OBJECTIVE: As a part of the whole skeleton,oral maxilloficial bone can also be affected by the risk factors of systemic osteoporosis. This paper reviewed literature on the possible correlation of systemic osteoporosis with oral alveolar bone resorption,periodontal disease,healing of implanted denture and temporomandibular joint disease that result from oral maxillofacial osteoporosis.DATA SOURCES: Literature in English between January 1999 and December 2003 were searched with the computer in Medline Database by the following key words: osteoporosis,alveolar trophy,periodontitis,implanted denture and tempororomandibular joint with; meanwhile literature was also searched in Chinese Periodical Database and Wanfang Database of the same period by the same key words in Chinese.STUDY SELECTION: Literature involving treatment group and control group were screened in the first trial. Then those non-randomized clinical trials were excluded and the others were looked up for full text. Inclusion criteria: randomized controlled clinical trial(RTC) . Exclusion criteria: repeated study.DATA EXTRACTION: A total of 27 articles of randomized or non-randomized studies on the possible association of systemic osteoporosis with oral alveolar bone atrophy, implanted denture and temporomandibular joint disease were collected,and 18 trials met the inclusion criteria.DATA SYNTHESIS: All subjects in the 18 studies were confirmed of having osteoporosis according the diagnostic standards. Changes of oral maxillofacial bone in systemic osteoporosis were explored by observing bone density,residual teeth, the height of alveolar ridge so as to make comparative and correlation analysis.CONCLUSION: In systemic osteoporosis, mandible bone may also have rarefaction changes.

OBJECTIVE: Factors that result in systemic osteoporosis will also affect maxillofacial bones for the latter is a component of skeleton. Present studies are being focused on how is the effect of the drugs that are used to treat systemic osteoporosis on maxillofacial bones. In this article we reviewedclinical and experimental studies about the drugs that acts on maxillomandibular and alveolar bone loss in order to find treatment for maxillofacial bone loss.DATA SOURCES: Medline was searched from January 1999 to October 2001 for English literatures with the searching words of "osteoporosis,mandible, bisphosphonates, herb, estradiol." And Chinese journal database was also searched from January 1995 to December 2004 for Chinese literatures with the searching words of "osteoporosis, mandible, bisphosphonates,herb estradiol"DATA SELECTION: The literatures of therapeutic and controlled studies were chosen, from which the non-random trials and repeated ones were excluded. The full texts of the remaining literatures were found and those of random and controlled trials were included in this review.DATA EXTRACTION: Seventeen literatures that were about random trials on the treatment of maxillofacial bone loss were collected. Thirteen of these 17 were included in this review and 4 of repeated trials were excluded.DATA SYNTHESIS: The subjects in the 17 literatures were all patients with osteoporosis that were in compatible with diagnosis standard. Drugs that act by inhibiting bone resorption, increasing bone mass and ameliorating bone quality were used. The effects of the drugs were compared and analyzed in perspective of the density, mass and strength of bone.CONCLUSION: Medicines for systemic osteoporosis are effective in ameliorating maxillomandibular bone structure, delaying alveolar bone resorption and promoting new bone formation.

Objective To investigate the correlation between the relapse of condyloma acuminatum(CA)and the potential capability of tumor necrotic factor (TNF) production of the host′s peripheral blood leukocytes. Methods Forty-two CA patients and 58 normal controls were enrolled in this study. CA relapse was diagnosed clinically. EB virus-transformed B lymphoblastoid cell line(LCL)were used as TNF producing cells. The TNF producing capability of LCL was measured by bioassay using L929 (a TNF sensitive tumor cell line) as target cells. The LCL were stimulated with LPS to produce TNF. Results The average level of TNF production of LCL from all CA patients (including recurrent and non-recurrent CA patients) was similar to that of normal controls (30.14% ? 12.27 vs 34.06% ? 12.06,P = 0.1136). However, the level of TNF production of LCs from recurrent CA patients was significantly less than that from non-recurrent CA patients (24.75% ? 7.51 vs 36.62% ? 10.96,P = 0.00016). Compared with that of normal controls, recurrent CA patients showed a lower capability to produce TNF (24.75% ? 7.51 vs 34.06% ? 12.06,P = 0.00054), whereas non-recurrent CA patients showed a similar capability to normal controls (36.62% ? 10.96 vs 34.06% ? 12.06,P = 0.3517). Conclusions These results indicate that the cellular immune mechanism might play an important role in the clearance of the residual HPV from the host, in which TNF is involved.

