Objective To study the distribution of K15 alleles of human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) in Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) in Xinjiang,and to investigate the relationship between clinical profiles of KS and alleles of HHV-8 K15.Methods HHV-8 DNA was extracted with phenol-chloroform-isoamyl alcohol from 27 formalin-fixed,paraffin-embedded tissue specimens of KS.The HHV-8 K15 gene was amplified by nested- PCR,and sequenced for the identification of K15 allele.Results HHV-8 DNA could be detected in 22 (81.48%) out of 27 KS patients in Xinjiang.HHV-8 DNA was detected in all 4 patients with AIDS-related KS.Twenty viral strains were identified as P type,including all 4 from the AIDS-related KS patients;two strains were identified as M type,which were all from the classical KS patients.Conclusions In KS,most of HHV-8 K15 alleles are P type,and some are M type.The 4 patients with AIDS-related KS all carried P type of K15 allele.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate a technique for decreasing the tension of the nasal floor during the procedures of repairing complete clef lip.

METHODSWith the designation of an inferior turbinate mucosal flap combined with an oral mucosal flap in the splitting side, the tension was effectively decreased and the nasal floor was closed easily. Eighteen patients was selected for the treatment with this technique since 2000. The follow-ups were 10 to 24 months.

RESULTSAll of the patients showed wound healing well with the significant improvement in the donor site.

CONCLUSIONThe above mentioned technique may effectively decrease the tension and be used to close the nasal floor safely. It could also reduce the incidence of the complications.

Cleft Lip ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infant ; Nasal Mucosa ; blood supply ; surgery ; Reproducibility of Results ; Surgical Flaps ; supply & distribution ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; methods ; Treatment Outcome

AIM: To report the long- term clinical outcomes of accelerated trans-epithelial corneal cross-linking ( CXL ) protocols using KXL System ( Avedro, USA ) in the treatment of progressive keratoconus. · METHODS: Totally 52 patients ( 102 eyes ) with progressive keratoconus between December 2014 and February 2017 [ maximum keratometry values ( Kmax) ≤60.0D, minimum corneal thickness(Thk) ≥400m] were treated with an accelerate trans-epithelial CXL protocol (UV-A irradiation intensity 45mW/cm2 with a total fluence of 7. 2J/cm2 ) using KXL system ( Avedro, USA ) in Southwest Hospital. The average follow-up time was 11. 65mo (range: 9-26mo). Uncorrected distance visual acuity ( UDVA) , corrected distance visual acuity ( CDVA) , intra- ocular pressure ( IOP ) , slit-lamp microscope examination, Kmax and average keratometry values ( AveK ) , corneal stromal demarcation line depth and endothelial cell density ( ECD) were evaluated. ·RESULTS:The 52 patients (102 eyes) were included in this research, male 36 (70 eyes) and female 16 (32 eyes), average age was 19. 5±4. 6 years. Preoperative CDVA was 0. 84±0. 89 (LogMAR), postoperative CDVA was 0. 69±0. 72 ( P = 0. 398 ). Preoperative UDVA was 1. 02 ± 0. 62 (LogMAR), postoperative UDVA was 0. 85 ± 0. 59 ( P =0. 154 ). Preoperative IOP was 12. 95 ± 4. 40mmHg, postoperative IOP was 11.92±3. 66mmHg (P=0. 272). No statistical difference (P=0. 552) has been found between preoperative and postoperative ECD. Nevertheless, on the Sirius anterior system ( Sirius, CSO, Itlay) , significant statistical difference (P=0. 017) was confirmed between preoperative Kmax ( 50. 83 ± 3. 48D ) and postoperative Kmax (52. 05±3. 63D). Meanwhile, the postoperative Avek (47.74±2. 51D) was significantly lower (P=0. 041) than the preoperative Avek ( 48. 73 ± 4. 33D ). The average corneal stromal demarcation line depth ( 192 ± 23. 6μm ) was detected by the anterior segment OCT. No statistical difference ( P = 0. 816 ) has been found between preoperative and postoperative Thk. No severe complication was observed in all cases. ·CONCLUSION: Accelerated trans-epithelial CXL was effective in decreasing keratometry values for progressive keratoconus in this research, and the outcomes remained stable during the follow-up time. No endothelium damage or other severe complications were observed in this clinical research. The accelerated trans-epithelial CXL is as effective as the standard CXL.

