The article reported that the lipid and EPA were extracted from Chlorella hirataii and analyzed by GC method. The content of the lipid could be influenced by the time and conditions of the culture. The results showed that the content of EPA in the lipid of Chlorella hirataii was about 28 per cent and was higher than the content of EPA in fish oil. Therefore, Chlorella hirataii was a valuable resource rich in EPA.

Objective To quantitatively analyze the difference in the content of plasma exosome α-synuclein（α-syn）between Parkinson disease （PD） and idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder（iRBD），and to identify predictable biological markers. Methods A total of 20 patients with iRBD（iRBD group），21 PD patients without RBD （PD-nRBD group），and 20 healthy controls matched for age and sex（HC group） were enrolled. Rapid-Eye-Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder Questionnaire-Hong Kong（RBDQ-HK）was used to evaluate the nocturnal symptoms of all subjects，and the motor section of Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale Ⅲ（UPDRS Ⅲ）was used to evaluate motor impairment. ELISA was used to measure the content of plasma exosome α-syn，and the three groups were analyzed in terms of the content of plasma exosome α-syn and its correlation with RBDQ-HK score and UPDRS Ⅲ score. Results There was a significant difference in UPDRS Ⅲ score between the iRBD group，the PD-nRBD group，and the HC group（P=0.000 1），with a significant difference between any two groups （P<0.05）；there was also a significant difference in RBDQ-HK score between the three groups （P=0.000 1），and the iRBD group had a significantly higher score than the other two groups（P=0.000 1）.The iRBD group and the PD-nRBD group had a significantly higher content of plasma exosome α-syn than the HC group（P=0.001），and the iRBD group had a lower content of plasma exosome α-syn than the PD-nRBD group（P>0.05）. In the iRBD group，plasma exosome α-syn was positively correlated with RBDQ-HK score（r=0.842，P=0.000 1），and in the PD-nRBD group，plasma exosome α-syn was positively correlated with UPDRS Ⅲ score（r=0.817，P=0.000 1） and H-Y staging（r=0.592，P=0.005）. Conclusion The presence of plasma exosome α-syn is observed in iRBD patients，which is similar to that in PD-nRBD patients，and the content of plasma exosome α-syn is associated with the motor score of PD-nRBD and the nocturnal symptom score of iRBD. Therefore，plasma exosome α-syn is expected to become an early biomarker for predicting the conversion of iRBD to PD.

Osteoporosis is characterized by reduced bone mass and impaired micro-architectural structure, leading to an increased susceptibility to fractures. It is a complex, multifactorial disorder resulting from genetic factors, environmental factors and gene-environment interactions. Currently there are three opinions on the main pathogenesis of primary osteoporosis in traditional Chinese medicine: kidney deficiency, spleen deficiency, and spleen-kidney deficiency, in which disagreement remains. In this paper, the authors combine the modern etiology of osteoporosis to explain scientific connotation of the three opinions, aiming to comprehend the pathogenesis of primary osteoporosis and strengthen the communication between traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine, and trying to evaluate the clinical curative effect on osteoporosis.

Objective To explore the clinical features of juvenile Parkinson's disease(PD).Methods The clinical materials in 28 patients with juvenile Parkinsonism were analysed retrospectively.Results Among the 28 cases, 5 patients from 3 families had familial history and presented autosomal recessive inheritance(AR-JP).The sympotoms of the parkinsonian triad were mild and unsymmetric.The disease progressed slowly.Hyperreflexia and diurnal fluctuation of sympotoms were often seen in these patients,but brain CT and MRI were often nomal.Response to levodopa was satisfactory,but dopa-induced motor fluctuations occurred early. In contrast to sporadic juvenile PD,AR-JP tended to have earlier age of onset( 20.6?5.68 years),longer duration of progression of parkinsonian signs and symptoms( 9.5?5.77 years),more frequent presence of hyperreglexia and diural fluctuation,and more frequent appearance of dopa-related motor fluctuations.Conclusion The clinical features of patients with juvenile PD are peculiar and juvenile PD may be an independent disease entity.AR-JP is different from sporadic juvenile PD,which suggests that there may be different pathogenesis between these two subtypes.

