OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for rational use and standard management of antibiotics. METHODS:The relevant information for antibiotics used in the inpatients of our hospital involved in antibiotics special rectification during 2011 to 2014 were extracted from hospital information system,and the relevant data of antibiotics use were analyzed statistically. The changes of several indicators in the inpatients of our hospital were investigated,including the utilization rate and amount of antibiotics,DDDs and the uti-lization rate of typeⅠincision antibiotics for prophylactic use. RESULTS:The ratio of consumption sum of antibiotics in total con-sumption sum were decreasing from 2011 to 2014. The utilization rate of antibiotics and of typeⅠincision antibiotics for prophylactic use were decreased significantly,decreasing from 77.30% and 47.57% in 2011 to 57.24% and 5.89% in 2014. The consumption sum of cefepime occupied the first 3 places in 3 years. DDDs of cefotaxime and cefoperazone/sulbactam occupied the first 2 places in 4 years. CONCLUSIONS:The development of“antibiotics special rectification activities”have achieved remarkable results in our hospi-tal,the various index of antibiotics in the inpatients have been obviously improved,and clinical application of antibiotics become more reasonable,which lay a good foundation for continuous improvement of clinical application and management of antibiotics.

Long terms of chronic pain may induce emotional disorder such as depression,anxiety and aversion.It is worthy of studying the mechanism and therapy on pain emotional disorder.The animal model is important in basic researches,and the quantitative evaluation methods on the psychiatric factors are gradually applied in the pain research.The methods of evaluating the psychiatric disorder of pain are discussed in this paper,which will provide theory basis in the relevant fields.

Purpurin is a common component ofRubia cordifolia L. The study on its molecular target was useful for elucidating the therapeutic material basis and action mechanism ofR. cordifolia. HT-29 cells were used in the cell culture. The highly expressed G Protein-coupled Receptor-35 (GPR35) agonist was used as target. The label-free optical biosensor cellular assay was used to investigate the agonist activity ofpurpurin at an endogenous receptor. The results showed thatpurpurin can cause DMR response in HT-29 cells. And the DMR response curve type was consistent with zaprinast. Its EC50 was 6.142± 0.189μmol·L-1. In addition,purpurinhad desensitization effect on GPR35 agonist zaprinast in HT-29 cells. GPR35 agonist ML145 blocked the DMR ofpurpurin. It was concluded thatpurpurinwas the GPR35 agonist.

Purpose To investigate the effects of chemotactic factor CCR4 on the abi1ity of pro1iferation,ce11 cyc1e,invasion,and mi-gration of human ga11b1adder cancer ce11. Methods Western b1ot was used to detect the expression 1eve1 of CCR4 in ga11b1adder carci-noma ce11s. Ga11b1adder carcinoma ce11s was infected by means of s1ow virus,the CCR4 gene si1encing was conducted using siRNA-CCR4 interference techno1ogy. Ga11b1adder carcinoma ce11s GBC-SD were divided into three groups( GBC-SD,GBC-SD/CCR4-RNAi and GBC-SD/contro1). CCL17,a 1igand of CCR4,was used to act on these three groups of ce11s. CCK8 method was used to detect the ce11 pro1iferation abi1ity of three groups. F1ow cytometry was used to test ce11 cyc1e. Tanswe11 assay was app1ied to detect ce11 migration and invasion abi1ity. Western b1ot was performed to detect the expression of its corresponding 1igands CCL17 and CCL22 proteins. Re-sults CCR4 gene si1ence did not inf1uence ce11 cyc1e and pro1iferation of ga11b1adder ce11 GBC-SD,but can significant1y inhibit GBC-SD ce11 invasion and movement abi1ity,CCR4 gene si1ence had no inf1uence on the expression of CCL17 and CCL22 gene in tumor ce11s. Conclusion Ga11b1adder carcinoma ce11s GBC-SD express chemokine receptor CCR4,chemokine receptor CCR4 can promote the invasion and metastasis of GBC-SD ce11s.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the influence of electrotome on permanent and temporary cardiac pacemaker in laparoscopic cholecystectomy ( LC),and the application of cardiac pacemaker to the cases of cholecystolithiasis combined with bradyarrhythmia.MethodsClinical data of 215 patients with permanent or temporary cardiac pacemaker who underwent were studied for the preoperative and postoperative variation of pacemaker function,and for the influence of electricity coagulation during the operation on cardiac pacemaker function.ResultsLC was successfully completed in all 215 patients.The function of cardiac pacemaker was not obviously interfered during the operation,and the parameters of cardiac pacemaker did not remarkably change after the operation.ConclusionCardiac pacemaker is slightly interfered when electrotome and electrocoagulation were used in LC; LC is feasible and safe for patients with bradyarrhythmia by placement of cardiac pacemaker.

