Objective:To summarize the research advance in antitumor activity of dandelion in recent 5 years.Methods:The lit-eratures on the antitumor activity of various extracts of dandelion in recent 5 years were collected , including the effective components such as polysaccharide , triterpenes , phytosterols , flavonoids and organic acids etc .Results:Dandelion showed antitumor activity .The polysaccharide ingredients could effectively prevent the proliferation of pancreatic cancer PANC -1 cells, lupeol could reduce the activity of breast cancer MCF-7 cells, and beta sitosterol could induce the apoptosis of human cervical cancer Hela cells .Conclusion:Dande-lion is effective in the treatment of pancreatic cancer , breast cancer and cervical cance etc .The antitumor activity of the other active in-gredients in dandelion needs further research in order to provide complete theoretical and experimental evidence for the potential appli -cation as antitumor medicine in clinics .

Objective The effect of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) on smoking reduction,cessation and human health remains controversial,meanwhile,studies tocused on e-cigarettes are limited.We conducted this meta-analysis in purpose of helping figuring out the controversy.Methods PubMed, Medline,Embase,Cochrane library,CNKl and Wanfang Databases were searched for articles published up to May 2014.All studies discussing the relationship between e-cigarettes and smoking reduction,smoking cessation or human health were included.The fixed or random-eftect model was used to pool the relative risk(RR).Outcome 4 articles were included based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria,there were totally 7 002 subjects.Meta-analysis indicated that there was significant difference in e-cigarettes and smoking reduction,RR=1.88,95％ CI:1.07-3.32,P=0.09.The Meta-analysis showed that e-cigarettes were available in smoking cessation.RR=1.55,95％ CI:1.24-1.95,P=0.001.Conclusion Tiffs meta-analysis indicated that e-cigarettes were helpful in smoking cessation.Nonetheless,the articles included were too few to credibly support the outcome.Hence,more high-quality,randomized blind and large sample experiments are needed to verify the results.

Normal bacteria purification method was used in this study. Pseudomonas trivialis and Neurospora te-trasperma were screened from residues of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The fermentation conditions and flocculating function were also studied. The results showed that the selected strains grow well in the residues of TCM and their products can flocculate kaolin suspension solution. Based on these, we explored effects of various factors on the flocculated results in order to reveal the best fermentation condition among different combinations.

Near infrared chemical imaging (NIR-CI) is an emerging technology for rapidly analyzing the critical quality attribute of Chinese materia medica (CMM). It integrates NIR spectroscopy with chemical imaging. In this paper, it provided a systematic introduction to NIR-CI, such as the core part of instrument, the reliability, transformation, analysis and application of high-dimensional data acquisition. In addition, current studies of NIR-CI application in pharmaceutical field were analyzed. Finally, future opportunities and challenges of NIR -CI applications in the quality control of CMM preparation were prospected.

Objective To evaluate total gastrectomy and regular lymph node dissection for the treatment of advanced cardiac cancer. Methods Three hundred and eighty-seven patients with advanced cardiac cancer underwent total gastrectomy D2+ procedure. The relationships between depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis,the number of metastastic lymph nodes dissected and postoperative survival rate were analyzed. Results The 3-year and 5-year survival rates were 47.3% and 34.2% , respectively. Metastatic rate of N3 lymph node was 4. 8% and 15. 2% in advanced cardiac patients of PT3 and PT4, respectively. Survival rates significantly decreased along with the increase of lymph node metastasis. The 3-year and 5-year survival of patients who had less than 15 lymph nodes dissected was significantly poorer than those who had more than 15 lymph nodes dissected, respectively. The postoperative complication rate and mortality rate of the two groups were 14. 2% and 2. 52% , respectively. Conclution To improve the quality of life and survival rate, D2 + radical total gastrectomy should be performed for advanced cardiac cancer, and when indicated resection of spleen and/or body and tail of the pancreas should be performed.

