To observe the changes of artrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and endothelin (ET) lev-els in patients with c0ngenital heart disease (CHD) and discuss their mechanism and clinical significance.Methods: The pulmonary pressure of the pulmonary hypertension (PH)group was higher than 2 kPa- Thepulmonary pressure of Non-PH group was n0rmal. Healthy children served as control group. Results: (1)Plasma ANP level of the PH group was apparently higher than that 0f the N0n-PH group and c0ntrolgroup. (2) Plasma ET levels in the peripheral vein, vena cava,right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonaryartery and left atrium of the PH group were particularly higher than that of the Non-PH group and c0ntr0lgroup, especially in the left atrium. C0nclusi0n: (l) CHD with PH induces the increase in cardiac v0lumeand pressure load, thus accelerates the release 0f ANP. It is actually a compensatory mechanism for the el-evation of endogenic ANP. (2) ET is a vasoconstrictor. ET owns the importance at PH pathogenesis andhas a certain clinical value in the diagn0sis 0f PH. (3) ET causes ANP releasing, then inhibits ET effectthrough negative feed. B0th of them are antag0nists each other.

AIM: To explore the effect of receptor tyrosine kinase system mediated by phosphotyrosine phosphatase (PTP) on tau phosphorylation in rat hippocampus. METHODS: Pervanadate (PVN), inhibitor of PTP or inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3), LiCl were injected into rat hippocampus by stereotaxy technique. The level of tau phosphorylation was detected by Western blot and immunohistochemistry after 24 h of injection. RESULTS: PVN significantly inhibited tau phosphorylation at PHF-1 epitope and the inhibition of tau phosphorylation by PVN was stronger than that of LiCl (P

To observe the changes of endothelin(ET) and atrial natriuretic peptide(ANP) lev-els in chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertensive rats and discuss their mechanism. Methods: We duplicatedthe models of chronic hyp0xic pulmonary hypertensive rats and tested the concentrations of ET and ANP ofplasma and cardiac tissue by radioimmunoassey. Results: In pulmonary hypertension group, plasma ET,plasma ANP and myocardial ET levels increased more significantly than those of controls,except that my-ocardial ANP concentration decreased. There were positive c0rrelati0ns between plasma ET level and plas-ma ANP level and between plasma ET level and myocardial ET level, but a negative correlation betweenplasma ANP level and myocardial ANP level. C0nclusion: It is suggested that the synthesis and secretionof ET and ANP increase in pulmonary hypertension,and therefore provides reference to clinical diagnosisand therapy.

Objective To establish a gestational diabetes rat model by feeding the rats with high-fat diet.Methods A total of 55 female SD rats were divided into four groups:NV group,NP group,FV group and FP group.Three months after normal feeding,the female rats in NP and FP group were put into the same cage with the male rats at the ratio of 2∶1 and were given high-fat diet or normal diet as usual.Before pregnancy and day 1,7,14,20 in pregnancy,fasting plasma glucose and body weight of rats were detected.The fasting serum insulin and serum c-peptide levels were monitored by enzyme immunoassay and insulin resistance index was calculated.At late pregnancy,glucose tolerance and the indicator of fat were tested.Liver and pancreas were dyed to be observed under microscope.FResultS Body weights of the rats raised with high-fat diet were significantly higher than those of control group and body weight during pregnancy significantly increased (P＜0.05).Fasting glucose,fasting insulin and serum C-peptide in FP group were signifieantly higher than those in NP group and insulin resistance was evident (P＜0.05).The area under curve of GTT in FP group was significantly larger (P＜0.05).The levels of serum lipids in FP group were higher than those in normal group.CorncluSiornS The gestational diabetes rat model induced by high-fat diet can be successfully established.The model presents major pathophysiological manifestations of GDM and can be used as a good model of GDM in relevant research.