Sall4, a member of sall4 gene family, plays important roles in embryo development; organogenesis as well as pluripotency maintenance and re-establishment. There are two isoforms of Sall4, Sall4A and Sall4B. The sequence of porcine sall4 gene is still not reported. Because of its distinct role in maintaining the pluripotent state of stem cells, we cloned and sequenced porcine sall4 gene and assessed its expression in pig tissues and embryos. One 2 372 bp nucleotide sequence representing the full-length cDNA of pig sall4 was obtained by 5'and 3'RACE. Analyses of putative protein sequence showed a 70% to 80% identity with isoform Sall4B of human and mouse. Comparing with Sall4A, the identity reduced to 30% to 55% because of the loss of a zinc-finger domain-rich fragment. Assessment of sall4b expression in porcine tissues by Real-time PCR showed that it expressed most strongly in ovary and stronger in spleen, lung, heart and testis. For preimplantation embryos, the expression level was lower in 4-cell embryos compared with other stages. Immuno-fluorescence analysis of Sall4 on porcine preimplantation embryos indicated that it expressed in all the preimplantation embryos and located in nucleus, in blastocyst it preferentially limited in ICM cells. Expression pattern in early embryos suggest that pig sall4b is associated with pluripotency and might be a new and useful reprogramming factor for establishing pig induced pluripotent stem cell lines.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; Embryonic Development ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Humans ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Ovary ; metabolism ; Swine ; embryology ; genetics ; metabolism ; Transcription Factors ; genetics ; Transcription, Genetic ; physiology

Objective To introduce a practical high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS)method for the detection of seven growth hormone-releasing peptides (GHRPs)including GHRP-1,GHRP-2,GHRP-4,GHRP-5,GHRP-6,Hexarelin and Alexamorelin and two growth hormone secretagogues(GHS)including anamorelin and ipamorelin,and study the stability of these nine substances in the human urine.Method The urine samples were purified and extracted by a solid phase extraction procedure using Oasis(R) WCX column.The urine was first centrifuged and taken out 1 mL into a small column,cleaned by 5％ NH4OH and 20％ CH3CN respectively,eluated using the mixture of water and acetomitrile(1/3)with 2％ formic acid,blow-dried in the nitrogen at 35℃ and finally redissolved to be injected into the LC-MS/MS.Result The limits of detection were between 0.01～0.5 ng/mL accordingly.The spiked recoveries at the low concentration(1 ng/mL),medium concentration(2 ng/mL)and high concentration(10 ng/mL)ranged between 40％ and 76％.The intra-and interday precisions of the target substances at these three concentrations were all less than 15％.The indoor temperature,refrigeration condition and multigelation were observed to have significant impact on the anamorelin,GHRP-2,GHRP-4 and GHRP-5.Conclusion The method established in this study is simple,and its specificity and sensitivity meets the international standard and technical documents for laboratories set up by the Wworld Anti-Doping Agency.It has been applied in our routine work.Multigelation should be avoided in the transport,detection and long-term laboratory storage of urine samples.

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of changes in muscle quality and strength in middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods:A total of 670 patients(320 males and 350 females)aged 50 years and over from the endocrinology departments of 9 hospitals in Beijing were recruited as the type 2 diabetes mellitus group(T2DM group)by using systematic random sampling, and 214(54 males and 75 females)age-matched Beijing Hospital retirees without T2DM were randomly enrolled as the control group.Body composition was measured by using bioimpedance analysis.Low muscle mass was defined as appendicular skeletal muscle mass index(ASMI)below 7.18 kg/m 2 in men and 5.73 kg/m 2 in women.Low muscle strength was defined as grip strength below 29.5 kg in men and 21.2 kg in women.Sarcopenia was defined by the presence of low muscle mass with low grip strength.Muscle quality was calculated by grip strength divided by muscle mass of the dominant upper limb, and muscle strength per mass unit was compared.Multivariate Logistic regression was used for correlation analysis. Results:The fasting blood glucose(FPG)level, the waist to hip ratio, the percentages of smokers and drinkers, and the proportions of subjects with concurrent hypertension and coronary heart disease were higher in the T2DM group than in the control group( P<0.05 or 0.01). Compared with the control group, grip strength and muscle quality decreased significantly in male T2DM patients( t=4.408 and 3.972, P<0.01). In male participants, BMI( t=-5.567, 95% CI: -0.375~-0.179, P<0.01)and glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c)( t=-2.322, 95% CI: -0.420~-0.035, P<0.05)were negatively correlated with muscle quality, while old age( OR=1.062, 95% CI: 1.023~1.103, P<0.01; OR=1.074, 95% CI: 1.027~1.122, P<0.01)and increased HbA1c level( OR=1.062, 95% CI: 1.023~1.103, P<0.01; OR=1.074, 95% CI: 1.027~1.122, P<0.01)were risk factors for low muscle strength and sarcopenia. Conclusions:Compared with non-diabetes patients, muscle quality and strength decrease significantly in middle-aged and elderly male T2DM patients.Besides aging, increased levels of HbA1c and BMI are risk factors for low muscle quality and strength.