Objective To explore the effect of early nasogastric tubing bile reinfusion on gastrointestinal function recovery for patients undergoing laparoscopic bileduct operation.Methods One hundred patients undergoing laparoscopic bileduct operation were divided into observation group and control group with 50 cases each by random digits table method.The control group received routine nursing,and the observation group received early nasogastric tubing bile reinfusion on the basis of routine nursing.The recovery of postoperative gastrointestinal function and the incidence of postoperative abdominal distention between the two groups were observed and compared.Results The length of time needed for intestinal voice restoration and exhausting were (17.12 ± 3.88),(33.92 ± 8.96) h in observation group,and (24.08 ± 7.25),(43.64 ± 11.18) h in control group,and the differences were statistically significant (t =5.99,4.80,P ＜ 0.01).The incidence of postoperative abdominal distension was 22％(11/50) in observation group,and 42％(21/50) in control group,and the difference was statistically significant (x2=4.60,P＜ 0.05).Conclusions The early nasogastric tubing bile reinfusion in patients undergoing laparoscopic bileduct operation can effective promote their gastrointestinal function recovery and reduce the occurrence of postoperative abdominal distension.

Objective To investigate the changes of stress response on inhalation-intravenous general anesthesia during pericystectomy for Liver hydatid cyst. Methods Thirty ASA I-II patients with liver hydatidosis for pericystectomy were studied. The blood from right jugular vein were collected for measurement of serum cortisol (Cor) concentrations and glucose (BG) levels, and MAP, HR and BIS were observed and recorded at different point-times: pre-intubation for 1 min, post-intubation for 3 min, pre-incision for 1 min, post-incision for 3 min, post-incision for 10 min, post-surgical exploration 10 min. The data of pre-intubation and pre-incision served as controls. Results The levels of Cor concentration of post-incision for 10 min were decreased than those of pre-intubation and pre-incision (P<0.05); MAP of post-incision for 10 min and post-surgical exploration for 10 min were increased than those of pre-intubation and pre-incision (P < 0.01); For HR, the data of post-surgical exploration 10 min was much quicker compared with pre-incision (P < 0.01), which is slower than that of pre-intubation(P<0.01). Conclusion Inhalation-intravenous general anesthesia may inhibit the stress response during intubation,incision and surgical exploration for liver hydatidosis pericystectomy. Hemodynamic changes during incision may reflect the trend of stress response in advance.

To investigate the estrogen receptor (ER) expression in cartilage cell in the development of osteoarthritis induced by bilateral ovariectomy in guinea pig and to find their relationship. 30 two-month-old female guinea pigs were randomly divided into two groups (n = 15 each): sham operation (control) group and ovariectomized group (OVX); Scanning electorne microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were obtained to analysis the cartilage degeneration of the hind limb knee joint after 6 and 12 weeks of ovariectomy. Dextran-Coated-Charcoal (DCC) was taken to quantitively detect the expression of ER. The serum levels of estrogen and gestone were detected by immune contest assay. The results showed that ER do exist in the cartilages of the guinea pigs, with higher expression in the control group than in OVX group at the same time point (P < 0.05). It was increased also at 12 th week after operation than that of preoperation. The blood serum levels of estrogen and gestone showed a similar tendency to the expression of ER. Joint cartilage degeneration detected by SEM and TEM could be found at 6 th week, but severe degenerative lesions at 12 th week in the OVX group compared with the control group (P < 0.01). The data suggested that bilateral ovariectomy in guinea pig lead to severe osteoarthritis which mighgt be related to the lower serum level of estrogen and the downregulation of the expression of ER in the cartilage also.
Cartilage, Articular/cytology ; Cartilage, Articular/*metabolism ; Chondrocytes/metabolism ; Estrogens/*blood ; Osteoarthritis/*etiology ; Osteoarthritis/metabolism ; Ovariectomy ; Random Allocation ; Receptors, Estrogen/*biosynthesis ; Receptors, Estrogen/genetics

Phenolic acids of rhizosphere soil of Panax notoginseng were identified and the contents were determined. HPLC-MS and HPLC were used. Compared with the literature and standard reference, identification and content de-termination were given on phenolic acids of rhizosphere soil of Panax notoginseng in Wenshan, Yunnan province. The results showed that six types of phenolic acids were detected from the extract of rhizosphere soil of Panax notogin-seng, which were p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, syringic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid and benzoic acid. The content of p-coumaric acid showed the highest concentration of 24.01 μg·g-1, while syringic acid had the lowest concentration of 1.26 μg·g-1. The sequence of content in the rhizosphere soil of Panax notoginseng from top to bot-tom was p-coumaric acid, vanillic acid, benzoic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, ferulic acid and syringic acid. It was concluded that the rhizosphere soil of Panax notoginseng contained six types of phenolic acids, which were p-hy-droxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, syringic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid and benzoic acid.

