Objective To study the effects of overdose fluoride on blood lipid and hemorheology in rabbits and the protective effect of selenium. Methods Twenty male rabbits were divided into 4 groups: normal group,fluorine group(100 mg/L),selenium group(1 mg/L) and selenium (1 mg/L) plus fluorine (100 mg/L) group. After 6 months of treatment,whole blood rheology,blood serum TC,TG,HDL-C,LDL-C,SOD activity,GSH-Px activity,the content of MDA were determined. Results The whole blood rheology of rabbit in fluorine group was abnormal. Compared with the normal group,significant increase of blood serum TC,HDL-C,LDL-C was seen,decrease of SOD activity and GSH-Px activity and increase of the content of MDA in fluorine group was found. The results of selenium plus fluorine group was more close to the normal group compared with fluorine group. Conclusion Fluorosis can induce hemorheology and lipid metabolism disorder and decrease the capacity of antioxidase and moderate selenium intake may have some protective effect.

OBJECTIVE:To establish the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic(PK-PD) model of Nisoldipine controlled-release patches(NCRP)in spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR). METHODS:SHR were randomized into a patch(NCRP)group and a tablet(Nisoldipine tablets)group,with 6 rats in each group. The microdialysis probes were implanted in SHR. Each rat was given 5 mg nisoldipine. Plasma microdialysate was collected within 36 h after administration. HPLC was adopted to determine the plasma concentration of nisoldipine,and WinNonlin 5.3 was employed to calculate Pharmacokinetic parameters. With heart rate and blood pressure as pharmacodynamic indexes,PK-PD model study was conducted. RESULTS:Vs. nisoldipine tablets,NCRP has con-trolled release effect. The relationship between NCRP drug effect and effect-site concentration met the Sigmoid-Emax model. The main parameters of the PK-PD model for heart rate and systolic blood pressure were as follows as Emax of (2.65 ± 0.06) and (10.71 ± 0.87),EC50 of (83.65 ± 35.25) and (1.29 ± 0.26) ng/ml,γ of (0.83 ± 0.91) and (1.2 ± 0.35),Keo of (0.37 ± 0.53) and (0.91±0.24)h-1. CONCLUSIONS:PK-PD model of NCRP in SHR has been established successfully.

Objective To study the effect of gauzes with composite lysozyme on chemotherapeutic phlebitis. Methods One hundred and twenty patients with chemotherapeutic phlebitis were equally randomized into the experiment group and control group with radom digit tade. The experiment group was treated by hydropathic compress with gauzes with composite lysozyme on the affected parts, while the control group was treated by hydropathci compress with 50%magnesium sulfate solution. The therapeutic effects after 1 week were compared between the two groups . Results The effective rate of the experiment group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). The average time for the treatment was significantly shorter than the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion The effect of composite lysozyme for hydropathic compress in the treatment of chemotherapeutic phlebitis is better than that of 50%magnesium sulfate. It is worthy of clinical popularization and application.

To observe the protective effects of echinacoside on rotenone-induced damages in rats.

