The medical ethics professionals which have resourceful ethical knowledge ought to give full play to subjects superiority in the review of the clinical trials involving human subjects. Before ethical review, it is needed to learn the series of international and domestic laws, regulations, and documents, and communicate with peers timely. In the review, they should focus on the necessity and security of the research project, conduct a compre-hensive review combined with the principle of medical ethics, and master the review key point of informed consent, to fulfill their duty of protection of human rights of subjects.

Objective To discuss influence of nursing intervention on complications of elderly patients with lower extremity bone fracture. Methods 105 elderly patients with lower extremity bone fracture were randomly divided into the nursing intervention group and random nursing group with 52 patients in each group. χ2 test and t test were used to compare the nursing effect in the two groups. Results The incidence rate of complication and average hospitalization time in the nursing intervention group were evidently lower than those of the random nursing group. Conclusions Nursing intervention has profound significance on rehabilitation of elderly patients with lower extremity bone fractures.

A total of 210 female patients with overactive bladder (OAB) were divided into M receptor blockage (M,n =71),pelvic floor muscle stimulation physiotherapy (S,n =70) and combination (C,n =69) groups.After one course of treatment,the OAB symptom scores were compared to pretreatment values (P ＜ 0.05).After a second course,the overall response rate was 69％ in group S.Pelvic floor muscle stimulation physiotherapy provided excellent sustained outcomes.

Intracranial stentosis is one of the important causes of ischemic stroke. In recently years, with the continuously development of endovascular intervention, angioplasty and stenting have become effective treatment options for intracranial stenosis. However, the indications, technical points, complications and prognosis of this treatment remain to be investigated and explored.

Objective Molecular targeted drugs have anti-angiogenesis and anti-tumor effects.The study was to investigate the role of sunitinib on treating metastatic renal cell carcinoma ( mRCC) and its long-term efficacy and adverse reactions. Methods From November 2007 to March 2013, 281 mRCC patients were divided into two groups according to their own willingness.102 patients in the experimental group received sunitinib 50 mg per day.Pain score, metastatic focuses before and after targeted therapies were compared.179 patients in control group was treated by immunotherapy.Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to draw the survival curves and Cox regression model was applied in multivariate analysis. Results There was no difference between the two groups on baseline (P>0.05).In the experimental group, 78 cases were clear cell carcinoma, with remission rate 29.4%, stablity rate 53.8%and total effective rate 83.2%after treatment;15 cases were papillary renal cell carcinoma, with remission rate 33.3%, stablity ratio 46.7%and total effective rate 80.0% after treatment;9 cases were collecting duct carcinoma, with the remission rate 22.2%, the stablity ratio 55.6% and the total effective rate 77.8% after treatment.The bone scan after 1 cycle of treatment showed 2 cases progressed(10.5%), 5 cases relieved(26.3%) and 12 cases sta-blized(63.2%), the total effective rate of bone metastasis amounting to 89.5%, the effective rate of lung metastasis 81.7%, the effective rate of liver metastasis 60.0%and the effective rate of lymph node metastasis 72.8%.The median overall survival in the experimental group was 28.9 months, 20.7 months in control group(P<0.05).Cox regression analysis showed age, tumor classification, liver, lung, bone and lymph node metastasis were prognostic factors influencing mRCC.The common averse events were white blood cells, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia and hypoalbuminemia. Conclusion Sunitinib for the treatment of mRCC can diminish the metastatic focuses , ease the pain , improve the quality of life, delay the progression of the disease, and prolong the overall survival.

By stratified random sampling method, 10 000 residents were investigated with the questionnaire in Fangzhuang community of Beijing, 9497 valid questionnaires were collected with a return rate of 94. 97%. The results showed that two main purposes for patients to use the community health services were to seek consultation (29. 8% ) and to get prescription (28. 2% ). The three main reasons for residents to choose community health services were the convenience, less medical expenses and more clear explanation from doctors, followed by the personal trust in the doctors.