OBJECTIVETo compare video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) and open thoracotomy (OT) on acute inflammatory responses and immunosuppression after lobectomy for early non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

METHODSPresent prospective randomized study. OT or VATS lobectomy was performed in patients who met enter criteria and clinical data was collected. Plasma concentration of IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 were measured before surgery and at postoperative day (POD) 1 and POD 3. There were 271 patients underwent lobectomy for early NSCLC, including of 133 patients in group VATS and 138 patients in group OT from January 2007 to June 2008. There were 132 males and 139 females, aging from 19 ∼ 70 years with a mean of (56 ± 8) years.

RESULTSCompared with OT group, shorter postoperative hospital stay [(8.2 ± 2.5) d vs. (9.8 ± 6.2) d, P = 0.03], lower morbidity rate (11.3% vs. 21.7%, P = 0.02) and lower increase of plasma concentration of IL-6 at POD 1 [(35 ± 25)% vs. (65 ± 43)%, P = 0.00], IL-6 at POD 3 [(14 ± 22)% vs. (55 ± 44)%, P = 0.00] and IL-10 at POD 1 [(25 ± 20)% vs. (43 ± 35)%, P = 0.00] were observed in patients of VATS group.

CONCLUSIONVATS lobectomy for early NSCLC is associated with less acute inflammatory responses and less immunosuppression when compared with OT.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; blood ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Interleukin-10 ; blood ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Interleukin-8 ; blood ; Interleukins ; blood ; Lung Neoplasms ; blood ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumonectomy ; methods ; Prospective Studies ; Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted ; Thoracotomy ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVERasmussen syndrome (RS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown origin, usually affecting one brain hemisphere. The present study aimed to analyze the electroclinical characteristics and treatment of RS.

METHODSThe medical records of 16 children with RS were retrospectively reviewed.

RESULTSOf the 16 children, 8 were males and 8 were females. The age of onset was from 1 year and 11 months to 11 years and 6 months. The first symptom was seizure in all patients. The main seizure type was partial motor seizures. In all the patients, seizures gradually became frequent and in the form of epilepsia partialis continua (EPC). Thirteen cases developed hemiparesis. Fixed hemiparesis occurred from 2 months to 3 years after the onset of seizures. The cognitive deterioration was present in 14. The EEG background activity was abnormal in all the cases, asymmetric slow wave disturbances were bilateral but with unilateral predominance in 11, unilateral delta or theta wave in 8. The presence of interictal epileptiform discharges were found in all cases, unilateral in 11 and bilateral in 5. Seizures were recorded in all patients, no electroclinical correlation was found in 5. Serial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed progressive unihemispheric or focal cortical atrophy in all cases. Six cases transiently showed focal cortical swelling or T2/FLAIR hyperintense signal on early scans. Antiepileptic drugs were not effective in any of the patients. Three of 10 patients receiving immunoglobulin, and 4 of 8 receiving corticosteroids, had some reduction of seizure frequency for a short period. Six patients accepted functional hemispherectomy, in 4 of them seizure no longer occurred and cognitive function was improved. The results of multiple subpial transection in 2 cases and focal resection in one patient were disappointing.

CONCLUSIONThe clinical features of RS were refractory partial epilepsy, progressive hemiplegia and cognitive deterioration. The EEG background was asymmetric with slow wave activity, interictal epileptiform discharges were unilateral or bilateral, no electroclinical correlation occurred. Serial MRI showed progressive unihemispheric focal cortical atrophy. Antiepileptic drugs were not effective for RS. In some patients, immunoglobulin or corticosteroids could reduce seizure frequency in the short term. Functional hemispherectomy could lead to seizure control and prevent further development of neurological impairment and cognitive deterioration.

Anticonvulsants ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cognition ; drug effects ; Electroencephalography ; Encephalitis ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; prevention & control ; Epilepsia Partialis Continua ; drug therapy ; prevention & control ; Epilepsy ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Female ; Hemispherectomy ; methods ; Humans ; Infant ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the early outcome of patients who underwent video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) lobectomy for primary lung carcinoma.

