Objective To investigate the value of 99Tcm-methoxyisobutylisonitrile (MIBI) scintigraphy in assessing the preoperative chemotherapy response and multidrug resistance of osteosarcoma.Methods From January 2007 to October 2008, 12 patients (female:4, male:8; mean age:16.3 years,range:8-27 years) underwent early (10min) and delayed (120 min) 99Tcm-MIBI scintigraphy before and after preoperative chemotherapy.Seven cases had osteosarcoma at the distal femurs, 2 at the proximal tibias, 2 at the upper end of humerus and 1 at the fibula.The tumor-to-background ratio (T/B) and washout rate (WR) were calculated.Tumor necrosis was classified according to Huvos criterion after limb salvage surgery.Immunohistochemical staining for P-glycoprotein(gp) was examined.Spearman correlation analysis and t-test were performed.Results According to Huvos criterion, 7 patients were classified as good responders with more than 90% of tumor cell necrosis and 5 as poor responders with less than 90% of tumor cell necrosis.R value (ratio of early phase T/B after and before chemotherapy) was significantly lower in good responders than that in poor responders (0.473 ± 0.21 vs 0.998 ± 0.06, t= 5.342, P= 0.000 ).R value was significantly correlated with the degree of tumor cell necrosis ( rs=- 0.87, P= 0.000 ).WR was significantly higher in patients with positive P-gp expression than that in patients with negative P-gp expression ((38.36 ±18.64)% vs (6.40±5.87)%, t= -3.278, P=0.008).There was significant correlation between the WR and P-gp expression (rs = 0.91, P= 0.001 ).Conclusion 99Tcm-MIBI scintigraphy is a feasible non-invasive technique to assess the chemotherapy response and to detect P-gp expression of osteosarcoma.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the precise locations of the blood vessels and nerves surrounding the seminal vesicles (SV) in men and provide some anatomical evidence for SV-related minimally invasive surgery.

METHODSWe observed the courses and distribution of the blood vessels and nerves surrounding SVs and obtained the data for positioning the SV neuroplexes in 20 male pelvises.

RESULTSOne branch of the neuroplexes was distributed to the SVs bilaterally with the neurovascular bundles, (2.85 ± 0.18) cm from the median sulcus of the prostate (MSP), while another branch ran through the Denonvillier fascia behind the SV, (0.81 ± 0.06) cm from the MSP. The arterial SVs (ASV) originated from the inferior vesical artery and fell into 4 types, 55% going directly to the SVs as one branch, 15% running between the SV and the ampulla of the deferent duct as another branch, 25% downward as 2 branches to the SV and between the SV and the ampulla of the deferent duct respectively, and 5% as the other ASVs. The shortest distance from the ASV through the prostatic neuroplexus to the posterior SV was (1.08 ± 0.09) cm.

CONCLUSIONIn SV resection, neuroplexus injury can be reduced with a bilateral distance of < 2.85 cm and a posterior distance of < 0.81 cm from the MSP, and so can bleeding by vascular ligation between the SV and the ampulla of the deferent duct.

Biopsy ; Humans ; Male ; Prostate ; blood supply ; innervation ; Seminal Vesicles ; blood supply ; innervation ; Vas Deferens ; blood supply ; innervation