BACKGROUND:The living standard of farmers and herdsmen in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China is significantly lower than that of urban residents in general. Meanwhile, the shortage of doctors and medicines and lack of medical knowledge are the main reasons for local farmers and herdsmen to suffer from knee osteoarthritis. Most of the farmers and herdsmen are not aware of or prevent knee osteoarthritis in the early days to remove pathogenic factors, which results in a serious condition at the time of their medical treatment. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the main pathogenic factors of knee osteoarthritis in Uygur, Kazakh and Han populations in pastoral areas of northern Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China.METHODS:The permanent residents of Uygur, Kazakh and Han ethnic groups in northern Xinjiang, China who met the criteria were selected by the method of stratified, multistage and cluster random sampling during June 2012 to October 2014. The investigation of knee osteoarthritis was conducted among al the residents who meet the inclusion criteria using the method of home scene closed questionnaire. X-ray lateral plain film examination of the knee joint was performed among the patients presenting with the symptoms of knee osteoarthritis. The database was established. The multi-factor and unconditional Logistic regression analysis was conducted among the 40 variables using SPSS 20.0 software. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The 3 402 of 3 540 questionnaires were valid. The Logistic regression analysis suggest that the common pathogenic factors in Han, Uygur and Kazakh ethnic groups are associated with older ages, female gender, high body mass and drink alcohol. Smoking, history of internal disease, high education level, standing position, climbing, trauma, family history, fried food, housing conditions and amenorrhea, different nationalities, churchgoing of ethnic minorities are also the major risk factors. Among the three ethnic groups, the prevalence of female patients in Uygur and Kazak ethnic groups is significantly higher than that of Chinese Han nationality. The morbidity is different among these three nationalities. The dietary preferences cannot be determined as the related influencing factor of knee osteoarthritis. Whether the means of transportation, residence climate and environment, the number of pregnancies and deliveries, drinking tea or not, the type of tea are related to knee osteoarthritis remains unclear.

GAP-43,netrin-1,collapsin-1,and neuropilin-1 have been regarded to play crucial roles in the formation of patterned neural connections.The cerebellum consists of five distinct concentric layers:white matter,internal granule layer (IGL),Purkinje cell layer (PCL),molecular layer (ML),and external granule layer (EGL) in young rodents.Cells in EGL are generated after birth.In contrast Purkinje neurons are born before birth,which receive main innervations of climbing fibers fi'om the inferior olivary nucleus and parallel fibers from the internal granule cells.These innervations are mostly established in the first three postnatal weeks,accompanying the sprouting and maturation of Purkinje cells.The potential roles of GAP-43,netrin-1,collapsin-1 and neuropilin-1 in the postnatal development of cerebellum remain unclear.To get insights into the above issue,the expression of GAP-43,netrin-1,collapsin-1,and neuropilin-1 mRNAs and proteins were examined in the cerebellum of mice at postnatal days (P) 5,P10,P20 and adulthood.The results showed that these four molecules were expressed in different temporal and spatial patterns in the postnatal cerebellum of mice,which was in match with axonal synaptogenesis,elongation and synapse formation during postnatal development and adulthood.By using double immunohistocbemistry,it was found that the Purkinje cells stained for GAP-43 were also positive for either netrin-1 or collapsin-1 at P10,and cells stained for collapsin-1 were also positive for netrin-1 or neuropilin-1.It was suggested that the four molecules are involved in the postnatal development of cerebellum.

Pim kinases contribute to tumor formation and development of lymphoma, which shows enhanced DNA replication, DNA recombination and repair. Endothelial cells^(ECs) express all the three members of Pim kinase gene family. We hypothesized that DNA repair gene would regulate Pim expression in ECs. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were isolated and maintained in M199 culture medium. The cellular distribution of Pim-3 in ECs was determined by immunofluorescent staining. The siRNA fragments were synthesized and transfected by using Lipofectamine LTX. The total cellular RNA was extracted from the cells by using Trizol reagent. cDNAs were quantified by semi-quantity PCR. The effects of LY294002 and wortmannin on RNA stability in ECs were also examined. Our data showed that LY294002 and wortmannin, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and PI3K-like kinase inhibitors, increased Pim mRNA expression in ECs without altering the mRNA stability. RNA interference (RNAi) targeting DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) and ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) increased mRNA expression of Pim-3 and Pim-1, respectively. Silencing of Akt decreased Pim-1 instead of Pm-2 and Pim-3 gene expression in ECs. But etoposide, a nucleoside analogue, which could activate DNA-PKcs and ATM, increased Pim expression in ECs. Our study indicates that the expression of Pim kinases is physiologically related to DNA-PKcs and ATM in ECs.