METHODSThe records of 121 patients with lung cancer undergoing VATS lung resection from 1997 to 2004 were reviewed retrospectively, I stage: 101 cases, 34 cases underwent right upper lobectomy, 13 cases underwent right middle lobectomy, 17 cases underwent right down lobectomy, 21 cases underwent left upper lobectomy, 16 cases underwent left down lobectomy. Thirty-eight cases underwent VATS lobectomy without assisted mini-incision.

RESULTSThere were 18 cases of morbidities (15%) and no surgical mortality. The 1-year, 2-year and 3-year survival rates of primary non-small cell lung cancer with I stage is: 99% (76/77), 96% (49/51) and 79% (15/19), respectively. There are statistic difference (P < 0.01) between adenocarcinoma and the others. There are no statistic difference (P > 0.05) between the VATS lobectomy with assisted mini-incision (n = 38) and without (n = 63), also no statistic difference (P > 0.05) between the VATS lobectomy and the standard procedure.

CONCLUSIONOur findings suggest that VATS lobectomy is superior regarding its ability to achieve the same survival rates and little morbidities in comparison with the standard procedure.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Bronchogenic ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumonectomy ; methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted ; Time Factors ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo analyse related risk factors of classic Kaposi' s sarcoma in Xinjiang.

METHODSA 1:4 case-control study was used and the conditional logistic regression model was performed in this study. Cases were followed up in Xinjiang while controls were selected by the same sex, nation and age within 5 years with cases.

RESULTSInterleukin-6,vascular endothelial growth factor, beta-MG, neopterin, human herpevirus 8, were found to be associated with Kaposi's sarcoma risk in one-way variance model while beta2 -MG and human herpevirus 8 entered the multiple conditional logistic regression model, and their ORs were 1.002(95%CI: 1.000-1.003), 81.041 (95%CI: 1.790-3669.620).

CONCLUSIONThere was a correlate relationship between beta2 -MG and classic Kaposi's sarcoma being found that human herpevirus 8 exposure related factors seemed to have played important roles on classic Kaposi's sarcoma in Xinjiang.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; Female ; Herpesviridae Infections ; complications ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Risk Factors ; Sarcoma, Kaposi ; complications ; epidemiology ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors related to abuse and negligence against the elderly in the rural areas. Methods 975 elderly over 60 years from 41counties in Anhui province were included. All participants completed an anonymous questionnaire including items as: educational background, marital condition, income, child-discipline, rude action to parents, daily activities, physical functions, having chronic illness, abuse and negligence against the elderly, etc. Results In the last year, rates of common physical abuse, serious physical abuse,emotional abuse, financial exploitation, negligence, overall abuse and negligence against the elderly were 4.5%, 1.5%, 26.9%, 4.9%, 7.2%, 29.9% respectively. Among the 281 victims, 80.4% reported that they were suffered more than 3 times of abuse and neglect episodes, and 34.9% reported that they were suffered more than 2 forms of abuse and negligence. The primary sadism was carried out by the daughter-in-law or son-in-law (43.2%) of the elderly. Low activity on daily life and having chronic illness were the risk factors causing common physical abuse while better education was the protective factor to it, Low ability in managing daily activity of living was the risk factor causing serions physical abuse. Less active on daily life and having rude action to parents were the risk factors to emotional abuse, but being strict with their children was the protective factor to emotional abuse. Less active on daily life, often beating their children and having rude action to parents were the risk factors related to financial exploitation. Less active on daily life, having rude action to parents and having bad physical functions were the risk factors causing negligence. Less active on daily life and having rude manner to parents were the risk factors of overall elderly abuse and negligence, but being strict with their children was protective factor to the abuse and negligence against the elderly. Conclusion High prevalence on abuse and negligence against the elderly was seen in the rural areas of China. Different forms on elderly abuse and negligence were affected by different factors that called for more attention to be paid to those elderly with lower ability in managing their daily life.

BACKGROUNDThe severity of respiratory distress was associated with neonatal prognosis. This study aimed to explore the clinical characteristics, therapeutic interventions and short-term outcomes of late preterm or term infants who required respiratory support, and compare the usage of different illness severity assessment tools.

