AIM: To establish the determination method of chlorogenic acid and baicalin in Ganmaozhike Granules (Flos Lonicerae,Radix Scutellariae,etc.). METHODS : The contents of chlorogenic acid and baicalin in Ganmaozhike Granules were determined by HPLC. RESULTS : The linear velation was good. The average recovery of chlorogenic acid was 101.9%,RSD was 1.12%;The average recovery of baicalin was 99.2%,RSD was 1.31%. CONCLUSION : The method is simple,accurate and with a good reproducibility and can be used for the quality control of the granules.

Objective To investigate the influence of 18F-FDG on the proliferation of Lewis lung cancer cell line,and to elucidate its possible mechanism.Methods Morphological changes of cells after culture for 24 h at different concentrations of 0,0.37,1.85,3.70 and 7.4 (×106) Bq/ml of 18F-FDG were observed by using inverted microscopy and electron microscopy.The apoptosis and phase distribution of cell cycle of irradiated cells were analyzed with flow cytometry.DNA synthesis of irradiated cells was assayed by 3H-TdR incorporation.Lipid peroxidation was measured by chromometry and expression of Bcl-2 and Bax protein was measured by immunohistochemical technique.Results Exposed to (0-7.40) × 106Bq/ml of 18F-FDG for 24 h,the cumulative absorbed doses delivered to cells in five groups were 0,0.11,0.55,1.10 and 2.20 Gy,respectively.Irradiated cells showed morphological changes of apoptosis.The apoptosis rate of irradiated cells was increased from (4.05 ± 0.01)% to (25.6 ± 0.28) % (t = 188,P＜0.01).3H-TdR incorporation rate was decreased from 100% to(22.0 ± 0.51)% (t =27.6,P ＜0.05).The levels of M DA in cells were augmented from (0.08 ± 0.03) to (0.67 ± 0.12) μmol/L (t =11.7,P ＜ 0.01).Cell cycle arrest was found in G2/M phase with the increasing doses from 0 to 2.20 Gy.The expression of Bcl-2 protein was decreased while that of Bax protein increased.Conclusions 18F-FDG could induce the apoptosis of cells and inhibit the proliferation of cells.

Objective To explore the clinical features and treatment of thyroid carcinoma in children. Method The clinical data of 19 children under 14 years old with thyroid carcinoma diagnosed and treated from January 2003 to January 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Results In 19 cases (12 males and 7 females), there were 18 cases of papillocarcinoma and one case pf follicular carcinoma. Unilateral lobectomy plus isthmectomy was performed in 6 cases, subtotal thyroidectomy in 4 cases and total thyroidectomy in 9 cases. Unilateral cervical lymph node dissection was performed in 5 cases and bilateral in 11 cases. After the operation, multiple lesions were confirmed by pathology in 9 cases, thyroid capsular invasion in 14 cases, lymphatic metastasis in 15 cases and distant metastasis in 5 cases. All the patients were treated with TSH, and 10 cases were treated with 131I after operation. The median follow-up time was 63 months. There was no death in all cases, while local residual tumor recurrence was found in 2 cases and cervical lymph node metastasis in 2 cases and distant metastasis in one case. Conclusion Thyroid carcinoma in children is mostly well-differentiated, so the overall prognosis is better. However, children who have extracapsular invasion, multiple lesions in bilateral thyroid, cervical lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis are at high risks and should be treated with comprehensive therapy that includes total thyroidectomy.

Objective:To investigate the factors related to recurrence and prognosis of retroperitoneal liposarcoma.Method:The clinical data of patients with primary retroperitoneal liposarcoma who underwent surgical treatment in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from June 2011 to January 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. There were 42 males and 47 females and patients’median age was 53 (26-78). Sixty-five cases were treated by operation in our hospital, and 24 cases were primarily treated by the operation in another hospital. The clinical manifestations of the initial diagnosis included retroperitoneal mass in 41 cases, abdominal distension in 12 cases, abdominal pain in 10 cases, fever in 11 cases, nausea, vomiting and poor appetite in 8 cases, frequent urination and dysuria in 6 cases, and bilateral lower limb edema in 1 case. Preoperative CT imaging showed that the tumor body was located in the retroperitoneal kidney area in 58 cases, while in the retroperitoneal space or the pelvic extraperitoneal space in 31 cases. There were 55 single cases and 34 multiple cases. The median tumor length was 20(3-52) cm. Among the primarily treated 65 patients, 47(72.3%) were considered as primary retroperitoneal liposarcoma by preoperative imaging examination. Among the 89 patients treated by surgery, 78 underwent endoscopic surgery, among which 21 underwent laparoscopic surgery, 38 cases of retroperitoneal laparoscopic surgery, 19 cases of Da Vinci robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery. Open operation was performed in 11 cases. There were 87 patients undergoing radical resection and 2 patients undergoing palliative resection. Forty-two patients underwent intraoperative combined resection of the adjacent organs. The recurrence and survival status of patients were followed up.Results:All the 89 patients underwent the operation successfully, with the median operative blood loss of 200 (10-2000) ml. There were 23 cases being diagnosed of well differentiated liposarcoma, 40 cases of dedifferentiated, 20 cases of myxoid/round, 5 cases of myxoid liposarcoma, and 1 cases of mixed type. Pathologically, there 42 cases with low grade histology and 47 cases with high grade histology. In this study, 89 patients were followed up for 3 to 108 months, and the median follow-up time was 28 months. The 5-year recurrence free survival rate, disease-free survival rate and overall survival rate of the patients were 16.7%, 16.1% and 52.6%, respectively. There were 57 patients presenting local recurrence, 1 patient of lung metastasis, and 1 patient of liver metastasis, and the median disease-free survival time was 24 months. There were 42 patients died of the disease, with a median survival time of 64 months. Univariate analysis showed that intraoperative blood loss( P<0.01), whether multiple cases( P<0.01), pathologic types( P<0.01), and histological grades ( P<0.01) were related to disease-free survival.The intraoperative blood loss( P<0.01), multiple cases( P<0.05), pathologic types ( P<0.05), and recurrence ( P<0.01)were related with overall survival. Gender, age, tumor size, tumor location, whether primary surgery, radical resection or combined resection of adjacent organ had no effect on the prognosis of patients ( P>0.05). Cox regression model multivariate analysis revealed that surgical bleeding ( RR=2.360, 95% CI 1.313-4.241, P=0.004), multiple tumor ( RR=1.899, 95% CI 1.068-3.375, P=0.029), and pathological type ( RR=4.976, 95% CI 1.622-15.264, P=0.005) were independent factors affecting disease-free survival. The recurrence was an independent factor affecting the overall survival of patients ( RR=31.495, 95% CI 1.062-933.684, P=0.046). Conclusions:Retroperitoneal liposarcoma is a rare disease with high recurrence rate. The intraoperative blood loss, whether multiplicity and pathological type are independent factors affecting the disease-free survival, and recurrence is independent factors affecting the overall survival.