Objective To investigate the expression of MRP1/CD9 protein in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC),and its relationship to carcinoma invasion and metastasis. Methods The specimens of tissue microarray from 152 primary hepatocellular carcinomas with paracancerous liver tissue, 22 tumor emboli , 4 intrahepatic satellite metastases, 17 extrahepatic metastases ,and 5 normal livers, respectively, were constructed and used for detection of MRP1/CD9 expression by immunohistochemistry. Results Immunohistochemical analysis of tissue microarrays demonstrated MRP1/CD9 protein expression in 27.0%(41/152)of the primary HCCs. The expression of MRP1/CD9 protein was higher in HCCs without cancer thrombi than in those with cancer thrombi (40.48%vs21.82%,P10cm, P20?g/L, P=0.029). Conclusions Loss of MRP1/CD9 protein expression may be associated with invasion and metastases of hepatocellular carcinoma.

The coding sequence for the mature peptide of porcine lactoferrin (Plf) was synthesized according to the codon usage of lactobacillus, to establish optimized porcine lactoferrin Lactobacillus expression system. The gene was ligated into the Xho I/BamH I site of Lactobacillus expression vector pPG612.1 and the recombinant plasmid pPG612.1-plf was transformed individually into Lactobacillus casei ATCC393, Lactobacillus pentosus KLDS1.0413, Lactobacillus plantarum KLDS1.0344 or Lactobacillus paracasei KLDS1.0652 by electroporation. After induction with xylose, expression of the recombinant proteins was detected by Western blotting and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Secretion of recombinant Plf proteins from four recombinant species was determined quantitatively by ELISA. The antibacterial activities of recombinant proteins were measured by agar diffusion method. The result shows that Plf was correctly expressed in four species of recombinant lactobacillus, with molecular weight of about 73 kDa. The expression levels in recombinant Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus pentosus, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus paracasei were 9.6 μg/mL, 10.8 μg/mL, 12.5 μg/mL and 9.9 μg/mL, respectively. Antimicrobial activity experiment shows that the recombinant proteins were active against E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium, Listeria, Pasteurella. The recombinant Plf expressed by recombinant Lactobacillus plantarum showed the best antibacterial activity among all recombinant lactobacillus species. These data represent a basis for the development and application of porcine lactoferrin from recombinant lactobacillus.
Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; biosynthesis ; Lactobacillus ; metabolism ; Lactoferrin ; biosynthesis ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; Swine

Objective To study the effectsof rehabilitative training on neural function and the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule-1 (Iba-1) in rats after traumatic brain injury.Methods A left hemisphere traumatic brain injury model was established in ninety Sprague-Dawley rats.They were then randomly divided into a rehabilitation training group,an immobilization group and a free-running group,with 30 rats in each group.Another thirty rats received sham injury as the shamoperated group.Beginning 4 days post-operation the rats of the rehabilitation training group were given balancing,rotating and walking exercises three times daily,15 min/time,6 d/week.The immobilization group was fixed in mesh cages.The rats of the free-running and sham-operated groups were reared in normal cages without any special training exercise.The rats of all 4 groups were given neural and motor function tests to assess the functional outcome.Immunofluorescence staining was used to evaluate the expressions of GFAP (the marker of astrocytes) and Iba-1 (the marker of microglia) in the cortex close to the iujured region at 3 days,1 week,2 weeks,3 weeks and 4 weeks after injury.Results The average neural and motor function test scores in the rehabilitation training group were significantly better than those in the immobilization and free-running groups at the 2nd week and thereafter.The average scores in the free-running group were significantly better than those in the immobilization group at the 4th week after injury.The immunofluorescence staining showed that the expression of GFAP was lowest in the rehabilitation group at the 2nd week and thereafter.Iba-1 expression was significantly lower only at the 3rd week and beyond.Conclusion Rehabilitative training can improve nerve function recovery in rats after traumatic brain injury,and the functional enhancement may be partially attributed to the downregulation of activated astrocytes and microglia.