METHODSSeven neonatal intensive care units in tertiary hospitals were recruited. From November 2008 to October 2009, neonates born at ≥ 34 weeks' gestational age, admitted at < 72 hours of age, requiring continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or mechanical ventilation for respiratory support were enrolled. Clinical data including demographic variables, underlying disease, complications, therapeutic interventions and short-term outcomes were collected. All infants were divided into three groups by Acute care of at-risk newborns (ACoRN) Respiratory Score < 5, 5 - 8, and > 8.

RESULTSDuring the study period, 503 newborn late preterm or term infants required respiratory support. The mean gestational age was (36.8 ± 2.2) weeks, mean birth weight was (2734.5 ± 603.5) g. The majority of the neonates were male (69.4%), late preterm (63.3%), delivered by cesarean section (74.8%), admitted in the first day of life (89.3%) and outborn (born at other hospitals, 76.9%). Of the cesarean section, 51.1% were performed electively. Infants in the severe group were more mature, had the highest rate of elective cesarean section, Apgar score < 7 at 5 minutes and resuscitated with intubation, the in-hospital mortality increased significantly. In total, 58.1% of the patients were supported with mechanical ventilation and 17.3% received high frequency oscillation. Adjunctive therapies were commonly needed. Higher rate of infants in severe group needed mechanical ventilation or high frequency oscillation, volume expansion, bicarbonate infusion or vasopressors therapy (P < 0.05). The incidence of complications was also increased significantly in severe group (P < 0.05). The in-hospital mortality in the severe group was significantly higher than other two groups (P < 0.05). ACoRN Respiratory Score was correlated with Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology-Version II (SNAP-II) (P < 0.01). High gestational age, high SNAP-II score and oxygenation index (OI), and Apgar score at 5 minutes < 5 were independent risks for death.

CONCLUSIONSNeonatal respiratory distress is still a common cause of hospitalization in China. Illness severity assessment is important for the management. ACoRN Respiratory Score which correlated with SNAP-II score is easy to use and may be helpful in facilitating the caregivers in local hospital to identify the early signs and make the transfer decision promptly.

Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Prospective Studies ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn ; epidemiology ; therapy ; Severity of Illness Index

OBJECTIVE： To study the improvement effect of Shenrong bunao capsule on learning and memory ability of Alzheimer’s disease （AD） model mice， and to investigate its mechanism. METHODS： Totally 72 mice were randomly divided into blank control group （normal saline）， model group （normal saline）， Piracetam tablets group （positive control，0.80 g/kg），Shenrong bunao capsule high-dose，middle-dose and low-dose groups （1.92， 0.96， 0.48 g/kg）， with 12 mice in each group. Except that blank control group was given constant volume of normal saline subcutaneously. Other groups were given D-galactose （150 mg/kg） subcutaneously and sodium nitrite （50 mg/kg） intraperitoneally every day to induce AD model. At the same time，they were given relevant medicine intragastrically，once a day， for consecutive 60 d. 1 h after last administration， Morris water maze test was used to measure escape latency and times of crossing the platform within 90 s. HE staining was used to observe pathological changes of cerebral cortex in mice. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expressions of TNF-α， NF-κB p65， PI3K and Akt in cerebral cortex of mice. RESULTS： Compared with blank control group， escape latency was prolonged significantly （P＜0.01）， and the times of crossing the platform within 90 s was decreased significantly in model group （P＜0.01）. The neurons in cerebral cortex was damaged obviously， and the number of intact neurons was decreased significantly （P＜0.01）. The protein expressions of TNF-α， NF-κB p65， PI3K and Akt in cerebral cortex were increased significantly （P＜0.01）. Compared with model group， except that there was no statistical significance in escape latency， protein expressions of TNF-α， NF-кB p65， PI3K and Akt in Shenrong bunao capsule low-dose group （P＞0.05）， above indexes of other administration groups were improved significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS： Shenrong bunao capsule can improve the learning and memory ability of AD model mice， and its mechanism may be related to the inhibiting the protein expressions of TNF-α，NF-κB p65， PI3K and Akt in cerebral cortex region and relieving inflammation injury so as to protect cranial nerve.