AIM: To obtain a vaccine with sLAG-3 as immunoadjuvant and investigate its biologic activity in order to establish the safe and effective way for asthma as one of the specific immunotherapy.METHODS: The coding sequence of LAG-3 was amplified by polymerase chain reaction,the expression vector pcDNA-sLAG-3-Ig was constructed by inserting the PCR products of sLAG-3 and Fc sequence of IgG.With electroporation transfection,pcDNA-sLAG-3-Ig was transfected into COS-7 cells and its biologic activity was investigated by Western blotting analysis.RESULTS: By temperature induction,the LAG-3-Ig was highly expressed in E.coli DH5?.LAG-3-Ig fusion protein was observed by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting,the results showed that the LAG-3-Ig protein was an antagonist of the IL-4-induced synthesis of IgE in B cells.CONCLUSION: A new vaccine with sLAG-3 as immunoadjuvant was obtained.It could inhibit synthesis of IgE in B cells.Thus,LAG-3-Ig would be hopeful to establish the safe and effective way for asthma as one of the specific immunotherapy.

OBJECTIVE To study the toxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) on murine macrophage Ana-1 cells and the mechanism.METHODS Ana-1 cells were incubated with ZnO-NP (2.5-160 mg· L-1).Cell viability was investigated by MTT assay.The integrity of cell membrane was investigated by acridine orange-ethidium bromide (AO-EB) staining.The intracellular uptake of ZnO-NP and the percentage of sub-G1 of Ana-1 cells were detected by flow cytometry.Zinc ions were determined by fluorescent probe.The change of cell viability was studied after chelating zinc ions with ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA).RESULTS ZnO-NP 2.5,5,10 and 20 mg· L-1 decreased cell viability of Ana-1 cells (r=0.905,P＜0.05) in a concentration-dependent manner.The cell viability was decreased to 27.9％ after exposure to ZnO-NP 20 mg· L-1.Intracellular uptake of ZnO-NP was increased after Ana-1 cell incubated with ZnO-NP at concentrations ranging from 40 to 160 mg· L-1 (P＜0.05).There were obvious free zinc ions in the cells.EDTA 2.5 mmol· L-1 significantly increased the cell viability decreased by ZnO-NP 20 mg· L-1 (P＜0.05).Chelating free zinc ions significantly mitigated ZnO-NP induced cell toxicity (P＜0.05).CONCLUSION Cytotoxicity and apoptosis of Ana-1 cells induced by ZnO-NP might be related to intracellular uptake of ZnO-NP and release of zinc ions.

To investigate the estrogen receptor(ER) expression in cartilage cell in the development of osteoarthritis induced by bilateral ovariectomy in guinea pig and to find their relationship. 30two-month-old female guinea pigs were randomly divided into two groups (n= 15 each): sham operation (control)group and ovariectomized group (OVX); Scanning electorne microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were obtained to analysis the cartilage degeneration of the hind limb knee joint after 6 and 12 weeks of ovariectomy. Dextran-Coated Charcoal (DCC) was taken to quantitively detect the expression of ER. The serum levels of estrogen and gestone were deteeted by immune contest assay. The results showed that ER do exist in the cartilages of the guinea pigs, with higher expression in the control group than in OVX group at the same time point (P＜0. 05). It was increased also at 12 th week after operation than that of preoperation. The blood serum levels of estrogen and gestone showed a similar tendency to the expression of ER. Joint cartilage degeneration detected by SEM and TEM could be found at 6 th week, but severe degenerative lesions at 12 th week in the OVX group compared with the control group (P＜0.01). The data suggested that bilateral ovariectomy in guinea pig lead to severe osteoarthritis which mighgt be related to the lower serum level of estrogen and the downregulation of the expression of ER in the cartilage also.

BACKGROUND:Resistance exercise increases muscle mass and improves muscle strength,but there is a lack of conclusive evidence on its effects on body composition.Controversial results from randomized controlled trials and multiple Meta-analyses pose a problem for clinical decisions on exercise interventions. OBJECTIVE:Based on the methodological paradigm of umbrella review,to explore the efficacy and safety of resistance exercise in improving the body composition of overweight and obese people. METHODS:We searched PubMed,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,and CNKI for systematic reviews on the effect of resistance exercise in overweight and obese people published from database inception to August 31,2022.Chinese search terms included"anti-resistance,resistance,self-weight,Meta,Meta-analysis,body composition,body fat percentage,fat mass,lean body mass,body mass."English search terms included"resistance training,strength training,weight-lifting strengthening program,body composition,body fat distribution,Meta-analysis,data pooling,overviews,clinical trial,clinical trial overviews."PRISMA was used to evaluate the methodological quality of the included studies,and a GRADE evaluation system was used to grade the quality of evidence. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A total of 14 Meta-analyses were included,and GRADE evidence quality evaluation showed that 2 outcome indicators were intermediate,12 were low,and 14 were extremely low.Compared with the control group,23 of the 32 outcome measures showed significant improvement.The intervention effect of resistance exercise on body fat percentage has reached a consensus,but the intervention effects on lean body mass,body mass index and visceral fat still need further confirmation.Resistance exercise is an effective and safe method to improve the body composition of overweight and obese people.The overall quality of the research and the evidence quality of the outcome indicators included in the systematic evaluation are generally low.In the future,the initial state,exercise goal and willingness of the subjects should be fully combined on the basis of clarifying the sample characteristics and refining the scheme design.Through multiple,scientific and personalized exercise prescription designs of water,air and elastic resistance,the safety and compliance of resistance exercise can be improved,providing clear evidence-based support and decision-making basis for resistance exercise intervention.

