The article reported that the lipid and EPA were extracted from Chlorella hirataii and analyzed by GC method. The content of the lipid could be influenced by the time and conditions of the culture. The results showed that the content of EPA in the lipid of Chlorella hirataii was about 28 per cent and was higher than the content of EPA in fish oil. Therefore, Chlorella hirataii was a valuable resource rich in EPA.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of electromyography on the clinical manifestations and prognosis after posterior lumbar interbody fusion(PLIF) of degenerative lumbar diseases. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on 68 patients with degenerative lumbar diseases, including 29 males and 39 females, aged 21 to 84 years old, who underwent electromyogram (EMG) from January 2018 to October 2019. The patients were divided into negative and positive groups according to whether theresults of EMG was normal or abnormal, PLIF surgery was performed in both groups. The preoperative duration of illness, postoperative recovery time, operative time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative ambulation time and length of postoperative hospital stay were recorded. The clinical efficacy was evaluated by visual analogue scale(VAS) of low back and lower limb, the Japanese Orthopedic Association(JOA) score before and after operation. RESULTS: All patients were follow-up from 26 to 39 months. The subjective symptoms, clinical signs, daily activities and JOA total scores after operation in two groups were significantly higher than those before preoperation(P<0.05);the clinical signs score and total JOA score in the negative group at 3 months after operation were higher than those in the positive group(P<0.05). The VAS score of leg pain in the negative group after 1 and 3 months was less than that in the positive group(P<0.05). Patients 's illness time, postoperative recovery time, hospitalization time and implantation time in the negative group were shorter than those in the positive group(P<0.05). At other time points, there was no significant difference in low pain VAS, leg pain VAS, JOA scores in the two groups(P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the operation time and intraoperative bleeding volume between the two groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSION Patients with normal electromyography had shorter disease duration than ones with abnormal electromyography in lumbar degenerative disease;after PLIF, patients with normal electromyography recovered faster than ones with abnormal electromyography, but the results of electromyography had no effect on the final prognosis of PLIF surgery.
Male ; Female ; Humans ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fusion/methods* ; Lumbar Vertebrae/surgery* ; Treatment Outcome ; Pain

ObjectiveTo investigate the P300 evoked by Stroop Color Word Task in children with emotional neglect, and to explore their implication for inhibition control. MethodsA cluster sampling was conducted for the first grade students of a middle school in Sanmenxia City, Henan Province. The students from 3 classes were assessed by standard Raven reasoning test and Child Neglect Scale (CNS), and a total of 147 eligible students were screened out. Children were divided into the emotional neglect group (n=40) and the control group (n=40) according to the 27% before and after the score of CNS emotional neglect factor. Both groups completed the Stroop Color word task, and EEG data were collected to compare the response time, accuracy, amplitude and latency of P300 between the two groups. ResultsThe CNS total score and the scores of safety neglect, communication neglect, physical neglect and emotional neglect factors in the emotional neglect group were significantly higher than those in control group (t=15.003, 4.301, 11.495, 4.803, 23.957, P<0.01). The average reaction time in the incongruent task of emotional neglect group was significantly longer than that in the control group [(879.02±101.52) ms vs. (756.93±113.91) ms, t=5.061, P<0.01]. Under incongruent task, the average amplitude of P300 in emotional neglect group was lower than that of the control group [(3.97±1.12) μV vs. (8.71±1.24) μV, t=-17.976, P<0.01]. The average latency of P300 of emotional neglect group was longer than that of the control group [(361.81±39.69) ms vs. (301.35±33.67) ms, t=7.346, P<0.01]. ConclusionUnder incongruent task, children with emotional neglect had longer response time, longer latency and lower amplitude of P300， which suggested that children with affective neglect may have inhibition and control disorder.

【Objective】To explore miRNA-138 protecting cardiomyocyte apoptosis of neonatal rats by inhibiting JNK/ p38 MAPK pathway.【Methods】Thirty-three whole blood samples from patients with acute myocardial ischemia during the period from January 2018 to December 2018 were collected. Thirty- three whole blood samples from healthy people who underwent physical examination in the same period were enrolled as controls. Ischemia/reperfusion（I/R）models of neonatal rats were established. Forty neonatal rats were randomly divided into blank control group（Control），model group（I/R model），negative control group（injected with unordered sequence）and miRNA-138 overexpression group（Ad-miRNA-138），with 10 cases in each group. The expression of miRNA- 138，Bcl2 and Bax mRNA in whole blood and myocardial tissues was detected by qRT-PCR. The levels of rat hemodynamic indexes were detected by electrophysiological recorder. The pathological damages of myocardial tissues were observed by HE staining. The expression of Caspase- 3 in myocardial tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry. The apoptosis of myocardial cells was observed by TUNEL staining. The content of reactive oxygen species （ROS） in myocardial tissues was detected by ELISA. The expression of JNK/p38 MAPK pathway protein was detected by Western blotting. 【Results】 Compared with healthy control，the level of whole blood miRNA- 138 was significantly decreased in patients with acute myocardial ischemia（P<0.05）. Compared with I/R model group，cardiomyocyte gap in Ad-miRNA-138 group was smaller，its arrangement was more uniform，and its structure was more complete. The miRNA- 138 expression，levels of cardiac function indexes such as +dp/dtmax，HR，LVSP and Bcl2/Bax were significantly increased，while number of apoptosis cells，rate of Caspase-3 positive-expression cells， ROS，p-p38/p38，Pc-jun/c-jun and p-JNK1/2/JNK1/2 were significantly down-regulated（P<0.05）.【Conclusion】MiRNA- 138 can inhibit cardiomyocyte apoptosis of rats，and reduce ROS damage by inhibiting JNK/p38 MAPK pathway， thus protecting cardiomyocytes of neonatal rats.

