Objective To evaluate the patient dose from Hi-ART MV helical CT imaging in image-guided radiotherapy.Methods Weighted CT dose index (CTDI_W) was measured with PTW TM30009 CT ion chamber in head and body phantoms,respectively,for slice thicknesses of 2,4,6 mm with scanned range of 5 cm and 15 cm.Dose length products (DLP) were subsequently calculated.The CTDI_W and DLP were compared with XVI kV CBCT and ACQSim simulator CT for routine clinical protocols.Results An inverse relationship between CTDI and the slice thickness was found.The dose distribution was inhomogeneous owing to the attenuation of the couch.CTDI and DLP had close relationship with the slice thickness and the scanned range.Patient dose from MVCT was lower than XVI CBCT for head,but larger for body scan.Results CTDI_W can be used to assess the patient dose in MV helical CT due to its simplicity for measurement and reproducibility.Regular measurement should be performed in QA & QC program.Appropriate slice thickness and scan range should be chosen to reduce the patient dose.

Data warehouse of Fuzhou General Hospital as the example, the basic conception and requirements of data warehouse are introduced in this paper. The design and construction of data warehouse are described from the aspects of subject determination, data preparation, model building, model evaluation and interpretation, and model application and consolidation. The main function of the data warehouse of Fuzhou General Hospital is also mentioned.

Objectives:To discuss the observation of patients receiving simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus complicated with end-stage renal failure.　Methods:The patient received simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation with enteric drainage of exocrine pancreatic secretions.　Results:The important aspects were as follows: monitoring the functions of the transplanted pancreas and kidney, observing the early characteristics of rejection, especially the pancreas, preventing thrombosis of blood vessels of the transplanted pancreas, digestive tract hemorrhage，pancreatitis, and preventing duodenal fistula. 　Conclusion:By careful clinical observation, postoperative complications could be found earlier, which aided the treatment and improved the prognosis.

easurement should be performed in QA & QC program. Optimal image parameters should be chosen to reduce the scanning range and patient dose.

Objective To introduce management of control and thinking from LIS System for providing some advice on the realization of clinical laboratory informatization. Methods Combined with our practical work, the general requirements, the overall structure, the design principles, the charging and the data security management of current information systems were analyzed. Results Under this model, LIS system was stable and secure, the laboratory workflow was also reasonable and the charging system is well in order. Conclusion The reasonable design and an overall co -ordination are required by the clinical laboratory information system, which will be better for our laboratory work and contribute much to the automation of laboratory information administration.

purpose: to investigate the adhesive properties of renal tubular epithelial cells on matrigel and compared with the following three cases: ischemia、hypoxia and ischemia & hypoxia(I/H).materials and methods: A micropipette aspiration technique was adopted to determine the adhesive mechanics of renal tubular epithelial cells on matrige. results: it showed that the adhesion of renal tubular epithelial cells on matrigel was higher than that of those three model, further more, a different factor was followed by different adhesive mechanic. conclusion: the adhesion of I/H is lower, the ischemia is higher, but all were lower compared with control. It suggested that effect of hypoxia on adhesive properties of renal tubular epithelial cells on matrigel is bigger than that of ichemia.

Objective To explore the application value of multi-ISO center planning method in intensity-modulated radiotherapy for carniospinal irradiation.Methods Ten patients treated with craniospinal irradiation with helical tomotherapy were selected.For these patients, new plans were designed with multi-ISO centers planning method on the treatment planning system (TPS) named Eclipse 11.0.Dose distribution to the tumor, OARs and normal tissue, the treatment time and the monitor units (MUs) of the two plans were compared.Results The plans designed in two groups satisfied all clinical requirements.For the tumor target (PTV) , the difference of D95％ between two groups was not statistical significant, while D9s ％ , D2 ％ and HI in HT group were superior to M-ISO group (t =2.822,2.333,4.743, P ＜0.05) , D50％ , D and CI in M-ISO group were superior to HT group (t =5.259,3.685,8.835 ,P ＜ 0.05).The dose of OARs such as cochlea, parotid, submandibular gland, thyroid gland and kidney in HT group was lower than M-ISO group (t =4.365,5.416,2.674,3.077,2.782,2.607,4.659,P ＜0.05) , and the dose of pancreas and small bowel was higher than M-ISO group (t =5.265,5.935, P ＜ 0.05).Differences were not significant for V5 of normal tissue between two groups;while V10, V20 and V36 of normal tissue in M-ISO group were lower than HT group (t =3.57,3.701,2.602, P ＜ 0.05).M-ISO group reduced 41.0％ of the treatment time by average and reduced 94.1％ MUs by average.Conclusions Intensity-modulated radiotherapy for carniospinal irradiation with multi-ISO centers planning method not only met the requirements of clinical dosimetry, but also shorten the treatment time, reduced the damage to the machine.Multi-ISO centers planning method might be promoted as a new design scheme.