Objective To guide the implementation of home enteral nutrition (EN) for outpatients with Crohn's disease, and to observe its effect.Methods In this observational study, 26 patients at active period of Crohn's disease were collected between April 2014 and June 2015 in the clinic of Clinical Nutrition Center of Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command.Home EN combined with medication was administered.The nutritional status, Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI), and quality of life before and after EN were compared.Results After home EN therapy, body mass index (BMI) of the patients increased from (17.7 ± 2.1) kg/m2 to (19.8 ± 2.0) kg/m2 (P ＜ 0.001), proportion of lymphocytes from (0.216 ± 0.066) to (0.305 ± 0.106) (P =0.007), albumin level from (40.3 ± 5.9) g/L to (43.7 ± 5.4) g/L (P =0.038), prealbumin from (233.1 ± 71.5) mg/L to (306.0 ± 72.1) mg/L (P =0.009), and transferrin from (2.7 ± 0.6) g/L to (3.1 ±0.7) g/L (P =0.038).In the indicators reflecting the activity of Crohn's disease, CDAI declined from 197.0 ±55.8 to 113.2 ±33.4 (P ＜0.001) after EN, C-reactive protein from 28.50 (18.00-32.80) mg/L to 2.00 (0.58-6.33) mg/L (P ＜0.001), erythrocyte sedimentation rate from (29.6 ± 9.9) mm/h to (9.4 ± 7.6) mm/h (P ＜ 0.001).The patient's disease activity scores and inflammatory reaction indexes all reached the normal levels after EN, show that the patients were in remission stage.In inflammatory bowel disease quality of life score, the score of intestinal symptoms rose from 41.2 ± 13.3 to 57.0 ±9.6 (P ＜ 0.001), the score of systemic symptom from 20.7 ± 5.5 to 28.9 ± 4.2 (P ＜ 0.001), emotional ability from 43.6±16.1 to 61.0 ± 15.9 (P=0.002), and social ability from 20.6 ±4.9 to 28.4 ±5.6 (P＜0.001), all showing statistical significance.Conclusions Standardized home enteral nutrition in patients at active period of Crohn's disease, when implemented under professional guidance of nutritional support team and well followed up, may improve nutritional status, induce remission, and improved quality of life.

Objective To investigate the effect of long-term proton pump inhibitor on osteoporosis in elderly patients.Methods A total of 150 patients with peptic ulcer treated in our hospital from January 2011 to January 2015 were selected as the observation group.150 healthy subjects were selected as the control group.The age,height,body weight and PPI time of the two groups were recorded.The changes of bone mineral density before and after treatment were measured by bone mineral density analyzer,ineluding lumbar L1-4,radial density and ulna density.The changes of bone mineral density were observed and recorded in the observation group before treatment,six months,1 year and 2 years after treatment.Results After treatment,the levels of gastrin were significantly increased in the observation group,and the serum calcium concentration and bone mineral density were significantly decreased (P＜0.05).The density of lumbar vertebrae,radius and ulna was significantly lower in observation group than those of control group (P＜0.05).With the prolongation of PPIs,lumbar vertebrae,radius and ulna density in observation group showed a decreasing trend.Conclusion Long-term application of proton pump inhibitors in elderly patients can cause bone loss.

Objective Albumin is well known to decrease in response to sepsis, However, the.degradation and distribution in patients with severe sepsis to explore the mechanism of hypoalbuminemia in sepsis. Methods 10 volunteers and 10 patients with severe sepsis. 125I labeled albumin was administered intravenously to 10 healthy volunteers and 10 patients with severe sepsis. Each subject had frequent blood samples taken at 0,1,2,4,8,12,24 hours and on day 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 18, 22, 25 to measure 125I concentration and draw the curve of concentration over time. Plasma was regarded as the central pool and body fluid as side pool, The curve of albumin concentration vs time was expected to follow two compartment model. Results Radioactivity of blood samples was counted and the results were graphically expressed. The half-life time(t1/2), apparent volume of distribution(Vd) and transportation rate(K12) of albumin from the central pool to the side pool were calculated. The half-life time in sepsis was obviously shorter than that in control group (8.2 1.4 vs 12.5 1.7days, P<0.001). The transportation rate in sepsis group was quicklier than that in control group [(4.4±1.9)× 10-2/h vs (2.4±0.6)×10-2/h, P<0.005]. There was no significant difference in apparent volume of distribution between two groups. Conclusions In patients with severe sepsis, the distribution rate of albumin from plasma to body fluid was obviously elevated and the decomposition rate of albumin was markedly increased.