OBJECTIVE:Masks are one of the most important defenses against the virus.However,the impact of wearing masks during daily activities or sports on respiratory and circulatory function remains controversial.A comprehensive quantitative evaluation of the effects of mask-wearing on human heart rate,oxygen saturation and end-expiratory carbon dioxide by Meta-analysis was conducted.The effects of wearing different types of masks at different exercise intensities and time of exercise on the human respiratory and circulatory system were explored. METHODS:By February 2023,with"mask,face mask,N95,training,sports,running,walking,cycling"as the Chinese search terms and"masks,respiratory protective devices,N95 respirators,surgical face masks,exercise,resistance training,explosive training,muscle exercises"as English search terms,the experimental studies addressing the influence of exercise with a mask on hemodynamic indexes were retrieved from CNKI,Web of Science,PubMed,Cochrane Library and WanFang databases.The outcome indicators included three continuous variables-exercise center rate,blood oxygen saturation and end-expiratory carbon dioxide.Stata16.0 software was used to analyze the outcome indicators of the included literature.The PEDro scale was used as a quality assessment tool,and the funnel plot was used to analyze the impact of publication bias. RESULTS:Totally 25 articles involving 857 healthy children and adults were included in this Meta-analysis.The overall methodological quality was high,with 22 studies scoring 6 points on the PEDro scale,2 studies scoring 7 points and 1 study scoring 8 points.The meta-analysis results showed that compared with the control group,exercise with masks had no significant effect on heart rate(SMD=0.02,95%CI:-0.11 to 0.15,P=0.81),but increased end-expiratory carbon dioxide(SMD=0.60,95%CI:0.37 to 0.83,P=0.00),decreased oxygen saturation(SMD=-0.28,95%CI:-0.47 to-0.09,P=0.03).Intensity and duration were the factors that affected the heterogeneity between studies.Wearing a mask during high-intensity exercise significantly increased heart rate(SMD=-0.20,95%CI:-0.36 to-0.04,P=0.02).The effect of high-intensity and short-time exercise on blood oxygen saturation was significantly higher than that of other exercises(SMD=-0.40,95%CI:-0.70 to-0.10;SMD=-0.25,95%CI:-0.45 to-0.04).For end-expiratory carbon dioxide,maintaining a certain intensity and increasing the exercise time or increasing the intensity further increased the index significantly,reaching a moderate effect size(SMD=0.61,95%CI:0.06 to 1.15;SMD=0.58,95%CI:0.04 to 1.13). CONCLUSION:Existing evidence suggests that exercise with masks may have the adverse effect of increasing end-expiratory carbon dioxide and decreasing blood oxygen saturation.The influence of different exercise test time and intensities on the three outcome indexes was different.Wearing a mask during high-intensity exercise can significantly increase heart rate and decrease blood oxygen saturation.Maintaining moderate intensity for a long period or further increasing the intensity of exercise will lead to increased end-expiratory carbon dioxide levels.

Objective:To explore the sequence of reduction and fixation in the treatment of middle and lower tibiofibular fractures on the same plane using tibial intramedullary nailing plus fibular plating.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed of the 58 patients with middle and lower tibiofibular fractures on the same plane from January 2016 to December 2017. They were 38 males and 20 females, aged from 20 to 65 years (average, 40 years). The left side was affected in 30 cases and the right in 28. By the AO classification, 27 cases were type 42-A, 18 ones type 42-B and 13 ones type 42-C. Of them, 33 had the fibula reduced and fixated first (the fibular group) while 25 had the tibia reduced and fixated first (the tibial group). The 2 groups were compared in terms of operation time, rate of tibial closed reduction, rate of dynamization of intramedullary nails, fracture healing time and postoperative complications.Results:All the patients were followed up for 12 to 24 months (average, 17.2 months). The operation time in the fibular group was 96 minutes ± 15 minutes, significantly shorter than that in the tibial group (116 minutes ± 19 minutes)( P<0.05). The rate of tibial closed reduction was 84.8% (28/33) in the fibular group and 60.0%(15/25) in the tibial group, presenting a significant difference ( P<0.05). There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in the rate of dynamization of intramedullary nails, fracture healing time or postoperative complications ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Tibial intramedullary nailing plus fibular plate osteosynthesis is an effective treatment for the middle and lower tibiofibular fractures on the same plane. When the fracture line is not located in the narrow segment of the tibia, reduction and fixation of the fibula first is advantageous over reduction and fixation of the tibia first, because it can facilitate tibial reduction and nail placement and improve surgical efficiency without increasing the fracture healing time.