OBJECTIVE: To investigage the effects of celastrol-triggered HeLa cells autophagy and the molecular mechanisms in vitro and in vivo. METHODS: The antiproliferative effect of celastrol was detected using MTT assay. Apoptotic rate and cell cycle were evaluated using flow cytometric analysis. Autophagy was detected using fluorescence microscope. Protein expression was evaluated using Western blotting. Tumor growth was evaluated by subcutaneous xenograft model in vivo. RESULTS: Celastrol inhibited HeLa cells proliferation and induced HeLa cells autophagy and cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase, but not induced HeLa cell apoptosis in vitro. The protein expression of Beclin 1 was up-regulated and the conversion from LC3 to LC3 Ⅱ was increase in HeLa cells in vitro after treatment with celastrol. Moreover, celastrol promoted the protein expression of PTEN, p-ERK1/2, p-MEK1/2 and inhibited the phosphorylated of Akt, p70S6K and mTOR in HeLa cells. After pretreatment with 3-methyladenine (5 mmol•L-1), the antiproliferative and induced-autophagy effects of celastrol were reversed. Furthermore, celastrol inhibited tumor growth and the protein expression of p- Akt and p-mTOR, but up-regulated the protein expression of LC3 Ⅱ and Beclin 1 in vivo. CONCLUSION: Antitumor effect of celastrol dependent on cells autophagy in HeLa cells via inhibition of Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass(LRYGB)in the treatment of morbid obesity complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus,and to discuss the mechanism of LRYGB in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods The clinical data of 30 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with body mass index(BMI)≥35.00 who had undergone LRYGB from January 2007 to July 2007 in Cleveland Clinic were prospectively analyzed.The pre-and postoperative clinical parameters wcl"e analyzed by t test.Results The BMI,fasting plasma glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin were significantly decreased 6 months after the operation(t=27.399,23.025.15.593,P＜0.05).The cure rate at the end ofthe second month was 70%(21/30),and it was increased to 90%at the end of sixth month(27/30).The condition of the remaining 3 patients were improved.At the end of the second and sixth month',ffter operation,the BMIs of the patients who were cured by LRYGB were decreased by 27.89%±5.51%and 45.73%±2.82%.and the BMIs of the patients whose condition was improved were decreased by 35.65%±1.97%and 58.00%±3.05%(t=5.755,7.081,P＜0.05).Conclusions LRYGB is effective in the treatment of morbid obesity complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus.The curability of morbid obesity increases as the BMI decreases.

Objective: To observe the localization and expression of dopamine receptors in olfactory bulb (OB) of rats and explore the effect of L-levodopa (L-DOPA) treatment on hyposmia in Parkinson' s disease (PD) rat model. Methods: Western blotting, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were used to observe the expression and localization of dopamine receptors in the OB. PD rat model was established by bilateral 6-hydroxy dropamine(6-OHDA) injection to detect the effect of L-DOPA treatment on the hyposmia and the expression of glutamic decarboxylase (GAD) and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BNDF) of PD rats. Results Dl and D2 receptors were the major subtypes in the OB.D1 and D2 receptors were expressed by GAD positive Î3-aminobutyric acid (GABA) ergic neurons in the granule cell layer(GCL) which surrounded by tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) positive nerve fibers. The expression of TH in the GCL layer of PD rats decreased significantly (0. 05±0. 01 vs 0. 01±0. 00,P<0. 001). After L-DOPA treatment, the time of finding food balls in PD rats was significantly reduced [(624. 4±113.4)s vs (312. 4±79. 35) s, P<0.05]and the expression of BDNF in the OB was increased (0. 02±0. 01 vs 0. 07±0. 01, P<0. 01). Conclusion Dl and D2 are expressed in the GABAergic neurons in the GCL layer of OB. L-DOPA treatment alleviates the hyposmia of PD rats, which may be related to the D1-D2 receptor heteromeractivation and its downstream BDNF expression of GABAergic neurons.