Objective To evaluate clinical remission in patients with small bowel Crohn's disease (SBCD) who have received infliximab(IFX) therapy and to evaluate capsule endoscopy combined with ileocolonoscopy for mucosal healing at 14th week of IFX therapy.Methods Clinical data of 23 SBCD patients who received IFX were retrospectively analyzed.Laboratory indices [routine blood tests,C-reactive protein (CRP)and albumin],Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI),Lewis score (LS),Crohn's disease simplified endoscopic score (SES-CD),side effects and complications were compared before IFX treatment and at 14th week of IFX therapy.Results In 23 SBCD patients,both CDAI and CRP levels significantly decreased (P＜0.01) while body mass index (BMI) and albumin levels increased at 14th week (P＜0.05),compared with those before treatment.The clinical remission rate at 14th week was 91.3％ (21/23).There were 8/23 (34.8％)SBCD patients achieving mucosal healing in small bowel,12/21 (57.1％) in terminal ileum and colon,and 7/21 (33.3％) in both small bowel and colon.Twelve patients achieved both clinical remission and biochemical remission at 14th week and all of them achieved mucosal healing in both terminal ileum and colon (SES-CD ≤ 2).However,there were 5 (41.7％) of them still with small bowel inflammation (LS＞ 135).Conclusion IFX plays a role in promoting clinical remission and mucosal healing in SBCD patients.Mucosal healing of CD patients in terminal ileum and other parts of small intestine are not synchronized.For CD patients with small bowel and colon involved,the evaluation of the whole gastrointestinal tract by capsule endoscopy combined with ileocolonoscopy is recommended on condition that they have no intestinal obstruction or severe stricture.

Objective To explore the correlation of ABO blood group and serum cystatin C level and decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis.Methods Retrospectively analysed the clinical data of 472 patients with decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis,and compared with 681 healthy control volunteers.All the informations such as gender,age,family history of liver disease,hepatitis B virus infection,hepatic function classification,complications of portal hypertension and the distribution of ABO blood group were observed.Results The highest incidence of decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis was found in A blood group.There was no significant difference in the distribution of ABO blood group for patients with different age (P ＞ 0.05).Significant correlations were observed between AB blood group and family history of hepatitis B patients,expansion of the portal veines ＞ 1.5 cm,esophageal varices,cirrhosis complications,hepatic function classification (P ＜ 0.01).C ystatin C expression was increased with hepatic function classification (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The risk of liver cirrhosis is increased in patients with A blood group.Compare with other blood group,patients with AB blood group has a serious progression.The level of nitrogen,creatinine,cystatin C in decompensated cirrhosis are significantly higher than healthy controls.The level of cystatin C expression is increased with hepatic function classification.Cystatin C may be a potential marker in the classification of hepatic function.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of different bismuth-based quadruple therapies for Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) eradication.Methods From December 2012 to October 2013,240 patients with H.pylori infection were collected and evenly divided into clarithromycin group,levofloxacin group,furanzolidone group and metronidazole group.Each group received bismuth potassium citrate 220 mg,esomeprazole 20 mg and amoxicillin 1 000 mg twice daily.In addition,each group received clarithromycin 500 mg,levofloxacin 200 mg,furanzolidone 100 mg,and metronidazole 400 mg,respectively.The course of treatment was 10 days.At least four weeks after the end of therapy and withdrawal the medicine,patients underwent fasting 13C-urea breath test or 14C-urea breath test.The negative result indicated as successful H.pylori eradication.The adverse effects were observed and recorded during treatment.The rate of H.pylori eradication was analyzed by the intention to treat (ITT) analysis and per protocol (PP) analysis.Chi-square test was performed for eradication rate comparison among groups.Results According to ITT analysis,the eradication rate of clarithromycin group,levofloxacin group,furanzolidone group and metronidazole group was 81.67％ (49/60),88.33％ (53/60),93.33％ (56/60) and 73.33％ (44/60),respectively,and according to PP analysis which was 85.96％ (49/57),89.83％ (53/59),94.92％ (56/59) and 75.86％ (44/58),respectively.The differences among four groups were statistically significant (x2 ＝10.13 and 9.89,both P＜0.05).The differences between furanzolidone group and metronidazole group were statistically significant (x2 =8.64 and 8.55,both P＜0.01).There were no statisticaly significant differences in adverse effects among the four groups (x2 =0.47,P＞0.05).Conclusion The H.pylori eradication rate is high in furanzolidone contained bismuth based quadruple therapy and with good safety,which could be the first line treatment for H.pylori eradication.