2007,which was higher than that of other areas (P＜0.01); and the average cesarean section rate was 27.5％ (12 264/44 595) in central China and 33.0％ (23 239/70 421) in southern China,which were lower than that of other areas (P＜ 0.01 ). Social factor,instead of dystocia,became the most important indication for cesarean section,and its proportion kept rising annually,from 11.3％ (1170/10 353) in 2000 to 27.1％(2094/7726) in 2008 and remained above 20.0％(5159/24 691) since 2004.The proportion of scar uterus rose from 6.7％(694/10 353) in 2000 to 12.5％ (459/3674) in 2009. Conclusions Cesarean section rate rises fast and its major indications had changed in China. It is suggested that special method should be taken to control the current situation.

Objective To construct the clinical core competence evaluation system of junior nurses by the Delphi method combined with Analytic Hierarchy Process method. Methods We consulted 20 nurse specialists by two-round Delphi method to find clinical core competence evaluation index of junior nurses. To determine the weight of each index by Analytic Hierarchy Process method. Results The expert′s judgment coefficient was 0.92, familiar coefficient was 0.96 and authority coefficient was 0.94. The coordination coefficients of one grade, two grade, three grade and all indexes were 0.42, 0.52, 0.54 and 0.51 respectively. There was statistical significance (P < 0.01). The variation coefficients of each indexes were less than 0.2 and the mean of important values were more than 3.5. The clinical core competence evaluation index system of junior nurses was established including 7 one grade indexes, 28 two grade indexes and 55 three grade indexes. Conclusions The clinical core competence evaluation system of junior nurses was scientific and reasonably. It can evaluate the clinical core competence of junior nurses effectively and can supply objective and quantitative standard for the assessment and appointment of junior nurses.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the level of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)? and the clinical features of multiple sclerosis(MS). Methods The TNF? level of 58 MS patients (MS group) was determined by means of sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The correlative analysis between level of TNF? and the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), the clinical data (including the duration of disease,the number of relapses and the age of onset) were take in MS patients. Results (1)TNF? level was significantly increased in MS acute stage compared with those in MS remission stage and healthy controls (P

OBJECTIVE To investigate pathogenic bacteria and prognosis of abdominal infection and take measures to prevent and control it.METHODS We analyzed the clinical material and prognosis of 31 patients with abdominal infection retrospectively according to the culture results of puncture and drain liquid from abdominal cavity from Nov 2007 to Nov 2008.RESULTS In 31 patients,5 were complicated with pulmonary infectionwhich the infection rate was 16.13%,and 7(22.58%) died.Totally 48 pathogenic strains were isolated from ascitic fluid culture,20 strains(41.67%) were Escherichia coli,11 strains(22.92%) were Enterococus.Some of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus,Streptococcus,Candida,Klebsiella pneumoniae,and Staphylococcus aureus were also isolated.The resistance rates of E.coli to cephalosporins were above 50.00%,to quinolones were above 65.00%.The susceptibility rates of E.coli to some ?-lactamases inhibitors and carbapenem were very high.The resistance rate of Enterococus to rifampicin was 63.64%,to piperacillin/tazobactam and piperacillin was 81.82%,to erythromycin was 100.00%.The susceptibility rates of Enterococus to teicoplanin,vancomycin,and linezolid were 100.00%.CONCLUSIONS The predominant pathogenic bacteria of abdominal infection are E.coli and Enterococcus.Abdominal infection tends to combine with pulmonary infection.The patients who got into multiple organ dysfunction syndrome have high mortality.

Objective To explore the effect of glycerol enemas used in different ways on the postoperative recovery of intestinal function.Methods Seventy-two patients after abdominal surgery were randomly divided into the control group and the experiment group:in the former group glycerol enema was injected into the anus 3~4 cm and in the latter group the enema was injected into anus 15 cm using a syringe connected to suction tube.The two groups were compared in terms of first time for anal exsufflation,time for defecation and abdominal distension.Results The first time for anal exsufflation and the time for defecation were both significantly shorter than the control group and the rate of abdominal distension was lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Injection of enema by connecting the syringe to a suction tube may be effective in promoting the recovery of intestinal function and lower the rate of abdominal distension.

Objective To explore the associations of preoperative plasma levels of platelet and fibrinogen with clinicopatho-logic parameters in rectal cancer patients after curative resection .Methods From January 2011 to February 2014 ,a total of 302 rec-tal cancer patients underwent curative resection .And their relevant clinical data were reviewed .The preoperative plasma levels of platelet and fibrinogen were examined ,the correlation of clinicopathologic findings .The logistic regression analysis was used for for multivariate analysis .Results (1)Elevated plasma levels of platelet were associated with histologic grade ,gross type ,degree of dif-ferentiation ,invasion depth ,tumor stage and lymph node involvement(P<0 .01) .(2)Elevated plasma levels of fibrinogen were asso-ciated with tumor stage and lymph node involvement(P<0 .01) ,but not with histologic grade ,gross type ,degree of differentiation , invasion depth(P>0 .05) .(3)Multivariate analysis showed that the platelet count ,fibrinogen ,ethnic ,degree of differentiation ,gross type were independent risk factors to rectal cancer(P<0 .01) .(3)PLT and FIB were correlated in tumor metastases(r=0 .348 ,P<0 .01) ,and the combined detection of them could increase the sensitivity and accuracy on prediction of tumor metastases .Conclusion Elevated plasma levels of platelet and fibrinogen are both associated with metastases in rectal cancer ,and the combined detection of them are important for the early diagnosis of rectal cancer metastases .