Emergency gastroscopy was performed for 146 patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage admitted to Tieying Hospital, Beijing to identify causes of bleeding and establish diagnosis. One hundred and thirty-nine of them were cured with endoscopic treatment, but two failed so to change to surgical operation. It suggested that early gastroscopy is a convenient, easy and safe method in diagnosis and treatment of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

Objective To identify knowledge structure and knowledge requirement of undergradu-ate course nursing teachers in our province, and offer corresponding training suggestions to construct teaching staff with reasonable knowledge structure. Methods The author adopted investigation method by giving questionnaire to 181 nursing teachers that assumed undergraduate course nursing education, the main content included general circumstance, knowledge structure and knowledge requirement of un-dergraduate course nursing teachers in Heilongjiang province. Results Nursing teachers in the fields of knowledge all had low score items, they most lacked foreign languages and expertise knowledge, the ur-gent need was to improve teaching theory and practice of teaching ability. Conclusions Nursing teach-ers possess some weak links in all areas of knowledge to different' extent, and the knowledge structure needs to be further improved. The college leaders should provide targeted training combined with nursing teachers' knowledge needs.

Objective To understand the basic structure of undergraduate nursing education teachers in Heilongjiang province in order to provide the scientific reference for the construction of our provincal nurse teachers troop.Methods Using self-made questionnaires and in the form of mail,the investigation about the basic structure and existing problems of undergraduate nursing education teachers in Heilongjiang province was carried out from December 2006 to March 2007.Results The finding was that at present some disparities existed between the basic situation of the teachers troop and higher nursing education development request.Number of professional and part-time teachers bad very wide difference;the professional title distribution was unreasonable in various schools and the proportion of double-teacher type was somewhat low,education background levels were different and the teachers who had hish education qualification were scarce;the teachers'insufficient teaching experience caused the poor teaching basic skills and so on.Conclusions There exists certain problems in undergraduate nursing education teachers in Heilongjiang province.Not until the positive countermeasures according to the cause were taken,can we construct a nursing teachers troop which has the required education background,the reasonable structure and the developmental potential.

0.05).The blood gas analysis(BGA) and pulmonary function test(PFT) were performed in patients with stable COPD.The cognitive function was evaluated by ESD in both patients with stable COPD and healthy persons as control.The patients were divided into different groups by BGA and PFT(FEV1/Pred).Results:The total score of ESD and the subtest scores of ESD in leaning,memory,calculation,constructive function were obviously lower in the patient group than those in the control group(The mean difference of the total score was 16,with the two groups' total scores as 208.1?17.6/224.3?10.6,t=5.19,P

Objective To provide data evidence for brucellosis prevention by a retrospective analysis of brucellosis epidemiologic feature in Ji'nan Infectious Disease Hospital from 2010-2014.Method The brucellosis patients with confinned diagnosis from 2010 to 2014 admitted to Ji'nan Infectious Disease Hospital were included in this study,and their epidemic data were statistically analyzed,including time,age and occupation distributions.Results There were 1 010 brucellosis patients in total in Ji'nan Infectious Disease Hospital from 2010 to 2014,and 12 cases,69 cases,134 cases,274 cases and 521 cases,respectively,in each year,which showed rapid rising trend.There were two peak times,the first was from April to August,the incidence was 9.1％ (92/1 010),12.2％(123/1010),13.4％ (135/1010),11.1％ (112/1010) and 10.7％ (108/1010),respectively,in each month;the second was January,the incidence was 9.4％ (95/1010).The diagnosed rate within 1 week of onset only accounted for 13.4％ (135/1010),and 72.4％ (731/1010) patients were diagnosed for more than two weeks after the onset.The male incidence of brucellosis was higher than the female,and the sex ratio was 2.36:1.00.In terms of age distribution,40-49 and 50-59 were both peak ages,with incidence of 29.3％ (296/1 010) and 25.0％ (252/1010),respectively.The professional was given priority to farmers and herdsmen (85.6％,865/1 010),and 96.4％ (974/1010)of the patients had a clear exposure history,mainly related to sheep,cattle,pigs and other livestock,also related to pets and milk.Conclusions The brucellosis patients that received in Ji'nan Infectious Disease Hospital are increased significantly in the recent 5 years,and their transmission is closely associated with livestock breeding and processing.Most patients have failed timely diagnosis in the early days,which should catch enough of our attention.