Intellectual property in medical institutions has been getting more attention in research activity.Large general hospitals have made significant achievements in intellectual property,and the management of intellectual property right has also gradually become the norm.This article discussed the possibility to carry out the intellectual property management in the primary health care sector,based on their current status and characteristics,proposed an evaluation system which suitable for the primary health care sector.We described the structure and method of this system,explored a standardized intellectual property management process used in primary health care institutions.

Objective To investigate the aged-related changes of biochemical mark and bone histomorphology in rats and to explore the effects ofαD3 on aged rats. Methods Sixty male Wistar rats with different age were divided into four groups, including group A (6-week-old male wistar rat), group B (6-month-old male wistar rat), group C (24-month-old male wistar rat) and group D (24-month-old male wistar rat +αD3). Group D was treated with αD3 three times per week for 10 weeks at a does of 0.05μg/(kgrameters. The left femur and mandible were collected for histomorphology. Results Compared with group A, ALP (alkaline phosphatase) and BGP in group B, C and D were decreased with age increased [(87.30 ±12.22)mmol/L VS (257.20 ±92.26) mmol/L, (55.23 ± 18. 18 ) mmol/L VS (257.20 ±92. 26) mmol/L,(46.17 ± 16. 6) mmol/L VS (257. 20 ±92. 26 mmol/L); (4. 37 ± 1.46) ng/L VS (9. 03 ±2. 04) ng/L,(3.80±1.00) ng/L VS (9.03 ±2.04) ng/L, (3.59 ±0.64) ng/L VS( 9.03±2.04) ng/L, P <0. 05]. TRACP5b in group C and D increased more than that in group B [( 15.69 ± 1.62 ) pg/L VS ( 7. 26 ±2.13) pg/L, ( 14.16 ± 1.88 ) pg/L VS ( 7. 26 ± 2. 13 ) pg/L, P < 0. 05]. Testosterone decreased significantly with age increased, but no significant difference was found among four groups. Testosterone was positive related with trabecular area of mandible. Bone gla protein was positive related with alkaline phosphatase and negative related with tartrate - resistant acid phosphatase 5b. Trabecular areas of femur increased in group C and D were greater than that in group B[(220310. 6 ±76360. 50) μm2 VS ( 105093.5 ±73242. 2) μm2, (293085.9 ±68230. 78) μm2 VS ( 105093.5 ±73242. 2) μm2, P <0. 05]. Compared with group B,the trabecular thickness of group C was increased by 53%, while trabecular separation was increased 123%. Trabecular area of group D was increased by 33% compared with group C. Conclusions Theresults showed that bone formation was decreased and absorption was increased with age increased. Testosterone was positive related with trabecular area of mandible. Alfacalcidol had the effects to promote the bone mass of mandible.

Objective To construct vector expressing soluble mPDL1-hIgGFc and study its effect on the proliferation and apeptosis of cells in vitro. Methods The extrncellular domain of mPDL1 gene was amplified from pmPDL1 vector by PCR and inserted into phIgGFc vector. The recombinant pmPDL1-hIgGFc was transfected into CHO cells by LipofectAMINETM2000, and the transfected cells were named as CHOp. The expression of mPDL1-hIgGFc in the culture supernatants of CHOp was assayed by ELISA and Western blot. The effects of CHOp culture supernatants on mixed lymphocyte culture(MLC) was analysed by Flowm-etry. Results The extracellular domain of mPDL1 gene were obtained from PCR. DNA sequencing and the identification of digestion by HindⅢ and KpnⅠ indicated the recombinant plasmid pmPDL1-hIgGFc was suc-cessfully constructed. ELISA and Western blot analysis proved that the CHOp could express mPDL1-hIgG-Fc. CHOp culture supernatants could inhibit lymphocyte proliferation and induce the apoptosis of the activa-ted T cells in MLC in vitro in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion The mPDL1-hIgGFc protein could in-hibit lymphocyte proliferation and induce the apoptosis of the activated T cells.