Objective Sarcopenia and metabolic syndrome share similar pathophysiological mechanisms. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of sarcopenia among health examination population, and to analyze the relationship between sar-copenia and blood pressure, blood glucose, uric acid and lipids. Methods Physical examination data of 1191 healthy persons in the medical examination center of the hospital from Mar 2011 to Jun 2011 were collected. The weight, skeletal muscle, body fat, body mass index ( BMI) , waist circumference,body fat percentage, waist-hip ratio and visceral fat area were analyzed by human body compositionanalyzer and the prevalence of sarcopenia was observed. At the same time, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipo-protein-cholesterol ( HDL-C ) , low density lipoprotein-cholesterol ( LDL-C) , uric acid and fasting blood glucose were also detected. Results The prevalence rate of sarcopenia of the subjects was 5.21%, and the highest incidence was found in ≥60 years group( 11.11%) . The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were 33.8% and 10.2%, respectively. The prevalence of sarcopenia is grad-ually higher along with increasing BMI. The prevalence rates of sarcopenia of overweight and obesity subjects were 5.47% and 26.23%, respectively. Compared with the normal control group, the level of weight[(66.34±11.75)kg vs (76.71±12.84)kg ], BMI[(23.37± 3.13) vs (28.05±3.66)], body fat percentage[(25.33±6.06)% vs (36.76±4.47)%], waist circumference[(83.19±9.56)cm vs (95.45±13.74)cm] and visceral fat area[(88.96±29.74)cm2 vs (136.91±25.56)cm2] were higher in the sarcopenia group (P<0.05). Compared with the normal control group, the incidence of systolic blood pressure[(125.59±30.04)mmHg vs (139.39±19.79) mmHg], diastolic blood pressure[(75.82±11.95)mmHg vs (82.34±10.96)mmHg ] TG[(1.56±1.12)mmol/L vs (1.98±1.72)mmol/L] and uric acid[(313.75±83.07)mmol/L vs (335.55±96.07)mmol/L] were higher in the sarcopenia group (P<0.05). Compared with the normal subjects, the detectable rates of abnormal diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, uric acid, and LDL-C were increased in the sarcopenia, obesity and sarcopenia combined with obesity subjects (P<0.05). The odds ratio of abnormal systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, uric acid, and LDL-C increased in the sarcopenia, obesity and sarcopenia combined with obe-sity subjects using logistic regression analyses after correction of gender and age. Conclusion The sarcopenia may have some con-nection with metabolic risk factors. Early detection of sarcopenia can help to distinguish people predisposed to metabolic syndrome, and it has important significance for prevention of chronic disease.

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of the sleep quality and health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and analyze the different effects of sleep quality on HRQoL among young and middle-aged people.Methods:A cross-sectional study recruited 1 976 participants.All participants completed a self-designed questionnaire for the adults' general condition, the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and Short-Form health survey (SF-36). All participants were divided into 3 age groups: 18-29-year-old group( n=1 148), 30-44-year-old group( n=586) and 45-59-year-old group ( n=242). SPSS 23.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Chi-square test was used to analyze the general characteristics of the three age groups.Non-parametric test was used to analyze the scores of the three age groups in different dimensions of sleep quality. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze the mean scores of the three age groups in different dimensions of HRQoL. Stepwise regression analysis was used to analyze the effect of sleep quality on HRQoL among the three groups after control the confounding factors such as marital status, education, smoking, drinking and exercise habits and past medical history. Results:In terms of sleep quality, the total PSQI scores of 18-29-year-old, 30-44-year-old and 45-59-year-old groups(4(2, 6), 4(2, 6), 4(2, 6)) showed statistically significant differences ( Z=10.951, P=0.004). In terms of HRQoL, there were statistically significant differences in physical component summary scores (18-29-year-old: 82.51±12.62, 30-44-year-old: 80.72±13.63, 45-59-year-old: 82.04±13.07, F=3.667, P=0.026) and mental component summary scores(18-29-year-old: 76.09±15.46, 30-44-year-old: 77.20±16.14, 45-59-year-old: 81.82±14.14, F=13.649, P<0.001) among young and middle-aged people in different age groups.Regression analysis found that daytime dysfunction was an independent influencing factor for HRQoL in young and middle-aged population ( β=-0.308--0.425, all P<0.01). Sleep disorders significantly decreased Physical Component Summary of HRQoL in young-aged people ( β=-0.127--0.215, all P<0.01). The use of hypnotic drugs significantly reduced the scores in the physiological field in the young adults aged 30-44 ( β=-0.076, P<0.05). The duration of sleep significantly decreased the scores in the mental domain of young adults aged 30-44 ( β=-0.112, P<0.01). Subjective sleep quality was an independent factor that significantly decreased HRQoL in young adults aged 18-29 and 30-44 years ( β=-0.089--0.169, all P<0.01). Conclusion:Sleep quality and HRQoL of young and middle-aged people in different age groups show different characteristics.The effect of sleep quality on HRQoL is different among people in different ages.Taking targeted interventions for people of different ages to improve the sleep quality may be an effective way to improve their HRQoL.