Aim To study the effect and molecular mechanism of pretreatment with COPP on hypoxia/reoxygenation injury of H9c2 myocytes.Methods H9c2 myocytes model of hypoxia/reoxygenation injury was established and H9c2 myocytes were given COPP pretreatment before hypoxia/reoxygenation.Treatment with Znpp and all-trans retinoic acid(ATRA)inhibited HO-1 and Nrf2-ARE respectively.The level of LDH and CK in cell supernatants were measured.HO-1mRNA expression was analyzed by RT-PCR.HO-1 and Nrf2 protein expressions were analyzed by Western blot.Results Compared with hypoxia/reoxygenation group,the level of LDH and CK in COPP pretreatment groups decreased significantly and the level of HO-1mRNA,HO-1 protein expression and Nrf2 protein expression in the nucleus significantly increased.Znpp abolished protective effect of COPP pretreatment.ATRA blocked the nuclear accumulation of Nrf2 and decreased HO-1 protein expression that COPP pretreatment induced.Conclusions COPP can induce HO-1 overexpression which has protective effect on hypoxia/reoxygenation injury of H9c2 myocytes.Its mechanism is related to Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway.

Aim To investigate the effect of total flavonoids of Epimedium sagittatum(TFE)and its metabolites on the proliferation and function expression of newborn rats calvarial osteoblasts(ROB).Methods TFE was supplemented into the culture medium of ROB at 0.2,2,20,100 and 200 mg?L-1 respectively.The serum of rats administered TFES(SRAT) was also added into the medium in a parallel treatment at 2%,4%,8% and 16% respectively.Their effects on cell proliferation and function expression were studied by MTT and the analysis of osteogenic differentiation marks.Results TFE had no effect on cell proliferation and function expression at any concentration.However,2% and 4% SRAT stimulated cell proliferation and,4% SRAT promoted the maturation and function of osteoblast by improving the alkaline phosphatase(ALP) activity,bone gla protein(BGP) secretion,calcium deposition and the number of mineralized nodular structures.Conclusions The effective substance of herba epimedii treating on osteoporosis is not TFE itself but certain of metabolites derived from TFE and the products induced by these metabolites in serum.The metabolites in serum of TFE may enhance the cell function expression and proliferation.

Objective To explore the relationship between dipeptidyl peptidaseⅡ(DPPⅡ) and the pathogenesis of congenital cataract.Methods Eighty SCR rats with congenital cataract were randomly divided into four groups:8,10,12 and 14 weeks groups(n=20).Normal Wistar rats at each age were used as control groups.Immunohistochemical experiments using the streptavidin-biotin immunoper-oxidase method were used to observe the immunoreactivity changes of DPPⅡ in lens in SCR rats at different time(8,10,12,14 weeks).Results The immunoreactivities of DPPⅡ in the lens epithelial cells and fibres of cataractous lenses of all ages were higher than those in control groups.At the 12th and 14th week,immunoreactive staining of DPPⅡwas found to extend into the perinuclear region.Conclusion The immunoreactivity of DPPⅡ is enhanced in cataractous rat lenses.DPPⅡ may be participated in the proteolytic modification of lens proteins during cataractogenesis.

Objective To discuss the influence factors on the quality of Potassium dehydroandrograpolide succinate for injection,and to optimize its production process.Methods The related substances were taken as the estimated standards and the orthogonal experimental method for determining the best production process was adopted.Results The water temperature and pH value had a significant effect on the related substances.The best production process was:dispensing water temperature at 40℃,pH at 6.4 and filling time being 2 h.Conclusion The optimized production process was quality control and reasonable,which can be used in industrial production.

Objective To investigate the distribution of pathogens in intensive care units (ICU ) and their drug resistance . Methods 668 strains of pathogens isolated from specimens from ICU were collected .VITEK 2 Compact automated microbial iden-tification and susceptibility analyzer was utilized to conduct the antimicrobial susceptibility tests .Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion suscep-tibility test(K-B) was employed to conduct the antimicrobial susceptibility test for Gram-negative bacteria cefoperazone/sulbactam . Results 668 strains of pathogens were derived from sputum [434 (65 .0% )] ,blood[83(12 .0% )] ,urine[88(13 .0% )] ,drainage [14(2 .0% )] ,secretions[14(2 .0% )] and other[35(5 .2% )] .Acinetobacter baumannii was the major detected pathogen in Gram-negative bacteria and the resistance rates were over 50% toward other drug excepting levofloxacin ,sulfamethoxazole and amikacin . Staphylococcus Staphylococcus was the major detected pathogen in Gram-positive bacteria and it showed good sensitivity toward ni-trofurantoin ,quinupristin/dalfopristin ,tigecycline and vancomycin .Candida albicans demonstrated the highest detection rate in fun-gi .Conclusion ICU pathogens have drug resistance in serious condition ,and pathogens and drug resistance monitoring should be strengthened .