Objective To investigate the clinical effect of drug enhanced ultrasonography in the diagnosis of non obstructive lower ureteral segments. Methods 60 cases of non obstructive lower ureteral calculi were treated in our hospital from January 2015 to January 2017. They were divided into 2 groups according to different diagnostic methods. The patients in the control group were diagnosed by X ray digital tomography, and the observation group were treated with drugs to enhance the diagnostic value of ultrasonography. The clinical diagnosis of two groups of patients were recorded in detail, and the data obtained were compared and analyzed.Results The diagnostic effect of the observation group was better than that of the control group, the diagnostic accuracy of the separation of the ipsilateral pelvis and ureter diameter was higher than that of the control group, and the diagnostic accuracy rate of the stones was higher than that of the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The drug enhanced ultrasound imaging in diagnosis of patients with non obstructive ureteral stones of high value, the accurate diagnosis of patients with renal pelvis and ureter diameter light separation, the diagnostic rate, it is widely used in clinical.

Objective To observe the pharmacodynamic characteristics of different doses of cis-atracurium used in laparoscopic surgery on children.Methods 80 cases of selective laparoscopic surgery on children were randomly divided into 2 groups, 2 ED95 (Ⅰ group) or 3 ED95 (Ⅱ group) of cis-atracurium were intravenously given respectively.Record two group's muscle block time-effect and intubation conditions to observe the onset time of block, TOF-free response period, duration of anesthesia, muscle relaxation index and time in vivo recovery.Results Tracheal intubation in group Ⅱ with muscle relaxant block and intubation conditions better than groupⅠ;onset time of muscle relaxation in group Ⅱshorter than that in groupⅠ;TOF non-response period, maintain time of block and the time of function in vivo of two groups were different significantly;muscle recovery index were not significantly different Conclusion 3ED95 inducing dose of cis-atracurium effect on children with fast and excellent intubation conditions, and no response to TOF period and maintain time of block and the time of function in vivo longer than 2ED95 dose cis-atracurium;two groups had no significant difference in recovery index.

Objective:To explore the possibility of treatment of microencapsulated transgeneic cells on allotransplantation cells. Methods: The peritoned cavity of mice were injected with Alginate-chitosan microencapsules, which were prepared by drop generative technique and contained human fibroblastlike bone marrow stroma cells transgened by partial CEA gene. Results: The microencapsulated cells transplanted in mouse abdominal cavity could go on growing, proliferate and increase the immune reaction of T lymphocyte from mice spleen to ConA stimulation in 3 months. Conclusion :The study shows that Alginate-chitosan have good biocompatibility, strength and can be used as an immunoisola-tion tool in cell transplantation. The microencapsulated cell transplantation can help to broaden the cell source of allotransplantation and provide reliable proof for the study on treatment malignant tumor with microencapsulated transgeneic cell vaccine.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of retroperitoneal laparoscopic ureterolithotomy.Methods A total of 34 cases(38 sides) of middle(5 sides) or upper(33 sides) ureteral calculus were treated by retroperitoneal laparoscopic ureterolithotomy.The stones were(0.8 cm?1.0 cm)~(1.5 cm?3.0 cm) in size.Twenty cases had been previously treated by unsuccessful extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy(ESWL).Results The operation was successfully completed in 33 cases and a conversion to open surgery was required in 1 case because of extensive adhesion and blood oozing.The operating time was 45~190 min(mean,85.5 min),the intraoperative blood loss was 10~50 ml(mean,20.6 ml),and the postoperative hospitalization,3~7 d(mean,4.3 d).Postoperative recovery was uneventful.No complication was observed during a 3~24 months(mean,9.7 months) of follow-up.Conclusions Retroperitoneal laparoscopic ureterolithotomy is micro-invasive,simple to perform,and safe.

Objective To optimize the extraction technology for Gengniankang Granules.Methods An orthogonal test was adopted in the study.The contents of Paeoniflorin and Astragaloside Ⅳ were used as indices of appraisal.Data processing was carried out with the multiple guidelines grading method for optimizing the extraction condition.Results The optimized extraction technology for Gengniankang Granules was shown to be:eighteen fold volume of 70% alcohol should be added to 1 volume of the granules for 3 successive reflux extractions with 1.5 h of each.Conclusion The optimized extraction technology was rational and the extraction rate of the active components was high.

Objective To recognite the importance of early emergent management of and prevention therapy of complication in acute cervical spine injury. Methods early emergent support and 8 types and 715 early complications and their prevention and management in 194 cases with acute cervical spinal cord injury admitted through 1989 to 1995 were reviewed.Results Mortality in early stage can be markedly reduced with routinely and standardization of early emergency treatment obviously reduced the mortality procedure,pulmonary complication being the main cause of death, while early complications can delay surgical treatment,increase the cost and the staying in hospital and reduce difficulty of rehabilitation.Conclusion Early complication occurring in the first days with its own feature, prevention or treatment properly will be benefit for the treatment of the neural lesion and following rehabilitation.