Pim kinases contribute to tumor formation and development of lymphoma,which shows enhanced DNA replication,DNA recombination and repair.Endothelial cells (ECs) express all the three members of Pim kinase gene family.We hypothesized that DNA repair gene would regulate Pim expression in ECs.Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were isolated and maintained in M199 culture medium.The cellular distribution of Pim-3 in ECs was determined by immunofluorescent staining.The siRNA fragments were synthesized and transfected by using Lipofectamine LTX.The total cellular RNA was extracted from the cells by using Trizol reagent.cDNAs were quantified by semi-quantity PCR.The effects of LY294002 and wortmannin on RNA stability in ECs were also examined.Our data showed that LY294002 and wortmannin,phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and PI3K-like kinase inhibitors,increased Pim mRNA expression in ECs without altering the mRNA stability.RNA interference (RNAi) targeting DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) and ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) increased mRNA expression of Pim-3 and Pim-1,respectively.Silencing of Akt decreased Pim-1 instead of Pm-2 and Pim-3 gene expression in ECs.But etoposide,a nucleoside analogue,which could activate DNA-PKcs and ATM,increased Pim expression in ECs.Our study indicates that the expression of Pim kinases is physiologically related to DNA-PKcs and ATM in ECs.

BACKGROUND:Percutaneous vertebroplasty has become the main treatment method for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures due to its advantages of convenient operation and low trauma.However,the optimal bone cement-vertebral volume ratio has not been determined. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of bone cement-vertebral volume ratio on percutaneous vertebroplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. METHODS:The clinical data of 100 patients with single-stage osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures admitted to Xinjiang Bazhou People's Hospital from July 2019 to July 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.All patients received percutaneous vertebroplasty.According to the bone cement-vertebral volume ratio,they were divided into the low volume group(15%≤ratio≤20%)and the high volume group(20%0.05).The vertebral anterior margin height in the low volume group was lower than that in the high volume group at 3 days and 1 year after surgery(P<0.05).The Cobb angle of the injured vertebrae in the low volume group was higher than that in the high volume group at 3 days and 1 year after surgery(P<0.05).(2)There were 10 H-type and 40 O-type bone cement distributions in the low volume group.There were 36 H-type and 14 O-type bone cement distributions in the high volume group,and there was no significant difference in bone cement distributions between the two groups(P<0.05).The bone cement leakage rate in the high volume group and low volume group was 10%and 6%,respectively.(3)It is indicated that both low and high bone cement-vertebral volume ratios can improve postoperative pain and functional dysfunction,but high bone cement-vertebral volume ratio can improve the morphological recovery of injured vertebral,which may be related to the fact that the distribution of bone cement in this group is more H-type.

TORCH, which is considered as a series of pathogens, including the Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella virus, Cytomegalovirus or Herpes simplex virus, often infects the pregnant women to induce the the fetus or newborn infection by transplacental infection or exposure to contaminated genital tract secretions at delivery. Increasing evidence have been confirmed that the infection of TORCH may cause the miscarriage, premature birth, malformed fetus, stillbirth, intrauterine growth retardation, neonatal multiple organ dysfunction and other adverse pregnancy outcomes. For most TORCH-infections cases may lacking the effective treatments during pregnancy, and it is important to achieve the effacing monitoring of TORCH infections before and during pregnancy. The laboratory testing of TORCH has the great significance. However, the consensus opinions still need to improve the the standardization of TORCH testing process and the correct interpretation. Based on the characteristics of the TORCH detection method, this article gives a consensus opinion on the standardized detection and clinical application of TORCH from the laboratory perspective according to the characteristics and types of infection of different pathogens.