The interaction between heart and brain has drawn more and more attention in recent years. The concept of heart-brain inte-gration has been gradually established, which means the interaction in physiology and pathology between the two organs. On the basis of nerve-fluid system, sympathetic nervous system and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAs) are involved in the modulation of heart and brain. As review of the ancient literature of China, heart and brain were considered as the organs of cognition and behavior, which are the functions of only brain from modern science. Several recent researches supported the opinions of ancient Chinese scholars in some ways.

Objective To observe the effect of Tongqiaohuoxue decoction on cognitive impairment in rats with traumatic brain injury and explore the mechanisms. Methods 70 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into normal group (n=10), sham operated group (n=20), untreated group (n=20) and treatment group (n=20). Controlled cortical impact device was utilized to establish traumatic brain injury model. The treatment group received Tongqiaohuoxue decoction 5 ml/d, and other groups received distilled water. The cognitive function of rats was evaluated with Morris water maze 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks post operation. And the rats were sampled to test the expression of brain-derived neu-rotrophic factor (BDNF) and synaptophysin (Syn) I in hippocampus through immunohistochemistry. Results The escape latency was longer in the untreated group than in the normal group in all the time points (P<0.05), and was longer in the treatment group than in the normal group 1 and 2 weeks after injury (P<0.05), with no significant difference 3 and 4 weeks after injury (P>0.05). And it was shorter in the treat-ment group than in the untreated group 3 and 4 weeks after injury (P<0.05). The percentage of swimming time was lower in the untreated group than in the normal group in all the time points (P<0.05), and was lower in the treatment group than in the normal group 1, 2, and 3 weeks after injury (P<0.05), with no significant difference 4 weeks after injury (P>0.05). And it was higher in the treatment group than in the untreated group weeks after injury (P<0.05). The BDNF expression was lower in the untreated group than in the normal group 1 and 2 weeks after injury (P<0.05), with no significant difference 3 and 4 weeks after injury (P>0.05). It was higher in the treatment group than in the normal group 4 weeks after injury (P<0.01), and was higher in the treatment group than in the untreated group 2, 3 and 4 weeks after in-jury (P<0.05). The Syn I expression was lower in the untreated group than in the normal group in all the time points (P<0.001), and was low-er in the treatment group than in the normal group 1, 2 and 3 weeks after treatment (P<0.01). And it was higher in the treatment group than in the untreated group 3 and 4 weeks after injury (P<0.01). Conclusion Tongqiaohuoxue decoction could improve the cognitive function in rats with traumatic brain injury. The change in expression of BDNF and Syn I might be associated with the improvements.

0.05),that is to say, IRR couldn′t be improved just because the grade of the hospital was higher. (3)Comparing the photographic department with the non photographic one, we could see there was noticeable difference(? 2=4.081 3, P

Stroke is common clinically and spasticity is one of the main symptoms.There is some advance in recognition of the spasticity after stroke in the basic and clinic,but it remains obscure.

Objective To study the relationship between needle retaining anddeqi. Methods Manual acupuncture was performed at the left ST36 of 26 naive healthy adult volunteers. Half of them retained the needles for 6 min and others were put the needle out immediately afterdeqi. Hemodynamic parameters of the anterior tibial artery were observed with color Doppler ultrasonography before and at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 min after acupuncture. Results There was significant difference in Vmax、Vm、Pi and Dist in anterior tibial artery before and 3 min after acupuncture, but wasn't between needle remaining and not. Conclusion Needle retaining cannot change the regional haemodynamics during acupuncture, which suggest it cannot strengthendeqi.

Objective To evaluate the levels of ghrelin, adiponectin, leptin and true insulin in human milk from mothers with and without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and to assess the effects of these parameters on infant growth. Methods Fifty-two GDM mothers and their healthy infants (GDM group) and 49 non-GDM mothers and their healthy infants (control group) were enrolled from Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital and Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2010 to August 2010. The levels of ghrelin, adiponectin, leptin and true insulin in colostrum and human milk 90 days postpartum (mature milk) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Infant weight, length and head circumference at birth and at 90 days old were measured. The two-sample t-test, sum-rank test and Spearman correlation analysis were used for statistical analysis. Results Compared with the control group, ghrelin was significantly lower in human milk from GDM mothers both in colostrum [136.7 (102.7-181.4) vs 175.4 (137.5-235.0) ng/L, t= -2.737] and mature milk [111.8 (77.5-184.2) vs 210.9 (147.3-381.9) ng/L, t= -3.268]. Adiponectin was also significantly lower in human milk from GDM mothers both in colostrum [21.7 (14.6-51.8) vs 57.0 (23.1-113.9)μg/L, t=-2.858] and mature milk [11.7 (8.4-14.4) vs 15.1 (11.9-18.5)μg/L, t=-2.625], however, true insulin level was higher in colostrum [22.8 (13.4-50.2) vs 20.4 (7.8-30.8) mU/L, t=-2.007] and mature milk [33.6 (22.5-54.1) vs 23.5 (13.5-31.6) mU/L, t=-2.009]. The differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). (2) In the colostrums of the GDM group, true insulin level was negatively associated with ghrelin (r=-0.342), but positively associated with adiponectin (r=0.305). In the control group, the level of true insulin in mature milk was positive associated with leptin in colostrums( r=0.456)and mature milk(r=0.629). The differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). (3) In the GDM group, adiponectin level in colostrum was negatively associated with neonatal birth weight (r= - 0.323, P=0.025); the leptin/adiponectin ratio was negatively associated with neonatal birth weight (r= -0.403, P=0.005) and head circumference (r= -0.327, P=0.039) at birth. Adiponectin level in mature milk was negatively associated with infant length 90 days postpartum (r=-0.406, P=0.040). In the control group, the leptin/adiponectin ratio in colostrum was negatively associated with neonatal head circumference at birth (r= -0.370, P=0.024). Adiponectin level in mature milk was positively associated with infant weight 90 days postpartum (r=0.432, P=0.007). Conclusion Women with GDM have different levels of ghrelin, adiponectin and true insulin in their milk from the normal controls, which may affect infant growth.