Objective To evaluate the role of equivalent uniform dose (EUD) in planning optimization of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for prostate cancer.Methods Ten patients with prostate cancer were randomly selected who treated with IMRT.For these patients,the treatment plans were designed with dose-volume objectives.Based on these plans,new plans were designed through replacing the dose-volume objectives with maximum EUD for rectum,bladder and small bowel,while keeping the dosevolume objectives unchanged.Comparison was made between the new plans and the former cones by paired t-test.Results The conformity index of planning target volume was better with EUD optimization compared to dose-volume (1.00 ± 0.04 ∶ 0.94 ± 0.04,t =3.80,P =0.04).The D53,D30 and Dicm3 for rectum was better with EUD optimization compared to dose-volume (24.4 ± 2.7 ∶ 25.5 ± 2.6,t =-3.82,P =0.004,34.1 ±4.3∶39.1±2.1,t=-3.80,P=0.004 and51.4±1.0∶51.8±0.9,t=-2.42,P=0.039),with V10,V20 for bladder and V10,V20,V30,V40 for small bowel also better with EUD optimization (92.2 ±6.2∶99.4±1.1,t=-4.28,P=0.002;70.7±5.7∶78.7±6.3,t=-3.10,P=0.013 and 62.2±30.2∶74.7 ±30.0,t =-4.18,P =0.002;34.3 ±26.3∶46.5 ±30.9,t =-5.46,P =0.000;17.1 ±17.0∶25.1 ±22.6,t=-3.52,P=0.007;10.6± 11.5∶ 15.6± 16.1,t=-2.64,P=0.030).Conclusions The conformity index of planning target volume is better with EUD optimization compared to dose-volume.And the dose to rectum,bladder and small bowel can be reduced through optimization with EUD optimization compared to dose-volume.

Objective To evaluate the variations of effective doges with the preset scanning parameters from linac-integrated kV cone beam CT( CBCT). Methods Weighted CT dose index(CTDIW) were measured with PTW TM30009 CT ion chamber in head phantom and body phantom, respectively, for different combinations of tube voltage, mAs, collimator and gantry rotation range. Dose length products(DLP) were derived from CTDIW and effective doses(E) were calculated by the DLP and EDLP. Results CTDIW and effective dose had the quadratical relationship with tube voltage, depending linearly on product of tube current and exposure time. Effective dose had close relationship with the collimator and the gantry rotation range. Both the DLP and ED for CBCT were lower than the reference dose level recommended for conventional CT. Conclusions Effective dose from CBCT has a close relationship with the scanning parameters. Optimal imaging parameters should be chosen according to the patient's anatomy to reduce patient dose.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of renal damage due to rupture of atheroselerotic plaque of renal artery in apolipoprotein E (ApoE) knock-out mice. Methods The model for atherosclerotie renal artery stenosis (ARAS) was established by using ApoE knockout mice. The model mice with renal artery stenosis <50% were divided into the plaque rupture group and the non-plaque rupture group. Wild-type C57BL/6J mice were used as the control group. All the mice were raised under the same conditions. The renal arteries and kidneys were collected for the following analysis. Nuclear factor-kappa-Bp65 (NF-kBp65), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and P-selectin (P-sel) were determined by Western blotting. The expression of interleukin 6 (IL-6) mRNA was detected by RT-PCR. Immunohistochemistry was performed by using serial sections to detect F4/80-related macrophages. Urine n-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase (NAG) activity was determined by direct enzyme-substrate coloration. Results In comparison with the nonplaque rupture group and the control group, the expression of NF-kBp65 protein in the blood, renal artery and kidney increased significantly in the plaque rupture group (P<0.05). The expression of F4/80, ICAM-1, P-sel, and IL-6 mRNA were increased significantly in the plaque rupture group (P<0.05), as compared with the non-plaque rupture group and the control group. The Ser and the activity of urine NAG in the plaque rupture group were higher than those in the non-plaque rapture group. The expression of NF-KBp65 protein differed insignificantly between the control group and the non-plaque rupture group (P>O.05). The group differences in the expression of F4/80, ICAM-1, P-sel, and IL-6 mRNA were similar to those in the expression of NF-KBp65 protein. The group differences in the activity of urine NAG and the Scr were similar to those in the expression of NF-kBp65 protein. Conclusion Rupture of atherosclerotic plaque of renal artery causes renal pathology change and renal function damage, which is mediated by inflammation.