Objective To investigate the application of modified negative pressure closure drainage in early stage of snakebite .Methods 60 patients with early bite ulcer were selected as study objects ,and they were randomly divided into two groups according to the digital table .30 patients in the observation group received vacuum sealing drainage(VSD) combined with chymotrypsin continuous rinsing treatment .30 patients in the control group were given conventional dressing bandaging treatment .The two stage skin grafting time,wound healing time,complications,disa-bility rate,hospitalization time and C reactive protein ( CRP) levels of the two groups were observed .And the treatment effect was analyzed .Results The incidence rates of complications and disability in the observation group were 0.00％and 3.33％,respectively,which were significantly lower than 16.67％and 26.67％in the control group ,and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (χ2 =4.356,6.405,all P<0.05).The CRP levels of 3 d and 7 d in the observation group were (15.8 ±1.7)mg/L,(6.9 ±1.6)mg/L,respectively,which in the control group were (18.6 ±2.3) mg/L,(13.8 ±1.9) mg/L,respectively,there were statistically significant differences between two groups(t=5.362,15.214,all P<0.01).The two stage skin grafting,wound healing,hospital stay of the observation group were (9.5 ±1.8) d,(24 ±1.8) d,(25.3 ±1.9) d,respectively,which were significantly shorter than those of the control group [(16.2 ±2.6)d,(32.0 ±3.2)d,(33.2 ±3.7)d],the differences were statistically significant(t=11.604,11.93410.403,all P<0.01).Conclusion For patients with injury of cobra bite to early ulcer,using VSD technology combined with chymotrypsin continuous irrigation ,can significantly reduce the level of CRP and the occurrence of complications and disability rate ,shorten the time of two stage skin grafting ,wound healing time,hospitalization time,reduce the pain of patients,it is the best treatment to accelerate recovery .

To compare the effect of three different surface zirconium oxide treatments on binding strength and fracture patterns between zirconia and veneering ceramics.
 Methods: A total of 40 zirconia specimens and 10 nickel-chromium alloy were divided into 5 groups (n=10 in each group): a treatment group by zirconium oxide sand-blaste (Group A), a zirconia bonded porcelain group (Group B), a hot-etching solution group (Group C), a non-treatment zirconia (Group D) and a non-treatment nickel-chromium alloy group (Group E). After all treatments, a veneering porcelain (4 mm×4 mm×2 mm) was formed onto the center of all substrate specimens by plastic coating method. Shear bond strength (SBS) test with a universal testing machine was used in each group. Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the surface morphology of the damaged specimen interface, which was randomly selected from each group.
 Results: The SBS test showed that there was no significant difference in SBS results between the Group A, the Group B and the Group D (both P>0.05), and both of them were significant less than that in the group E (both P<0.05). The SBS results in the Group C were significantly higher than that in the Group D, the Group A, and the Group B (all P<0.05), but there were no significant difference compared with that in the Group E (P<0.05). 
 Conclusion: Sand-blaste and liner application on zirconia ceramic contribute no effect to binding strength between zirconia and veneering ceramics, but hot-etching solution can increase the binding strength between zirconia and veneering ceramics.
Ceramics ; Dental Bonding ; Dental Stress Analysis ; Dental Veneers ; Materials Testing ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Shear Strength ; Stress, Mechanical ; Surface Properties ; Zirconium