Codon ; Computational Biology ; methods ; Evolution, Molecular ; Influenza A virus ; classification ; genetics ; Influenza Vaccines ; immunology ; Molecular Biology ; Phylogeny ; RNA, Viral ; chemistry ; Viral Proteins ; chemistry

Since 2000,most of H5N1 subtype influenza A virus had a unique mutation of NS gene with 15base pair deletion from 263 to 277. In order to investigate the bio-characteristics of this mutation,two different NS recombinants,RWSN-248 and RWSN-m248,were generated via plasmid rescue from A/WSN/33(H1N1) and A/SD/04(H5N1). RWSN-248 had a higher viral titer than RWSN-m248 in MDCK and COS-1 cells that have an IFN response,but they had the similar growth ability in Vero cells that lack an IFN response. Both of two recombinants grew well in embryonated chicken eggs and had the similar viral titer and MDT. The results above revealed that the deletion from 263 to 277 sites of NS gene did not influence viral virulence to but decreased viral anti-IFN ability of H5N1.

The nucleic acid fragment of porcine circovirus type 2(PCV2)was amplified using PCR from the tissues of a domesticated wild boar with suspected postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome(PMWS).The sample were then inoculated into the Dulac cells and passaged for 8 generation.The 4 nucleic acid fragments covered the complete genome for PCV2 were obtained by over-lapping PCR and sent to sequence.The sequence of genome was compared with other 9 strains originated from piglets in the same area.The result showed that these strains were in high homology.

Objective To discuss the implications of orbital septum repairing and crimpling in the plastic surgery of lower eyelid bags. Methods The ultimate results were analyzed in the patients (aged less than 40) who received three different operations from six months to five years and the effect of operation and recrudescence of lower eyelid sag were observed. The procedures included simple fat removal, fat removal plus orbicularis oculi hanging, and orbicularis oculi hanging plus orbital septum repairing and crimplling. Results Since 2002, 157 cases were treated, and the ultimate effects of patients were analyzed. 86 cases treated with orbicularis oculi hanging plus orbital septum repairing and crimplling reached the best results without recurrence. 71 cases treated with simple fat removal or fat removal plus orbicularis oculi hanging experienced recurrence in different degree within a short period. Conclusion The weakness and laxation of the former wall causes the formation of lower eyelid bag, the appearance and recrudescence mainly locate below the former wall. Orbital septum repairing and crimpling most effectively strengthen the underside of the former wall. Orbicularis oculi hanging strengthens the top of the former wall and prevents any complications. The effects of the last procedure are better than that of the other two in the near future or in the long term.

Adult ; Aneurysm, Dissecting ; etiology ; Coronary Aneurysm ; etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction ; etiology ; Wounds and Injuries ; complications

China ; Information Systems ; Occupational Health Services ; organization & administration ; standards

Objective To discuss the reduction mammaplasty procedures by reserving the T4 nerve and blood vessels and by repairing the ligament for macromastia patients. Meths Eighteen cases of macromastia were enrolled in this study. The supeior and inferior polar portions on the median line of the breast were dissected to form a central pedicle. Outside deep and fleet branches of the ligament were repaired and the lateral deep and fleet branches of the 4th intercostal nerve reserved in the pedicle. The pedicle was revolved and fixed, the fundus of breast was reduced and the tensile force of the ligament was enhanced. The operation of two-flap rotated flaps reduced the breast volume from inside to the outside. The corium where T4 intercostal nerve distributed skin was reserved to protect the fleet branches of the nerve, and then rotated and fixed to act as a fibrous septum. Results After the operation, the blood vessel and feeling of nipple-areola complex were all satisfactory and the profile of breast was tall and straight. Follow-up from 3 months to 2 years (7 months in average) showed that the scar was unconspicuous, the appearance of the breast was not evidently changed and the patients were satisfactory. Conclusion It is a simple and well-designed procedure of reduction mammaplasty for macromastia with repaired ligment and reserved 4th intercostal nerve. The breast profile is tall and straight after the operation.

The high-copy-number plasmid pcDNA3.1+ is unstable within S almonella typhimurium. A novel plasmid pmcDNA3.1+ was constructed by removin g the promoter sequence of ampicillin resistance gene (bla gene) in plasmid pcDNA3.1+. In contrast to pcDNA3.1+, pmcDNA3.1+ was stable within Salmonel la typhimurium SL7207 in LB medium with or without ampicillin. Further experi ments showed the ?-lactamase activity of Salmonella typhimurium SL7207(pmc DNA3.1+) was apparently lowered than that of Salmonella typhimurium SL7207( pcDNA3.1+) and the high ampicillin concentration was maintained longer in LB me dium culturing Salmonella typhimurium SL7207(pmcDNA3.1+). When mice were a dministered with Salmonella typhimurium SL7207(pmcDNA3.1+) intraperitoneall y, more than 95% of Salmonella cells separated from the spleen still harbore d the plasmid pmcDNA3.1+ 7 days later; but 99% of Salmonella cells lost the plasmid pcDNA3.1+ at day 3 in mice innoculated with Salmonella typhimurium SL7207(pcDNA3.1+). By lowering the expression of bla gene, the rapid deco mposition of ampicillin in LB medium was avoided and the metabolic pressure was relieved for the host cells. This method offers a solution for the problem of t he instability of high-copy-number plasmid within Salmonella typhimurium.

NDV strain ZJ1 strain , a highly virulent NDV strain, has been prevalent among the waterfowls in China mainland in the past years. Multi-basic amino acid sequence distribute in the protease cleavage site of F protein of this strain. Recombinant expressing plasmid pCI-FT, was generated by converting multi-basic amino acid sequence of 112, 115, 117 of the protease cleavage site of F_ 0 protein, to the non-basic amino acid sequence characteristic of avirulent NDV strain. The result from co-expression of mutant or parental F protein with homologous HN protein in COS-1 cells revealed that both mutant and parental F protein had fusion activity. The result from co-expression of mutant or parental F protein with homologous HN protein in CEF cells showed that the cleavage activity of mutant F protein was significantly reduced. The study built a foundation for mutagenesis of amino acid sequence of the protease cleavage site of F_ 0 protein at the full-length cDNA clone level, study on factors contributing to virulence and construction of candidate vaccine strain, and so on.

Objective To explore the relationship between the typing of lower eyelid bag and surgical procedures and their clinical efficacy. Methods The eyelid bag was divided into three types and seven subtypes according to the clinical manifestation in 216 cases. Congenital structural abnoma-lities caused type Ⅰ of lower eyelid bag, long-term ophthalmokopia caused type Ⅱ of lower eyelid bag. Anaplasia of tissue and bone caused type Ⅲ of lower eyelid bag. Seven surgical methods were per-formed for lower eyelid blepharoplasty by various type. Results 159 of 216 cases were followed-up for 3 - 12 months, and most of the patients had excellent clinical results. Conclusion This simple typing is valuable for adopting surgical methods.