Objective To study the effects of 3,5-diiodotyrosine (DIT) and potassium iodide (KI) on myocardial ATPase activity in hyperthyroidism Wistar rats induced by thyroid tablets.Methods Seventy-two Wistar rats were divided into 8 groups according to body weight by the random number table method (9 rats in each group),respectively,which were control group,hyperthyroidism model group,low,medium and high doses groups (both DIT and KI contents were 25.0,166.7,500.1 μg/kg).Physiological saline was intragastrically administrated to the control group;the hyperthyroidism model group was given thyroid tablet suspension (200.0 mg/kg);DIT and KI groups were given thyroid tablet suspension with corresponding doses of iodine simultaneously.The medicine was given once a day for a mouth,all the rats were sacrificed and heart tissue was collected.The colorimetric method was used to examine the activity of ATPases (Na+-K+-ATPase,Mg2+-ATPase,Ca2+-ATPase).Results The activities of Na+-K+-ATPase,Mg2+-ATPase,Ca2+-ATPase were significantly different statistically between groups (F =2.99,3.03,6.18,all P ＜ 0.01).Compared with the control group [(4.01 ± 0.22),(4.28 ± 0.28),(4.46 ± 0.35) μmol/mg·h],the activities of ATPases (Na+-K+-ATPase,Mg2+-ATPase,Ca2+-ATPase included) were reduced significantly in hyperthyroidism model group [(3.60 ± 0.25),(3.42 ± 0.31),(3.85 ± 0.17)μ mol/mg·h,all P ＜ 0.01];the activities of Mg2+-ATPase in DIT medium dose group [(3.89 ± 0.35)μmol/mg ·h],Ca2+-ATPase in DIT medium and high doses groups [(4.12 ± 0.20),(4.09 ± 0.21)μ mol/mg·h] were reduced significantly (all P ＜ 0.05);the activities of Na+-K+-ATPases,Ca2+-ATPase were decreased significantly in three KI groups [(3.64 ± 0.32),(3.60 ± 0.32),(3.53 ± 0.33),(3.93 ± 0.22),(3.90 ± 0.23),(3.85 ± 0.26)μmol/mg·h],Mg2+-ATPase in KI high dose group [(3.65 ± 0.49)μmol/mg·h] was decreased significantly (P ＜ 0.05or ＜ 0.01).Compared with the hyperthyroidism model group,the activities of ATPase were increased in most of the DIT groups [Mg2+-ATPase in low,medium doses groups:(4.06 ± 0.51),(3.89 ± 0.35)μmol/mg·h;Ca2+-ATPase in low,medium,high doses groups (4.15 ± 0.26),(4.12 ± 0.20),(4.09 ± 0.21)μmol/mg·h,all P ＜ 0.05].Conclusion Supplementation of thyroid tablets in the process of hyperthyroidism formation in Wistar rats will reduce myocardial damage by DTT compared with the same dose of KI.

BACKGROUND:Al ogeneic bone has anatomical appearance and biological features similar to autogenous bone, which is an excel ent biological scaffold material. Mesenchymal stem cel s originating from autogenous bone marrow have mutli-lineage differentiation potential, can differentiate into osteoblasts and chondrocyte, and thus can accelerate the formation of bone tissue and cartilage tissue. OBJECTIVE:To establish the osteogenic ability of al ogeneic bone with autogenous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s for repairing major mandibular defects. METHODS:The left mandibular teeth of 24 beagles were extracted, and at 2 months after wound healing, mandibular defects were made artificial y. The beagles were divided into two groups:control group treated with lyophilized al ogeneic bone, and experimental group with autogenous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s and lyophilized al ogeneic bone. Densitometry with CT and Micro-CT was conducted 4, 12, and 24 weeks after surgery. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the control group, the bone density of the mandible was significantly higher in the experimental group at 12 weeks after transplantation (P<0.05). Over time, the bone densities in the two groups were both increased, but the bone density in the experimental group was always higher than that in the control group. Bone structure parameters were progressively increased or decreased in the two groups, especial y in the experimental group. At 24 weeks after surgery, the degree of trabecular separation in regions of interest was higher in the experimental group than the control group (P<0.05), but the bone volume fraction, number of trabecular bone, and bone trabecular thickness were significantly lower in the experimental group than the control group (P<0.05). These findings indicate that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s are capable of accelerating the reconstruction of al ogeneic bones.

Objective To explore the key antecedent variables of team effectiveness and their correlation.Methods The stratified cluster random sampling was conducted to recruit 133 college students from a university in Fujian Province.Results (1) Communication and back up behaviors were positive predictors of team grade (β =0.645,0.315,P＜0.01)and satisfaction degree of team members (β=0.305,0.309,P＜0.01).Free riding had negative influence to the satisfaction of team members (β=-0.392,P＜0.01).(2)Accuracy of tusk cognition and tusk concern were positively related to team performance (β=0.513,0.470,P＜0.01),and accuracy of tusk cognition and team efficacy were predictors of satisfaction of team members (β=0.502,0.373,P＜0.01).(3)Team process variables mediated the relationship between team mentalmodel and tear effectiveness.Conclusion Antecedent variables include team process variables and team mental model.Between team mental model and team effectiveness,the team process variables play a mediating role.

Objective:To investigate the expression of TNF-α,IL-1βand NF-κB in the cortex after traumatic brain injury in rats, in order to further explore the protective effects and possible mechanisms of mild hypothermia treatment .Methods:The forty-five SD rats were randomly divided into Sham group , TBI group, treatment group.Rats model of TBI were established via Marmarou's meth-od.The animals were sacrificed at 1 d,3 d and 5 d post-TBI.The brain tissue was taken out to measure the water content based on wet-dry weight method .The expression of TNF-α, IL-1βand NF-κB proteins were detected by Immunohistochemistry and Western blot a-nalysis.Results:Compared with the Sham group , the brain water content was increased (P<0.05), reached peak at 3 d post-TBI, the expression of TNF-α,IL-1βand NF-κB was significantly increased (P<0.05), reached peak at 1 d, sustained higher expression to 5 d post-TBI.Mild hypothermia treatment remarkably reduced the brain water content (P<0.05), down-regulated TNF-α,IL-1βand NF-κB expression in comparision to the TBI group (P<0.05).Conclusion:The higher expression of TNF-α, IL-1βand NF-κB in the cortex may play an important role in the pathogenesis of TBI .Mild hypothermia can suppress NF-κB signaling pathway , reduce inflammatory reactions , relieve cerebral edema , finally promoting brain injury recovery .