Objective To evaluate the method of controlled cortical impact(CCI) on long term cognitive disorder after traumatic brain injury(TBI) and to investigate the possible pathological mechanism.Methods Sixty male SD rats were randomly assigned into 3 groups:sham surgery group(n =10),control group (n =10) and CCI group(n =40).CCI application was used to make the bilateral frontal lobe controlled cortical impact model (depth:1.5 mm,velocity =3.5 m/s,dwell time =400 ms).Morris water maze test and Nissl's staining was used to assess the cognitive function and pathological changes after 8 weeks of CCI.The expressions of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and tyrosine protein kinase B (TrkB) mRNA in frontal lobe and hippocampus tissue was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results The mortality in CCI group was only 12.5％.Morris water maze test results showed the escape latency in CCI group was longer than that in sham surgery and control groups(F =51.784,P ＜ 0.05).Percent of time spend in goal quarter during probe trial in CCI group was significantly less than that in sham surgery and control groups(F =13.468,P ＜ 0.05).Nissl's staining showed frontal lobe had obviously defects; Nissl's bodies of frontal cortex and CA1 region in hippocampus reduced.The expressions of BDNF and TrkB mRNA in frontal lobe and hippocampus were significantly less than those in sham surgery and control groups(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The CCI model can be applied for study on long term cognitive disorder after TBI with good stability and repeatability.Using the experimental parameters of CCI can damage the long term cognitive function after TBI in rats,and lead the pathology changes of brain tissue clearly.This may have some relationship with the expressions of BDNF and TrkB mRNA.

Objective To investigate any correlation between diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) results and Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) scores after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI).Methods Eight male pa-tients with chronic severe TBI were given the MoCA (including memory,attention,speech and executive function).DTI was used to quantify the fractional anisotropy (FA) of white matter fiber tracts in the radial and longitudinal fasciculus,under longitudinal fasciculus,internal capsule,corpus callosum genu and body,and the cingulate cortex.Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to quantify the correlation between the FA values and MoCA scores.Results There was a positive correlation between FA in the corpus callosum body,corpus callosum genu and the superior longitudinal fasciculus and MoCA total scores.Conclusion The MoCA scores of patients with chronic severe TBI are related to white matter damage in the corpus callosum body,corpus callosum genu and the superior longitudinal fasciculus.

OBJECTIVE To obtain the primary differential items between bacillary dysentery and other infectious diarrhea through risk factor analysis.METHODS The epidemiology and clinical manifestation of 138 bacillary dysentery patients and 205 other infectious diarrhea patients were investigated.The Logistic regression was used to screen the correlation factors to differentiate bacillary dysentery from other infectious diarrhea.RESULTS The mean temperature of bacillary dysentery patients was(38.4?0.7)℃,while that of other infectious diarrhea was(38.1?0.6)℃(P=0.023).Bacillary dysentery patients with tenesmus and mucous stool were 34.1% and 55.8%,respectively but of 11.7% and 1.5% of other infectious diarrhea patients(P

ObjectiveTo observe the changes of thyroid hormone and reproductive hormone in post-acute traumatic brain injury(TBI).Methods70 post-acute TBI patients were selected from Beijing Charity Hospital from September 2009 to March 2010. The levels of thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH), triiodothyronine(T3), thyroxine(T4), free triiodothyronine(FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), follicie stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2), progesterone (P), and testosterone (T) were measured at 7 a.m. to 8 a.m. on the second day of admisson. According to the reference ranges, the total abnormal rate and the single hormone abnormal rate were calculated. According to the level of hormone, the subjects were divided into the normal group and the abnormal group. The two groups were compared in gender, age, course of disease, duration of coma, basal fracture and scores of Disability Rating Scale (DRS).ResultsThe total abnormal incidence of anterior pituitary hormone was 77.1% in post-acute TBI. The abnormality of reproductive hormones was higher. The duration of coma was related to the reproductive hormone.ConclusionThe abnormal incidence of anterior pituitary hormone occurs frequently in post-acute TBI. The duration of coma is related to the reproductive hormone.