Objective To understand the pathogenetic role and clinical significance of interleukin 6(IL－ 6 ),tumor necrosis factor(TNF) and soluble interleukin－ 2 receptor(sIL－ 2R) in patients with cerebral infarction(CI) .Methods The IL－ 6,TNF and sIL－ 2R levels were measured in 46 CI patients with ELISA. Results The serum IL－ 6,TNF and sIL－ 2R levels of CI group were much higher than those of controls group .The variation of IL－ 6,TNF and sIL－ 2R levels was closely related to the size of cerebral infarction. The serum IL－ 6,TNF and sIL－ 2R levels of recovery period were much lower than those of acute period in patients with CI .Conclusions The IL－ 6 ,TNF and sIL－ 2R take part in the pathologic process after CI .The measurement of IL－ 6, TNF and sIL－ 2R is useful in determining the size of cerebral infarction.

Objective To study the efficacy of BuShen QiangJingTang on oligoasthenozoospermia. Methods 100 patients with oligoasthenozoospermia were selected and divided into observation group (n=50) and control group (n=50) randomly, observation group were given BuShen QiangJingTang, while control group were given WuZi YanZong pills, then the efficacy was compared.Results Efficiency of observation group was 96%, which was obviously higher than control group (54%, P<0.05).Before treatment, semen parameters and symptom scores had no statistical significant differences; after treatment, semen volume, sperm survival rate, sperm density and sperm activity of observation group were significantly higher than control group, the scores of symptom (lumbar debility, fatigue weakness, nocturia) were significantly lower than control group(P<0.05).No adverse reactions were observed in two groups.Conclusion The efficacy of BuShen QiangJingTang applied to oligoasthenozoospermia is satisfying,and it can significantly improve sperm quality and activity.

Objective To investigate the surgical treatment and clinical outcome of patients with intracranial posterior circulation poor-grade aneurysms. Methods The clinical data of 35 patients with intracranial posterior circulation poor-grade aneurysms were collected. Seventeen patients were World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) grade IV and 18 patients were WFNS grade V. Twenty- nine patients were definitively treated with open microsurgery treatment(2 patients) and endovascular treatment (27 patients). Six patients received conservative treatment, including 4 patients only receiving external ventricular drainage to decrease intracranial pressure and 2 patients only receiving medical treatment. The nerve function were evaluated by Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) at discharge from hospital and 1 and 12 months after operation. Results In the patients who received conservative treatment, 5 patients were dead in hospital, and 1 patient got good outcome after 12 months. In the patients who received surgical treatment, at discharge from hospital good outcome were achieved in 15 patients (51.7%), poor outcome in 9 patients (31.0%), and death happened in 5 patients (17.2%). At 1 month after operation, good outcomes were achieved in 14 patients (48.3%), poor outcome in 9 patients (31.0%), and death happened in 6 patients (20.7%). At 12 months after operation, good outcome were achieved in 18 patients (62.1%), poor outcome in 5 patients (17.2%), and death happened in 6 patients (20.7%). Conclusions Patients with posterior circulation poor-grade aneurysms have better prognosis after positive surgical treatment.

Objective To explore the effects of total flavonoids from portulaca against liver fibrosis in rats by detecting TGF-β1 gene and protein expressions. Methods A total of 48 SD rats were randomly divided into normal control, model control, glucyrrhizin aqueous,and total flavonoids groups,with 12 rats in each group. Except those in the normal control group, rats in other groups were intraperitoneally injected with 2 mL · kg-1 · d-1 carbon tetrachloride to induce liver fibrosis. Rats in glucyrrhizin aqueous group and total flavonoids ones were intragastrically administered with 15. 75 mg · kg-1 of glycyrrhizin aqueous solution or 35. 6 mg·kg-1 of total flavonoids aqueous solution,respectively. The normal and model control groups were administered with equal volume of aqueous solution. Thirty days later,rats were sacrificed by anesthesia. Livers were obtained to detect TGF-β1 gene and protein expressions by RT-PCR and Western-Blot. Results Relative gene expression of TGF-β1 in the normal control,model control,glucyrrhizin aqueous and flavonoids groups was 0. 725±0. 130,7. 493±1. 410,3. 016±1. 240,and 2. 668±1. 150,respectively. Total flavonoids from portulaca significantly reduced the gene (P<0. 01) and protein (P<0. 01) expressions of TGF-β1 . Conclusion Efficacy of total flavonoids from portulaca in treating hepatic fibrosis may be related to decreased TGF-β1 expression in rats.