To review and summarize the studies on preparation of Rhizoma Pinelliae in the recent years, including cleaning processing, preparing technology, and influenc e on chemical ingredients and pharmacological effects caused by prepara tion.

Objective To observe the effect of pulmonary surfactant(PS) on lung function and ventilator parameters of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome(NRDS) in the advanced stage.Methods Twenty-eight infants with NRDS were given PS in one dose by endotracheal intubation on the left side,right side,feet high with head low,and level decub respectively.The dose of PS was 100-150 mg/kg each time,each posture slow note of the drug were required 1/4,out of the straw,hand-controlled ventilation,to reduce fluid loss,with the exception of a clear airway obstruction,within 6 hours after the administration not to shoot back suction,to give mechanical ventilation after the injection.Lung function parameters were also measured:pressure of oxygen in artery[p_a(O_2)],carbon dioxide partial pressure[p_a(CO_2)],the ratio of pressure of oxygen in artery and alveolar oxygen partial pressure[a/Ap(O_2)] and oxygenation index(OI) were determined.Ventilator parameters were determined:oxygen concentration(FiO_2),oxygen peak(PIP),end-expiratory positive pressure(PEEP) and mean airway pressure(MAP) were determined.These numerical data were analyzed and compared before and after treatment with PS.Clinical manifestations,thoracic X-ray changes,survival rate and incidence rate of complications were also analyzed and compared before and after PS therapy.Results p_a(O_2),a/Ap(O_2) showed significant upgrade and OI had a decrease after PS administration in comparison with those before PS therapy.The ventilator parameters(except for PEEP) acquired were also lower after drug administration than those in before drug therapy.There were significant differences in both stages(P_a90%,respiratory sound in 24 cases enhanced,the observation of chest film after 24 h indicated that,lesions in 21 cases improved significantly,5 cases took a favorable turn.The survival rate was 85.7%.The incidence rate of complication was as follows:pneumonia was 25%,patent ductus arteriosus was 10.7%,pneumorrhagia was 7.1% and intraventricular hemorrhage was 3.6%,respectively.Conclusion Respiratory function of NRDS is significantly improved by using PS in the advanced stage,and therapeutic effect is apparent.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Macrophage Activation Syndrome ; etiology ; pathology ; Male ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ; complications ; pathology

Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Qi ; Yin-Yang

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Arsenicals ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; drug effects ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; drug effects ; Humans ; Oxides ; pharmacology ; Point Mutation

This study is to investigate the effect of artesunate on transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and its possible mechanism. After the in vitro cultured RLE-6TN cells were treated with TGF-beta1 then artesunate intervened on it, after 24 h, expression of the markers of mesenchymal cell was assayed using Western blotting and real-time PCR analysis. Western blotting was also used to detect the effect of TGF-beta1 on the Smad3 and Smad7 expressions of RLE-6TN cells. Morphological alterations were examined by phase-contrast microscope, and ultrastructure changes by electron microscope. Incubation of RLE-6TN cells with TGF-beta1 resulted in the up-regulation of the expression of the mesenchymal cell markers, after artesunate intervened on it, resulted in the down-regulation of the expression. Meanwhile, incubation with artesunate intervened on RLE-6TN cells could lead to the apparent down-regulation of the expression of Smad3 and up-regulation of Samd7 and the transition of RLE-6TN cells to mesenchymal-like by TGF-beta1 induction, after artesunate intervened on it, RLE-6TN cells to epithelial-like. TGF-beta1 induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition process; artesunate can inhibit TGF-beta1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition process, the possible mechanism is up-regulation of the expression of Smad7 and down-regulation of the expression of Smad3, meanwhile inhibits phosphorylation of Smad3.
Actins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Animals ; Artemisia ; chemistry ; Artemisinins ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Cell Line ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Epithelial Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; drug effects ; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ; pathology ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Pulmonary Alveoli ; cytology ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Rats ; Smad3 Protein ; genetics ; metabolism ; Smad7 Protein ; genetics ; metabolism ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; pharmacology ; Vimentin ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study the influence of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation on hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) in rats.

METHODSSD rats MSCs were separated, cultivated, identified and labeled by the green fluorescence protein (GFP) gene virus and transplanted in vitro. Healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: Normal control group (NC group) and HPH group (eight rats respectively), HPH+ MSCs transplantation group and HPH+ VEGF+ MSCs transplantation group (twenty-four respectively). The test employed atmospheric intermittent low oxygen method to establish the rat model of pulmonary hypertension and stem cells were transferred and transplanted. The rats' mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) was observed; right ventricular hypertrophy index (RVHI) was calculated; the morphological change of lung small artery in various groups of rats was observed under the microscope; the distribution of lung small artery and adenovirus transfection fluorescently labeled MSCs was observed under a fluorescent microscope after 7, 14 and 28 days when stem cell was transplanted.

RESULTSFor NC group, the mPAP (mmHg) was 15.5 +/- 1.5 after twenty-eight days while the mPAPs for HPH , MSCs and MSCs+ VEGF were 26.1 +/- 1.9, 21.6 +/- 2.7 and 20.1 +/- 2.9 respectively which were apparently higher than that of NC group (P < 0.01) and compared with HPH group (P < 0.01), which declined clearly. There was no significant difference between MSCs and MSCs+ VEGF. After twenty-eight days, RVHI for NC group was 0.28 +/- 0.02 while the RVHI for HPH, MSCs and MSCs + VEGF were 0.43 +/- 0.07, 0.34 +/- 0.03 and 0.35 +/- 0.01 respectively which was apparently higher than that of NC group (P < 0.01) but which was clearly lower than that of MSCs and MSCs+ VEGF (P < 0.05) and there was no significant difference between MSCs and MSCs + VEGF. For HPH group, pulmonary arteriole wall became apparently thicker, the lumen became significantly narrow and nearly obstructed after twenty-eight days, the endothelial cells were incomplete; compared with HPH group, pulmonary arteriole wall of MSCs group became thin, the lumen was smooth and the completeness of endothelial cells was improved. Whereas for MSCs and MSCs + VEGF, these changes were not significantly clear.

CONCLUSIONAfter MSCs transplantation, mPAP and RVHI decline sharply and lung small artery remodeling is improved which partially reverses HPH process; there is no significant difference between VEGF together with MSCs transplantation group and pure MSCs.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; etiology ; metabolism ; surgery ; Hypoxia ; complications ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; pharmacology

Objective To study the serum level of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) and assess the value of BNP. Methods The serum levels of BNP and ANP were determined by enzyme- linked immnoabsorbent assay.Cardial mdex(CI)and left ventricular election fraction(LVEF)in heart failure stage and period recouery of children with heart failare were determined by Doppler ultrasonography cardiogram. Results The BNP serum levels began to increase before heart failure (P

Objective To explore the effect of status epilepticus(SE) on learning and memory and expression of phosphorylated c-AMP response element binding protein(pCREB) in hippocampus in developmental rats.Methods Developmental male SD rats were assigned randomly to two groups:the SE rats,induced by intraperitoneal injection of pentylenetetrazole(PTZ);normal saline(NS) control group,received saline intraperitoneal.Learning and memory test with the Morris water maze and Y maze were performed at 7 days after SE.After testing,a subset of rats were killed and the brain was evaluated for pCREB immunostaining,an important transcription factor underlying learning and memory.Results In SE group,the mean escape latency of searching the platform significantly prolonged(P

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Complement C3 ; Disease Progression ; Female ; Humans ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; blood ; Lipid Metabolism ; Male ; Obesity ; blood