In order to investigate the mechanisms of phenylhexyl isothiocyanate (PHI) inhibiting the proliferation of multiple myeloma cell RPMI8226 in vitro, the RPMI8226 cells were co-cultured with PHI of various concentrations. The inhibition of proliferation was measured by MTT test and the cell apoptosis was assayed by DAPI staining. The changes of Notch1, Jagged2, BCL-2 and p-Akt proteins in the PHI-treated cells were detected by Western blot. The results showed that PHI inhibited RPMI8226 cell proliferation in certain concentration range and induced their apoptosis. The inhibiting effect caused by PHI showed a concentration-and time-dependent manner. The PHI decreased expressions of Notch1 and Jagged2 proteins in a concentration-and time-dependent manners, the levels of BCL-2 and p-Akt declined at the same time. It is concluded that PHI can inhibit proliferation of RPMI8226 cells, and induce their apoptosis. The cell apoptosis is associated with the inhibition of Notch signaling and downstream targets BCL-2 and p-Akt proteins of RPMI8226 cells, PHI may be a new Notch signaling inhibitor and a promising therapeutic drug for multiple myeloma.
Cell Line, Tumor ; Humans ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; metabolism ; Isothiocyanates ; pharmacology ; Jagged-2 Protein ; Membrane Proteins ; metabolism ; Multiple Myeloma ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Receptor, Notch1 ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects

Textbook evaluation is of great significance in teaching studies and activities. By taking the establishment of evaluation index system forExperimental Acupuncture-moxibustion Science as an example, this article discussed the process and method of adopting the analytic hierarchy process for textbook evaluation: 3 levels, 4 dimensions, and 20 evaluation indexes were developed for the evaluation ofExperimental Acupuncture-moxibustion Science textbook, and each component of the indexes was assigned weight, based on which, a scale was established and preliminarily evaluated, in order to provide reference for the evaluation of the textbooks of traditional Chinese medicine.

Objective To describe the prevalence of metabolic syndrome(MS) among rural adult residents in Ningxia, under IDF2005 ATP Ⅲ 2005 AHA and CDs2004 definition. Methods Stratified cluster sampling methods was used and the participants were interviewed by trained health workers under a structured questionnaire. The number of research subjects was 1612. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), blood lipids, body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure (BP) of all samples (1612 subjects) were measured, and related data was analysed by IDF2005, ATP Ⅲ 2005 AHA, as well as CDs2004 definition of MS. Results The age-standardized prevalence of MS was 15.00% by ATP Ⅲ 2005 AHA definition and 11.80%by IDF 2005 definition and 6.71% by CDs 2004 definition, respectively. Based on IDF 2005 and ATP Ⅲ 2005 AHA definition, women had higher prevalence than men (16.3% vs. 5.4%, 18.9% vs. 8.9%, P<0.01), but there was no significant difference (P>0.05) between them according to the CDs definition. MS prevalence among Hui (Muslim) ethnic group was higher than Han ethnic group(P<0.05). The prevalence of MS increased with age in all samples and the prevalence of MS started at age of 35 in Hui ethnic group, higher than in Han ethnic group. There was no significant difference in the prevalence rates of MS between male Hui ethnic group and male Han ethnic group (P>0.05). The prevalence of MS in female Hui ethnic group was higher than Han ethnic group females (P<0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of MS was high in the rural adult residents, in Ningxia. Clusters of MS components were commonly seen, and the main disorder appeared in lipid abnormalities and abnormal glucose metabolism. It is necessary to discuss that the cut off point of central obesity for the waist circumference diagnostic criteria of MS in different ethnic groups in China. Big differences on the components of MS were seen in different ethnic groups. It is important to choose suitable MS definition for prevention of MS and to reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease.

The dense extracellular matrix (ECM) of the tumor severely limits the deep penetration of nanomedicine and weakens its anti-tumor effect. Based on this, the yeast vesicle biomimetic nanomedicine with active deep penetration ability of tumor tissue was designed and developed for enhanced tumor therapy. Results of characterization showed that the yeast cell vesicles (YCV) displayed a spherical morphology with diameter of around 100 nm and was well dispersed. Then the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (DOX) was selected as a model drug, and DOX was loaded into YCV to obtain YCV/DOX through electrostatic interaction, the encapsulation efficiencies of DOX were calculated as 82.5%. The drug release profile of YCV/DOX implied that DOX release showed a manner of pH-dependent, it may be that pH has affected the electrostatic effect of YCV and DOX. Compared with liposomes (Lipo), in vitro cell experiments showed that YCV from natural sources had stronger permeability in three-dimensional multicellular spheres. It is speculated that the mechanism may be good deformation capacity of YCV. A 4T1 xenograft tumor model was established to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of YCV/DOX. The results suggested that YCV/DOX has stronger tumor tissue penetration ability and could effectively inhibit the tumor growth. All animal experiments were performed in line with national regulations and approved by the Animal Experiments Ethical Committee of Zhengzhou University. This study brings new ideas for the development of biomimetic nanomedicine to overcome the ECM of solid tumors.