Objective : To investigate the role of lncSIL in transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)-induced alveo- lar epithelial interstitial transformation (EMT) and its related signaling pathways . Methods : Western blot was used to detect the effect of lncSIL silencing on the expression of E-cadherin ( E-cad) , alpha-smooth muscle actin ( α- SMA) and Collagen I (Col I) in the process of EMT induced by TGF-β1 . LncSIL interacting proteins were ana- lyzed by RNA pulldown . Western blot was used to detect the effect of overexpression or silencing of lncSIL on the expression of its target gene enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) and its downstream factors P21 and cyclin-de- pendent kinase 6 (CDK6) . Flow cytometry was used to analyze the effect of lncSIL on cell cycle progression . Results: After lncSIL silencing , the expression of α-SMA and Col I increased , the expression of E-cad decreased . RNA pulldown assay showed that EZH2 was the target protein that interacted with lncSIL , and the expression of EZH2 increased after silencing lncSIL , the expression of EZH2 downstream gene P21 decreased , CDK6 increased . Flow cytometry showed that the number of cells in S phase significantly increased . When lncSIL was overexpressed , the expression of EZH2 and CDK6 was down-regulated , the expression of P21 was up-regulated , and the number of S phase cells significantly decreased . Conclusion LncSIL inhibits TGF-β1-induced alveolar epithelial cell mesen- chymal transition by negatively regulating EZH2/P21 /CDK6 signaling pathway to inhibit cell cycle progression .

BackgroundPatients with schizophrenia of Yangming Fushi syndrome experience more severe symptoms， and a substantial proportion of patients derive inadequate benefit from antipsychotics and suffer from serious adverse effects， yet few studies have been conducted on the treatment of schizophrenia of Yangming Fushi syndrome with Zengye Chengqi decoction. ObjectiveTo explore the efficacy of Zengye Chengqi decoction combined with olanzapine in the treatment of schizophrenia of Yangming Fushi syndrome， in order to provide references for the treatment of schizophrenia with the combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine. MethodsA total of 60 patients attending the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College from January 2022 to August 2023 and fulfilling the International Classification of Diseases （ICD-10） diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia were enrolled， and assigned into study group （n=30） and control group （n=30） using random number table methods. All patients were treated with olanzapine， and study group was given Zengye Chengqi decoction on this basis. Treatment for both groups lasted for 4 weeks. All participants were assessed using Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale （PANSS）， Montreal Cognitive Assessment （MoCA） and Event-Related Potential P300 at baseline and end of treatment. The occurrence of adverse reactions was recorded at the end of treatment. ResultsStudy group reported a higher treatment effective rate compared with control group （χ²=9.320， P=0.002）. After treatment， study group detected a significant reduction in PANSS subscales and total scores （F=10.287， 8.258， 8.844， 20.079， P<0.01）， and a notable increase in scores of delayed recall and orientation domains from MoCA （F=4.463， 22.255， P<0.05 or 0.01） when compared with control group， with statistical difference. For the P3 component of event-related potential， study group produced significantly larger amplitudes than control group （F=4.247， P<0.05）. The incidence rate of abnormal liver function， constipation and increased body mass index （BMI） in study group was lower than those in control group （χ²=4.320， 4.463， 7.200， P<0.05 or 0.01）. ConclusionZengye Chengqi decoction combined with olanzapine are found to be effective in improving the psychotic symptoms and cognitive function and alleviating the adverse reactions of patients with schizophrenia of Yangming Fushi syndrome. ［Funded by Open Project of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Discipline of Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College （number， XYEFYJSSJ-2023-09）； www.chictr.org.cn number： ChiCTR2200057743］

【Objective】 To investigate the effects and potential mechanisms of neurodegenerative lesions in male mice caused by ozone exposure. 【Methods】 We divided 23 C57BL/6N male mice aged 8 to 9 months into control group （clean air group， 11） and ozone group （1 mg/m ³， 4h/d， 12）. After 8 weeks of continuous ozone exposure， the Morris water maze experiment was used to detect the mice’s learning and memory ability， HE dyeing to observe pathological changes in hippocampal tissue cells， and immunoprinting tests to detect the expression levels of Tau， p-Tau and α-synuclein proteins in the cerebral cortex tissue. 【Results】 After 8 weeks of ozone exposure， the mice’s spatial learning and memory ability were impaired to a certain extent， the incubation period decreased with time， and the two lines were separated， but the difference was not statistically significant. Ozone exposure caused changes in the morphology of the mice’s hippocampal tissue cells， disorders in the arrangement of hippocampal neuron， and nuclear wrinkles， and significantly increased levels of p-Tau and α-synuclein protein expressions in cerebral cortex tissues （P<0.01）， but there was no statistical significance in the total Tau expression level. 【Conclusion】 Ozone exposure leads to the loss of learning and memory in mice， changes in hippocampal neurocellular pathology， and increased expression levels of neurodegenerative variable-related proteins.