Hypertensive renal damage is based on the extent and duration of hypertension, renal damage caused by varying severity. Hypertensive renal damage due to various causes imbalance of vascular active substances, renal arteriosclerosis, so that the abnormal renal hemodynamic, renal ischemia, low specific gravity of urine, low osmotic pressure and urine. The rapidly increasing incidence of hypertensive renal damage has become one of the most important reasons of end stage renal disease (ESRD). Effective treatment of hypertension is limited by poor compliance and significant adverse reaction of antihypertensive drugs. Therefore, some patients have turned to Chinese medicine (CM), hoping that such treatments might improve the efficiency. The author reviews relevant theory and the latest researches, on the basis of combining diseases and syndrome, discusses state and achievement of hypertensive renal damage with Chinese herbal medicines from fundamental and clinical research and action mechanism from standpoints of Chinese herbal compound and herbal effective chemical composition to take future research for important reference.
Antihypertensive Agents ; therapeutic use ; Disease Progression ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Hypertension, Renal ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Kidney ; drug effects ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) were first studied as growth factors or morphogens of the transforming growth factor-beta super family. These growth molecules, originally associated with bone and cartilage development, are now known to play important roles in morphogenesis and homeostasis in many other tissues. Recently, signiifcant contributions of BMPs, their receptors, and interacting molecules have been linked to carcinogenesis and tumor progression. BMPs can sometimes play a role as a tumor suppressor. This article explains the composition and biological characteristics of BMPs, and investigates their new roles in the pathogenesis of cancer.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the drug resistance of 141 clinical strains of Acinetobacter baumannii to 15 kinds of antimicrobial agents for the rational application of antimicrobial agents.METHODS All 141 strains of A.baumannii isolates were tested for minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) to 15 kinds of antimicrobial agents included meropenem,imipenem,piperacillin,and so on using agar dilution method.RESULTS The lowest resistance rate of A.baumannii to the antimicrobial agents was to imipenem(22.7%),then was to meropenem and cefoperazone/sulbactam.The highest resistance rate was tetracycline(81.5%).The resistance rate to other antimicrobial agents was to about or more than 50%.CONCLUSIONS Most of A.baumannii isolates are susceptible to meropenem,imipenem,and cefoperazone/sulbactam and resistant to other antimicrobial agents,therefore,we should enhance to this kind of isolates detection.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the resistance and molecular epidemiology of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from ICU. METHODS Susceptibility of P. aeruginosa isolates to 14 antimicrobial agents were tested by microScan WalkAway-40 system,and Molecular typing was analyzed by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus(ERIC-PCR). RESULTS The lowest resistance rate of P. aeruginosa to the antimicrobial agents was to ceftazidime (27.3%),then to cefepime (45.5%). The highest resistance rate was to cefotaxime (100.0%) and the resistance rate to other antimicrobial agents was more than 60.0%. Patterns of ERIC-PCR were same in 5 strains of P. aeruginosa. CONCLUSIONS P. aeruginosa isolated from ICU is resistant to most of antimicrobial agents and clone spread is found in them. We should enhance detection and surveying of these isolates.

Objective To investigate molecular epidemiology profile of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in ICU ward.Methods Twenty-five MRSA strains were typed by arbitrarily primed PCR (AP-PCR).Results Ten different AP-PCR patterns (A-G) were found among 25 MRSA strains.Most of MRSA in ICU ward were A and B pulsotype.Conclusion Hospital acquired MRSA is multi-resistant to antibiotics.A and B pulsotype MRSA outbreak occures in ICU ward.

Objective To develop a reliable scale for evaluating medication compliance among patients with chronic diseases in China.Methods An initial item pool was generated by literature review,based on the definition of compliance generally accepted in China.The items were then subjected to item selections by using item answer distribution and other four methods,which resulted in a primary scale with 16 items.The reliability and validity of this scale was examined.Results Common factors extracted by factor analysis were well explained,there being a close correspondence between the scale construction and the theoretical construction. Convergent validity with the patients' self-ratings on medication compliance ranged from 0.55 to 0.59,and the correlation coefficient with the score of Morisky questionnaire was 0.58.The Cronbach ?,0 and ? coefficients were 0.717,0.751,0.893 respectively,and test-retest reliability was 0.95.Conclusion The newly developed scale appears reliable and may be a useful tool for measuring drug compliance among patients with chronic diseases,but there are still areas where further improvements may be needed.

Objective To analyze the MRI characteristics of cavernous angioma of the epidural space in spine.Methods MR imaging features of cavernous angioma of epidural space in 3 cases confirmed by surgery-pathology were analysed with literature review . Results Among the three cases,the tumors located in the lumbar spine in one and in the thoracic spine in 2.The tumors were all at posterior to the spinal cord and shuttle-shaped,the major axis was consistent with the spinal ordinate axis,the corresponding plane spinal cords were compressed and resulting in distortion and shift.The tumors were high signal intensity on T_2WI,and obviously homogeneous enhanced after Gd-DTPA administration. Conclusion MRI examination is the best method to diagnose this kind of disease.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the two common anesthesia techniques used in the hip joint replacement surgery (HJRS) and provide references to the most reasonable choice for them. MethodsTo undertake a retrospective study on 34 patients that received continuous epidural anesthesia(CEA) or combined intravenous and inhaled anesthesia(CIIA)respectively in HJRS. Results and Conclusions CEA had higher incidence of bone cement reaction than that of CIIA, whereas there was no significant difference in blood loss and the anesthesia efficacy between them. CIIA seemed to be easier to be performed. CIIA sounds more reasonable than CEA in HJRS although both of them are safe anesthesia techniques.

Objective To investigate the optical coherence tomography (OCT) characteristics of traumatic maculopathy. Design Retrospective case series. Participants 477 patients (486 eyes) with traumatic maculopathy, who aged from 4 years to 76 years. Method The clinical and OCT data of patients from September 2002 to June 2009 in Beijing Tongren Hospital were reviewed. Main outcome measures Features of the OCT images. Results The major findings by OCT in traumatic maculopathy included: macular hole, sensory retinal detachment, macular hemorrhage, epimacular membrane, choroidal rupture, sensory retinal atrophy, retinal pigment ep-ithelium (RPE) and choroid atrophy. In the early stage after trauma, the common findings with OCT are atrophy of RPE(49.0%), macular hole(24.7%), sensory retinal detachment(26.3%),macular hemorrhage(24.2%) and macular edema(19.2%); in the middle-late stage, atro-phy of RPE (63.0%)and atrophy of sensory retina (36.5%) are the most common changes revealed with OCT. Conclusions OCT is a useful diagnostic modality for imaging traumatic maculopathy. Diverse changes of retina and choroid are usually coexisting by OCT. At-rophy of RPE is the most common change throughout the course. In the early stage, macular hole, sensory retinal detachment, macular hemorrhage and edema are the common changes. In the middle-late stage, atrophy of sensory retina and/or RPE is the dominating change. (Ophthalmol CHN, 2009, 18: 236-238)