Insect viruses are attractive as biological control agents and could be a feasible alternative to chemical insecticides in the management of insect infestations. This review describes recent advances in the development of wild-type and genetically modified viruses as insecticides. A new strategy of application of insect viruses in China is reviewed. Also, the assessment of biosafety of genetically modified Helicoverpa armigera Nucleopolyhedovirus (HearNPV) is emphasized as a case-study.

Objective: To explore the active constituents from the stems of Orostachys malacophyllus in Changbai Mountain. Methods: The ethyl acetate fraction of the methanol extract from the stems of O. malacophyllus was separated by chromatographic methods, structure identification was by means of nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectra, and the activity was determined by CCK-8 experiment. Results: Five compounds were isolated and identified as 1-ethyl-2-hydroxysuccinate (1), 1-ethyl-2-O-[(3,4-dihydroxybenzoyl) oxy]-succinate (2), 1,4-dimethy-2-O-[(3,4-dihydroxybenzoyl) oxy]-succinate (3), 1,4-dimethy-2-O-[(4-dihydroxybenzoyl) oxy]-succinate (4), and diisobutyl phthalate (5). Conclusion: Compounds 1-5 are isolated from the plants of this genus for the first time. Among them, compound 2 is a new compound named orostachysolic acid, and exhibits cytotoxicity against HeLa cell with IC50 value of 111.5 μmol/L.

The volatile compounds of trogopterorum feces were collected by using a simultaneous distillation and extraction (SDE) equipment. The chemical composition of the enriched volatile was examined by means of capillary gas chromatography (GC) and combined GC-mass spectrometry (MS). Fifty one constituents of the volatile were preliminarily identified by GC-MS, which amounted to 56.3% of the total peak area. Of these compounds, 33 were further verified by measuring their temperature-programmed retention indexes (TPRI) or retention times. They amounted to 35.7 % of the total peak areas. The main constituents of the volatile are dedecanoic acid (7.00%);alphacedrol (4.41%); pyrazine, tetramethyl-(4. 10%); tetradecanoic acid (3.37%); ethanone, 1-(3-methylphenyl)- (2.53%); benzaldehyde (2.42%); phenol, 2-methoxy-(2.11% ). The compound classes consist of alcohols (10), ketones (8), aldehydes (6), olefines (5), acids (4), and phenols (4).

Survivin expresssion in embryo spleen, embryo kidney, embryo liver and in many cancer tissues was determined by RT-PCR, while not in the health liver tissue. Construct the engineered Escherischia coli expressing human survivin and identify the expressed human survivin by Westen-blot. The combination activity of Survivin and RhSmac was determined in vitro. L929 cells transferred with Survivin can survive longer than which transferred with BSA.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Bartonella henselae ; Cat-Scratch Disease ; drug therapy ; microbiology ; physiopathology ; Child ; Female ; Humans

Aged ; Antigens, CD20 ; metabolism ; Humans ; Leukocyte Common Antigens ; metabolism ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Prostate ; pathology ; Prostatectomy ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery

Objective To investigate the influence of intermittent catheterization methods on the urinarytract infection in patients with spinal cord injury. Methods Thirty-one cases of spinal cord injury and urinarytract infection were recruited. By use of intermittent catheterization, the bladder function was trained. Bacteria cul-ture and identification of in urine from the patients were conducted before the training (indwelling catheterization)and after 15 or 30 days of intermittent catheterization. Results The rates of urinary tract infection (colony count≥1?10~5cfu/ml) after 15 or 30 days of intermittent catheterization were 38. 7% and 35. 5%, respectively, whichwere significantly lower than those of indwelling catheterization (100%), P

Objective To investigate the application of blood purification for critical disease with non-renal indications in PICU. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 10 critical disease cases with non-renal indications in PICU admitted from Jan to Dec 2009. Five cases were with acute liver failure,2 with autoimmune disease (1 with Guillaln-Barre syndrome, 1 with systemic juvenile rheumatoid arthritis with macrophage activation syndrome) ,2 with severe sepsis,one with metabolic diseases. Results Four cases were treated with plasma exchange combined with continuous veno-venous hemmofiltration. Three cases were treated with continuous veno-venous hemmofiltration. Three cases were treated with plasma exchange.Conclusion CBP is an effective and safe method in the treatment of critical diseases with non-renal indications in PICU.

Objective To investigate the influence of enteral nutrition (EN) emulsion containing slowrelease starch on blood sugar level in patients with craniocerebral injury. Methods Totally 120 patients with severe craniocerebral injury complicated with hyperglycemia joined this open study and were randomized into control group and study group. Study group was given EN emulsion containing slow-release starch ( Fresubin Diabetes)and control group was given routine EN emulsion ( Fresubin), both for 15 days. Fasting blood glucose (FBG),2-hour postprandial glucose (2hPG), and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were examined before EN support and 7 days and 15 days after EN support. Results In the study group, the levels of 2hPG before EN support and on the seventh and fifteenth day after EN support were ( 12.26 ± 2. 36 )mmol/L, (9.76 ± 2.90 ) mmol/L, and (9.78 ± 1.86) mmol/L, respectively. The levels of 2hPG after EN support were both significantly lower than that before EN support (P ＜ 0. 05). However, the levels of FBG and HbA1c in the study group were not significantly different before and after EN support ( P ＞ 0. 05 ). In the control group, the levels of 2hPG on the seventh and fifteenth day after EN support were ( 11.70 ± 2. 80) mmol/L and ( 11.39 ± 2. 44 ) mmol/L, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in study group ( P = 0. 033, P = 0. 020). The levels of FBG and HbA1c werenot significantly different between the study group and the control group ( P ＞ 0. 05 ). Conclusion EN emulsion containing slow-release starch may promote the control of blood sugar in patients with craniocerebral injury complicated with hyperglycemia and improve the level of postprandial blood sugar in those patients.

Objective To investigate the application of continuous blood purification in the children with critical diseases. Methods Eighteen critical patients aged 1 ～ 15 years in PICU underwent continuous blood purification(CBP). Fourteen with acute renal failure (ARF) were treated with continuous veno-venous hemmofiltration(CVVH) ,2 with Guillain-Barre syndrome and 2 with Raye's syndrome were treated with plasma exchange(PE). The changes of clinical symptoms, blood biochemistry , blood gas, and oxygenation were analyzed before and after CBP. Results After CVVH treatment, the BUN and creatinine of 14 patients with ARF were decreased from (48.6 ± 14. 8) mmol/L to(28. 9 ±5.4) mmol/L and (634. 3 ±258. 2) μ mol/L to (318.4 ± 143.5) μmol/L,K+ and pH of serum were maintained in the normal range,oxygenation was significantly improved. Breathing difficulties and muscle strength in 2 patients with GBS were ameliorated and successfully weaned from ventilator after PE. Serum ALT,AST and ammonia of 2 cases with Raye's syndrome decreased significantly and they discharged after comprehensive treatment including PE. Bleeding in puncture region were found in 3 patients, hypothermia in 2 patients. During the treatment, vital signs of patients were stable,blood pressure and pulse were not fluctuated. Conclusion CBP is an effective and safe method in the treatment of critical diseases in children.