The isolate GN52 of Riemerrella anatipestifer was passaged on the Martin Medium successively according to the optimum condition. The experiments included Gram staining, biochemical test, drug sensitivity test and animal experiments were carried out on the bacteria of 3rd, 11th, 21st, 31st, 41st, 51st and 61st generations. It indicated that the bacterial morphs, biochemical character, drug resistance of the strain had no obvious change, but the virulence showed a trend of reduction.

Objective To evaluate the acute and delayed killing effect of high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) on Echinococcus granulosus(E. granulosus)protoscolices in vitro.Methods E. granulosus protoscolices were treated with different dosage of effective power(0,25,50,100,200,250 W)and time(5,10,20,30,40,50,60 s)of HIFU in vitro to obtain the dosage-effect curves.Then the survival pmtoscolices were incubated,and the mortality of each group was counted daily.The protoscolicidal effects were investigated by trypan blue exclusion assay.Results Compared with the untreated group,the Vitality of E.granulosus protoscolices significantly decreased immediately after treated by HIFU of different dosage(F=5201.59 vs 1865.65,P＜0.05),there were the interaction both different dosage and time(F=214.50,P＜0.05).The protoscolices were broken into pieces by HIFU of 250 W×40 s,whereas the growth of the surviving protoscolices after exposed to HIFU was obvious suppressed.Both the acute killing effect and the delayed inhibitory effect showed a dosage-dependant manner.The inhibitory effect increased along with the increased dosage of HIFU(P＜0.05).The inhibitory effect in 50 W×10 s group was stronger than 25 W×20 s group(P＜0.05).The mortality was increased in parallel with the increase of HIFU dosage.Conclusions HIFU show an effective immediately killing effect,as well as a growth-inhibiting effect on the E.granulosus protoscolices in vitro.

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) is a member of the TNF superfamily of structurally related cytokines and is known to induce proliferation, migration, differentiation, apoptotic cell death, inflammation, and angiogenesis. These physiological processes are induced by the binding of TWEAK to fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14), a highly inducible cell-surface receptor that is linked to several intracellular signaling pathways, including the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway. This review discusses the role of the TWEAK-Fn14 axis in several rheumatic diseases and the potential therapeutic benefits of modulation of the TWEAK-Fn14 pathway.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; etiology ; Cytokine TWEAK ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; etiology ; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor ; physiology ; Rheumatic Diseases ; etiology ; Scleroderma, Systemic ; etiology ; TWEAK Receptor ; Tumor Necrosis Factors ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the hand hygiene (HH) compliance and its influencing factors in order to improve the HH of healthcare workers (HCWs).

METHODSHH compliance of HCWs in randomly sampled departments in our hospital was observed and recorded single-blindly by specially-trained staffs using a uniform method.

RESULTSThe total compliance rate of HH of HCWs was 30.2%, which varied among different departments and posts, and working areas. It was significantly higher in ward doctors than in outpatient physicians (P < 0.01). However, the compliance was not significantly different among nurses in different departments (P > 0.05). The compliance of HH of HCWs after surgical procedures (40.4%) was significantly higher than that before procedures (19.6%) (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe compliance of HH of HCWs remains low, which is somehow affected by factors such as departments, posts, and treatment modes.

Female ; Guideline Adherence ; statistics & numerical data ; Hand Disinfection ; Humans ; Hygiene ; Male ; Personnel, Hospital ; statistics & numerical data