Objective To promote the clinical practice of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) coated prosthesis in order to improve its biological fixation. Methods There were 12 healthy mongrels, weighted from 20 to 25 kg. They were randomly divided into 3 groups according to the scarified time. The bilateral femurs were adopted as the graft areas, and 4 kinds of implant were transplanted into each femur randomly. The transplant consisted of porous-coated anatomic(PCA group), PCA combined with BMP (BMP group), PCA combined with hydroxyapatite(Composite group), and polish PCA combined with HA (HA group). The femurs of the mongrels were retrieved at the 4th, 8th and 12th week respectively. Bone ingrowth and shear strength between the interfaces of the bone-implant were studied, using X-ray, soft X-ray, fluorescence tag, non-decalcification ground section, computer-aided image analysis, and histological examinations. Results By gross observation, the composite for the group of PCA with BMP was the most stable in all the experimental groups. All implants showed good histocompatibility, the bone ingrowth on the implant surface appeared earlier in the BMP group than any others, and so did the maturation of new bone. At 4th week, the percent of new bone formation in the BMP group was 26.58%?4.56%, which was also much higher than PCA group (18.28%?2.46%), Composite group (17.23%?2.11%), and HA group(16.89%?3.13%) through the means of non-decalcified ground section and computer aided image analysis, and the difference was of statistical significance(P0.05). Conclusion The composite of BMP to the PCA is effective and feasible procedure, which could increase biological fixation of the interfaces between the bone and implant. Furthermore, HA coating is also an effective method of prosthesis surface treatment in order to improve bone ingrowth and enhance the interface shear strength, and the technique of HA coating is an essential factor in processing the prosthesis.

Objective : To investigate the role of lncSIL in transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)-induced alveo- lar epithelial interstitial transformation (EMT) and its related signaling pathways . Methods : Western blot was used to detect the effect of lncSIL silencing on the expression of E-cadherin ( E-cad) , alpha-smooth muscle actin ( α- SMA) and Collagen I (Col I) in the process of EMT induced by TGF-β1 . LncSIL interacting proteins were ana- lyzed by RNA pulldown . Western blot was used to detect the effect of overexpression or silencing of lncSIL on the expression of its target gene enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) and its downstream factors P21 and cyclin-de- pendent kinase 6 (CDK6) . Flow cytometry was used to analyze the effect of lncSIL on cell cycle progression . Results: After lncSIL silencing , the expression of α-SMA and Col I increased , the expression of E-cad decreased . RNA pulldown assay showed that EZH2 was the target protein that interacted with lncSIL , and the expression of EZH2 increased after silencing lncSIL , the expression of EZH2 downstream gene P21 decreased , CDK6 increased . Flow cytometry showed that the number of cells in S phase significantly increased . When lncSIL was overexpressed , the expression of EZH2 and CDK6 was down-regulated , the expression of P21 was up-regulated , and the number of S phase cells significantly decreased . Conclusion LncSIL inhibits TGF-β1-induced alveolar epithelial cell mesen- chymal transition by negatively regulating EZH2/P21 /CDK6 signaling pathway to inhibit cell cycle progression .

【Objective】 To investigate the effect of HLA-G expressed in platelets on Tax protein of human T cell leukemia type 1 virus (HTLV-1). 【Methods】 Platelets were isolated from anticoagulant whole blood, and HLA-G molecule on platelet membrane was detected by flow cytometry. The content of secretory HLA-G before and after platelet lysis was detected by ELISA, HTLV-1 human lymphoma cells MT2 were cultured with platelet lysate (PL). The effect of HLA-G in platelets on the expression of HTLV-1 protein Tax was evaluated by Western blot (WB). 【Results】 Membrane type mHLA-G was highly expressed on the surface of platelet membrane. The expression of secretory sHLA-G (ng/mL) increased after platelet lysis (15.73±1.01) vs (6.65±0.47), the expression of sHLA-G increased with the increase of platelet concentration in a dose-dependent manner. Compared with fetal bovine serum, PL significantly promoted the high expression of HLA-G protein and HTLV-1 virus tax protein in MT2 cells, and the addition of anti-HLA-G antibody to PL could effectively inhibit the expression of Tax and HLA-G protein. 【Conclusion】 High expression of immune tolerance molecule HLA-G on platelets can induce high expression of HTLV-1 protein Tax in human lymphoma cell MT2, which contributes to viral infection.

