With the development of technology and the deterioration of environment,more and more attention was attracted to the research on fluid dynamics in human upper respiratory tract.In this paper,the methods of research on fluid dynamics in human upper respiratory tract were introduced,and the mechanical models of human upper respiratory tract which were constructed by the scholars in the resent years were summarized.In addition,the current status of research on the airflow movements,the transportation and deposition of the particles in human upper respiratory tract was analyzed.The developing trend of this field was prospected as well.

The technology of info-visualization is recommended.The main research of info-visualization system of medical equipment is proposed and the key technologies involved in that system are discussed.

S95-100field mobile medical system is a field mobile hospital composed of such function cells as medical shelters,tents,special vehicles and transportable containers.Several logistic functions of the cells are introduced including patients checking and sorting,surgery,pre-operation preparation,emergency,clinical laboratory,medical supply,X-ray diagnosis,sterilization,medical command and communication,patient holding ward,logistic technical support and connection.The whole system assignments by different modules clipping and transformations,the application tests and widen tryouts in the army are alsopresented.

The domestic and foreign research status related to thermal environment in the cabin(room) is reviewed.Parameters which affect thermal environment and the index limits in the standards of the different cabin(room) are narrated overall.Measuring methods pertinent to parameters of thermal environment are introduced.Finally,the comprehensive evaluation indices of thermal comfort in the cabin(room) and their using fields are analyzed emphatically.It's essential to study thermal environment and it can establish theory foundation for research on thermal environment index system inside mobile medical equipments.

Objective Mobile operating compartment with overpressure protection can provide a safety environment for the patients and the surgical team by minimizing the risk of biochemical contamination through appropriate air filtration, steady overpressure foundation and air distribution scheme. Methods The air movement and the temperature distribution inside the mobile operating compartment with the overpressure protection performance were simulated by the technique of computational fluid dynamics(CFD), the air pattern and the temperature distribution were analyzed. Results The air velocity was under 0.5m/s in the most zone of person activity and the air velocity were distributed uniformly in the mobile operating compartment under the condition of the overpressure protection system. The obvious temperature gradient didn't exist in the vertical plane of the mobile operating compartment. The temperature distribution in the mobile operating compartment was quite uniform and the temperature was almost at 27℃ with the temperature difference of almost 2℃. Conclusion The human thermal comfort is good in the mobile operating compartment and the environment in the mobile operating compartment can satisfy requirements of the operation.

Objective To design and produce a kind of NBC filtration and ventilation unit with the function of filtering biological aerosols and chemical poisonous gas and so on in the air,providing new clean air for the medical shelter.Methods The filtration unit and ventilation unit were united in principle of manipulability and repairability by modularization method.Results Structural dimensions and vibrational noises of the unit were reduced,and manipulability and repairability were improved.Conclusion The unit can meet the demands of biological and chemical protection for the medical shelters,and the structural design of fast fitting and so on can meet the requirements of fast responses.

Based on the structure characteristics of the stretcher base of WCY2000field ambulance,this paper sets up a finite element analysis model with twotypes of beam elements.The accuracies under twotypes of elements are discussed and model method of the same structure is presented.

To fulfill the plane-beam junction, this paper applies the simplified finite element modeling to the plane-beam composite structures. The finite element modeling of the teleconsulting vehicle compartment and its model analysis are performed. The results show that the finite element model can improve the design of the compartment and lays a foundation for the realization of the engineerization and sequencing of compartment dynamic strength design.

The compartment temperature- environment of mobile medical equipment is simulated by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and finite element method (FEM). Simulation results indicate that the airflow shape is reasonable and the compartment temperature can be kept at (25?3)℃, and that the velocity of airflow is less than 0.5m/s. The collective overpressure protection system is established according to the following 5 procedures, including alarming, controlling, filtering toxin, establishing overpressure and overpressure monitoring. It's proved that the protection system can form the overpressure not less than 300 pascal and make the compartment free of the air containing biological toxin, noxious chemical fumes and radioactive dust. The contamination process of the compartment is simulated in case of some toxic and noxious contaminant flowing into the compartment. The results are obtained that concentration distribution of contaminant attenuates rapidly from 5,000ppmv to 10ppmv during 130 seconds.

Objective To investigate the transportation of chemico-biological particles(CBP) through the micropassage inside the human body in order to improve chemico-biological protection.Methods Dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) method was used to study CBP transportation through micropassages inside the human body.Results The Poiseuille flow could be ensured by imposing boundary conditions including pressure gradient and no-slip.The axial velocity between fluid particles and CBPs was well matched except the area close to the passage wall.However, CBPs tended to accumulate and the density of CBPs slightly increased, leading to the jam effect and producing particle accumulation.Conclusion The characteristic of CBP transportation is better understood,which can help develop some chemico-biological protection devices according to movement of CBPs and improve the performance of CBPs during chemico-biological protection.