【Objective】To explore miRNA-138 protecting cardiomyocyte apoptosis of neonatal rats by inhibiting JNK/ p38 MAPK pathway.【Methods】Thirty-three whole blood samples from patients with acute myocardial ischemia during the period from January 2018 to December 2018 were collected. Thirty- three whole blood samples from healthy people who underwent physical examination in the same period were enrolled as controls. Ischemia/reperfusion（I/R）models of neonatal rats were established. Forty neonatal rats were randomly divided into blank control group（Control），model group（I/R model），negative control group（injected with unordered sequence）and miRNA-138 overexpression group（Ad-miRNA-138），with 10 cases in each group. The expression of miRNA- 138，Bcl2 and Bax mRNA in whole blood and myocardial tissues was detected by qRT-PCR. The levels of rat hemodynamic indexes were detected by electrophysiological recorder. The pathological damages of myocardial tissues were observed by HE staining. The expression of Caspase- 3 in myocardial tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry. The apoptosis of myocardial cells was observed by TUNEL staining. The content of reactive oxygen species （ROS） in myocardial tissues was detected by ELISA. The expression of JNK/p38 MAPK pathway protein was detected by Western blotting. 【Results】 Compared with healthy control，the level of whole blood miRNA- 138 was significantly decreased in patients with acute myocardial ischemia（P<0.05）. Compared with I/R model group，cardiomyocyte gap in Ad-miRNA-138 group was smaller，its arrangement was more uniform，and its structure was more complete. The miRNA- 138 expression，levels of cardiac function indexes such as +dp/dtmax，HR，LVSP and Bcl2/Bax were significantly increased，while number of apoptosis cells，rate of Caspase-3 positive-expression cells， ROS，p-p38/p38，Pc-jun/c-jun and p-JNK1/2/JNK1/2 were significantly down-regulated（P<0.05）.【Conclusion】MiRNA- 138 can inhibit cardiomyocyte apoptosis of rats，and reduce ROS damage by inhibiting JNK/p38 MAPK pathway， thus protecting cardiomyocytes of neonatal rats.

BackgroundAnxiety exists as a prevalent psychological problem among college students nowadays， which brings negative influence on their normal life. Mobile phone addiction and loneliness both have an impact on college students' anxiety. However， the acting path of loneliness between mobile phone addiction and anxiety requires further exploration. ObjectiveTo analyze the relationships among mobile phone addiction， loneliness and anxiety in college students， and to explore the acting path of loneliness between mobile phone addiction and anxiety. MethodsOn December 21， 2023， 1 400 college students from a university in Henan Province were selected， in accordance with the simple random sampling method， for investigation of this study. Questionnaire survey was conducted by using several scales including Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale （MPATS）， Self-rating Anxiety Scale （SAS） and University of California Los Angeles-Loneliness Scale （UCLA-LS）. Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the correlation between the scores of each scale above， and SPSS macro program Process 3.3 was used to test the mediation effect. ResultsA total of 1 239 valid questionnaires were collected， with an effective recovery rate of 88.50%. The MPATS score of college students was positively correlated with both SAS and UCLA-LS scores （r=0.474， 0.387， P<0.01）， and UCLA-LS score was positively correlated with SAS score （r=0.541， P<0.01）. The indirect effect of loneliness between mobile phone addiction and anxiety was 0.160 （95% CI： 0.118~0.173）， accounting for 33.97% of the total effect. ConclusionMobile phone addiction can positively predict anxiety among college students， and loneliness may act as the mediation path between mobile phone addiction and anxiety among college students.

Sesquiterpenoid is a kind of compound widely distributed in nature, which has a wide range of biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and immunomodulatory activities. This paper would review the anti-inflammatory mechanism of sesquiterpenoid. The mechanism is mainly by inhibiting the activation of nuclear factor (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs) and signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) signaling pathways and down-regulating the inflammatory gene expression including tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-), prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂), nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-1(IL-1), IL-6, IL-8 and other inflammatory factors. Thereby, the production and release of inflammatory cytokines are reduced to exert anti-inflammatory effect. This review is intended to provide reference for related research.
Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; pharmacology ; Dinoprostone ; Humans ; Interleukins ; MAP Kinase Signaling System ; NF-kappa B ; Nitric Oxide ; STAT Transcription Factors ; Sesquiterpenes ; pharmacology ; Signal Transduction ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha