OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic effects and cost-effectiveness of 3 therapeutic regimens in the treatment of gonarthritis. METHODS: The cost-effectiveness analyses were conducted among 3 therapeutic regimens: regimen A(sodium hyaluronate), regimen B(sodium hyaluronate plus compound betamethasone) and regimen C(sodium hyaluron_ate plus triamcinolone acetonide acetate). RESULTS: The total costs for Group A, B and C were 956.5 yuan, 1 206 yuan and 998.5 yuan, respectively. The effective rates were 79.2%, 91.3% and 96.4%, respectively. The cost-effectiveness ratios were 12.08, 13.21 and 10.36 respectively. As compared with regimen A, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratios for regimen B and C were 20.62 and 2.44 respectively. CONCLUSION: Regimen C is more preferable among the three therapeutic regimens.

Objective To investigate the metabolism of lipid,calcium and phosphorus in women with endometriosis.Methods Clinical data of 223 patients with endometriosis and 200 patients without endometriosis were retrospectively analyzed.Electrochemiluminoimmunoassay was used to detect the levels of serum luteinizing hormone(LH),follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH),testosterone(T),estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P),and photoelectric colorimetry was used to determine the concentrations of serum triglyceride ( TG), total cholesterol ( TC ), low density lipoprotein ( LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), calcium and phosphorus in the patients with and without endometriosis. Results The levels of serum P were 2. 0 nmol/L and 1.8 nmol/L in endometriosis patients with age≤35 years old (case group A)and ＞35 years old (case group B), and 1.6 nmol/L and 1.2 nmol/L in patients without endometriosis at age≤35 years old (control group A) and ＞ 35 years old (control group B), respectively. A significant difference was found between case group A and control group A, and between case group B and control group B. The levels of serum LH was significantly higher in case group B (7. 2 U/L) than that in control group B (6. 1 U/L), however, there was no significant difference between case group A (7. 0 U/L) and control group A (6. 5 U/L). Also no significant difference in serum FSH, T and E2 levels was found between case group A (respectively, 6.2 U/L,1.1 nmol/L and 269 pmol/L) and control group A (respectively, 6.3 U/L, 1.1nmol/L and 264 pmol/L), also between case group B (respectively, 6.6 U/L, 1.0 nmol/L and 345pmol/L) and control group B (6. 6 IU/L, 0. 9 nmol/L and 279 pmol/L). The concentrations of serum TG in case group A and B (0. 71 mmol/L and 0. 72 mmol/L) were significantly lower than in control group A and B (0. 92 mmol/L and 1.08 mmol/L), respectively. The concentrations of serum LDL in case group A and B [ (2. 2 ± 0. 5) mmol/L and (2.4 ± 0. 6) mmol/L]were also significantly lower than in control group A and B[ (2. 4 ± 0. 7) mmol/L and (2. 62 ±0. 63) mmol/L], respectively. However, the concentrations of serum HDL in case group A and B [ (1.62 ± 0. 31) mmol/L and(1.53 ± 0. 32) mmol/L] were significantly higher than in control group A and B [ ( 1.48 ± 0. 21 ) mmol/L and ( 1.37 ± 0.22) mmol/L], respectively.In addition, the concentrations of serum TC were not significantly different between case group A and control group A [ (4. 2 ± 0. 7) mmol/L and (4. 29 ± 0. 71 ) mmol/L], and between case group B and control group B [ (4. 4±0. 8) mmol/L and (4. 5±0. 7) mmol/L]. The levels of serum phosphorus in case group A and B [ (1.01 ± 0. 22) mmol/L and (0. 89 ± 0. 18 ) mmol/L] were significantly lower than in control group A and B [ ( 1.23 ± 0. 24) mmol/L and ( 1.10 ±0. 13 ) mmol/L ] , respectively. But the levels of serum calcium had no significant difference between case group A and control group A [ (2. 39 ± 0. 23 ) mmol/and (2.41 ± 0. 12) mmol/L], and between case group B and control group B [(2.40 ± 0.28) mmol/L and (2. 42 ±0. 20) mmol/L]. Conclusion The abnormal metabolism of lipid and phosphorus, and the higher levels of serum P may playing a role in the pathogenesis of endometriosis.

ObjectiveTo test the antifungal activity of berberine (BBR) against Candida albicans in vitro. MethodsAccording to the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) M27-A protocol, broth microdilution test was performed to assess the susceptibility of 30 clinical isolates of Candida albicans to BBR and fluconazole alone or in combination. ResultsThe geometric mean minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 248.18 mg/L and 2.64 mg/L for BBR and fluconazole alone, respectively. When combined with BBR of 320, 160 and 80 mg/L, the geometric mean MIC decreased to 0.03, 0.35 and 1.35 mg/L respectively for fluconazole. Fluconazole and BBR showed synergistic effects in 26.7％ of these isolates including 3 fluconazoleresistant strains, additive effects in 56.7％, indifferent effects in 16.7％, antagonistic effects in none. Conclu sionIn vitro, BBR has antifungal activity against Candida albicans and can enhance the activity of fluconazole against Candida albicans.

Objective:To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of immunotherapy with dendritic cells-based vaccine against intracranial gliomas in rats.Methods:C6 glioma cells were injected into the brain of Wistar rat under stereotactic monitor to establish an animal model of glioma.The precursors of dendritic cells were isolated from bone marrow of rats,stimulated in vitro with recombinant rat granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor(rrGM-CSF)and interleukin-4(rrIL-4).Cultured cell populations were confirmed to be functional DCs.These DCs were then pulsed ex vivo with C6 tumor-lysates prepared by three cycles of freezing to -80℃ and thawing to 0℃ and subsequently injected subcutaneously into rats harboring intracranial C6 tumor.Rats from different group were treated with five weekly subcutaneous injections of either control media,unpulsed DCs,or DCs pulsed with tumor-lysates.The animals were followed for survival,the percentage of CD8 +T cells in peripheral blood and cytotoxicity assay in vitro were determined by FACS.The level of cytokine IFN-? and IL-10 were detected by ELISA.Results:The results indicated that C6 glioma model rats treated with tumor-lysate-pulsed DCs led to prolonged survival time,increased the percentage of CD8 + T lymphocyte in peripheral blood in comparing with control group.Cytotoxicity assays suggest that vaccination with these tumor-lysate-pulsed DCs can induce specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes against C6 tumor cells compared with control group.Furthermore,significantly enhanced IFN-? and reduced IL-10 (even undetectable)were observed in rats treated with pulsed-DCs.Conclusion:Data supported the therapeutic efficacy of systemic vaccination with DCs pulsed with tumor-lysates against intracranial glioma.

AIM: The goal of this study was to compare different methods for tumor antigen preparation, to observe the induction of tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in rats by dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with different tumor antigens. METHODS: The precursors of dendritic cells were isolated from bone marrow of rats, stimulated in vitro with recombinent rat granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rrGM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (rrIL-4). Then rat DCs were pulsed with C6 tumor cell antigens prepared with different methods: freeze-thaw, boiling or total protein extracted from ultrasonic crushed tumor cell. Subsequently primed DCs were cocultured with T lymphocytes isolated from spleen to induce CTL. Lymphocyte chemoattractant factor from DCs and cytokine IFN-? release were determined by ELISA, the cytotoxicity of CTL was assayed by JAM test. RESULTS: DCs pulsed with boiled tumor cell in vitro induced an enhanced ability of T-cell proliferation and cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity.CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrated that DCs primed with boiled tumor cell may represent a method for inducing immune responses against the entire repertoire of tumor antigens of malignancies.

Objective To investigate the association between distribution of protein gene product (PGP) 9.5-immunoactive nerve fibers in peritoneal endometriotic lesions and disease-associated pain symptoms.Methods Thirty two peritoneal endometriotic lesions from patients with endometriosis (16 cases with pain and 16 cases without pain) and matched with 20 peritoneal tissues from patients with uterine leiomyoma without endometriosis were stained immunohistochemically for PGPg.5-immunoactive nerve fibers.Results The positive rate and density of PGP9.5-immunoreactive nerve fibers in peritoneal endometriotic leision were 62% (10/16) and (3.8 ± 1.7)/mm~2 in endometriosis patients with pain, which were significantly higher than 19% (3/16) and (1.7 ± 0.5)/mm~2 in endometriosis patients without pain (P <0.05) and 25% (5/20) and (1.3±0.6) /mm~2 in peritoneal tissues in women without endometriosis (P <0.05).However, no differences were found between endometriosis patients without pain and women without endometriosis (P > 0.05) .Moreover, the density of PGP9.5-immunoreactive nerve fibers in peritoneal lesions in endometriosis patients with pain was positively correlated with the severity of pain (r = 0.855, P < 0.05).In addition, the density of PGP9.5-immunoreactive nerve fibers in peritoneal lesions was statistically higher in endometriosis patients with chronic pelvic pain and(or) dysmenorrhea than those in endometriosis patients with other type of pain(P < 0.05), which was not associated with active lesion, site and staging (P > 0.05).Conclusion It suggested that PGP9.5-immunoreactive nerve fibers might confer the mechanism of pelvic pain with endometriosis.

Objective To investigate nerve fibers distribution in endometrium of adenomyosis and their relationship with dysmenorrhea. Methods Endometrial tissue was sampled from 74 hysterectomy specimens including 32 cases with adenomyosis and 42 cases with uterine fibroids. Two-step Envision immunohistochemical staining was used to detect distribution of nerve fibers in endometrium. Highly specific polyclonal rabbit anti-protein gene product 9.5 (PGP9.5) and monoclonal mouse anti-neurofilament protein (NF) were used to demonstrate both myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibers in endometrium in women with adenomyosis and uterine fibroids. Results The positive rate of PGP9.5 immunoreactive nerve fibers in the functional layer of endometrium of pain patients were with 64%(14/22) in adenomyosis and 67% (10/15) in uterine fibroids. And their density were 0.6(0-9.4)/mm2 and 0.6(0-6.0)/mm2 without reaching statistical difference (P> 0.05). No expression of NF could be detected in the functional layer of endometrium of adenomyosis and uterine fibroids. There were no PGP9.5 immunoreactive nerve fibers in the functional layer of endometrium in non-pain women with adenomyosis and uterine fibroids. Moreover, No NF immunoreactive nerve fibers in the functional layer of endometrium were shown in non-pain patients with adenomyosis and uterine fibroids. PGP9.5 immunoreactive nerve fibers and the nerve density in the basal layer of endometrium were 64%(14/22), 1.1(0-12.0)/mm2 in pain adenomyosis and 50%(5/10), 0.6(0-3.0)/mm2 in non-pain adenomyosis. NF immunoreactive nerve fibers and the density in the basal layer of endometrium were 23%(5/22),(0-0.6)/mm2 in pain adenomyosis and 20% (2/10),(0-1.0)/mm2 in non-pain adenomyosis. PGP9.5 immunoreactive nerve non-pain fibroids. NF immunoreactive nerve fibers and the nerve density in the basal layer of endometrium were 40%(6/15),0(0-0.4)/mm2 in pain fibroids and 15%(4/27),0(0-1.0)/mm2 in non-pain fibroids. There was no statistical different PGP9.5 and NF immunoreactive nerve fibers distribution in basal layer of endometrium between pain adenomyosis and pain fibroids or between non-pain adenomyosis and non-pain fibroids (all P>0.05). However, PGP9.5 immunoreactive nerve fibers density in basal layer of endometrium was higher in pain adenomyosis and fibroids when compared with non-pain adenomyosis and fibroids(P<0.05). Conclusions PGP9.5 immunoreactive nerve fibers might confer the occurrence of pelvic pain, however, NF immunoreactive nerve fibers may not involved in the pathogenesis of pain.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of labetalol combined with nifedipine in the treatment of patients with essential hypertension and its influence on inflammatory factors and coagulation function.Methods:From December 2017 to December 2018, 142 patients with essential hypertension admitted to Rongjun Hospital of Zhejiang Province were divided into control group (71 cases) and observation group (71 cases) according to random number table method.The patients in the control group were treated with nifedipine, while patients in the observation group were treated with labetalol on the basis of the control group.Both two groups were treated for 3 months.The therapeutic effect, changes of blood pressure, inflammatory factors, coagulation function and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.Results:The total effective rate of the observation group (90.14%) was higher than that of the control group (73.24%) (χ 2=6.780, P<0.05). After treatment, the diastolic blood pressure(DBP) and systolic blood pressure(SBP) in the two groups were lower than those before treatment (observation group: t=24.544, 19.890, control group: t=14.473, 19.273, all P<0.05). After treatment, the DBP and SBP in the observation group were lower than those in the control group ( t=8.756, 6.892, all P<0.05). After treatment, the serum levels of IL-6, C-reactive protein (CRP) and TNF-α in the two groups were lower than those before treatment (observation group: t=15.125, 20.859, 22.729, control group: t=7.784, 10.865, 10.418, all P<0.05). After treatment, the serum levels of IL-6, CRP and TNF-α in the observation group were lower than those in the control group ( t=15.145, 7.662, 13.692, all P<0.05). After treatment, the plasma D-dimer and Fib levels in the two groups were lower than before treatment (observation group: t=14.655, 18.707, control group: t=8.728, 7.269, all P<0.05). After treatment, the plasma D-dimer and Fib levels in the observation group were lower than those in the control group ( t=9.384, 10.831, all P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in adverse reactions between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Labetalol combined with nifedipine has good clinical efficacy in treating essential hypertension, alleviating inflammation and improving coagulation function, which is worthy of clinical reference.

In this paper is proposed a new method for functional connectivity detection using regression analysis. First, the resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from each voxel is passed through a bandpass filter to obtain frequencies between 0.01 Hz and 0.1 Hz. Then, the region of interest (ROI) is defined and the mean time course of all voxels in ROI is used as a regressor. Finally, the linear relationship between the time course of other voxels and the regressor in the resting brain is estimated. By the application of this new method in simulation data and fMRI data, the relevant validity and reliability are demonstrated.
Brain ; physiology ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Regression Analysis ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted

Objective To investigate Furin,tumor growth factor-β(TGF-β),vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),neuron towards axon guidance factor-1(netrin-1)level expressions and polymorphism of Furin gene P1 promoter r2071410 locus C/T in endometriosis(EMT)patients with different r-AFS stages,and explore the correlation with the incidence of EMT in Shenzhen.Methods A total of 102 patients diagnosed with EMT from May 2021 to January 2023 in the People's Hospital of Longhua,Shenzhen were selected as EMT group,and the EMT group was divided into stage Ⅰ to Ⅱ group and stageⅢ to Ⅳ group according to r-AFS staging method.At the same time,78 non-EMT patients were collected as control group.The levels of serum Furin,TGF-β,VEGF and netrin-1 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and the polymorphism of the r2071410 C/T locus in the P1 promoter region of Furin gene was analyzed by reverse transcription-real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR).Results The levels of Furin(140.84±47.02pg/ml),TGF-β(376.46±82.36ng/L)and VEGF(167.67±53.02ng/L)in EMT group were higher than those in control group(55.49±13.67pg/ml,216.37±15.04ng/L,102.27±8.45ng/L),while the level of netrin-1(48.37±15.20pg/ml)was lower than that of the control group(165.85±15.63pg/ml),with significant differences(t=28.409,20.347,16.915,36.653,all P＜0.05).The levels of Furin(192.41±20.62pg/ml),TGF-β(452.61±72.03ng/L)and VEGF(201.84±28.01ng/L)in patients with stage Ⅲ to Ⅳ were higher than those in patients with stage Ⅰ to Ⅱ(78.05±16.54pg/ml,283.75±56.92ng/L,126.07±19.35ng/L),while the level of netrin-1(37.95±11.34pg/ml)was lower than that of stage Ⅰ to Ⅱ(61.05±9.52pg/ml),with significant differences(t=31.071,18.054,19.183,21.625,all P＜0.05).Pearson/Spearman correlation analysis showed that Furin was positively correlated with levels of TGF-β and VEGF and clinical stage(r=0.614 9,0.752 6,0.790 5,均 P＜0.05),but negatively correlated with netrin-1 level(r=-0.670 1,all P＜0.05).The TT genotype and T allele frequencies at r2071410 C/T locus of Furin gene P1 promoter in EMT group(42.16％,55.39％)were higher than those in control group(7.69％,19.87％),while the TT genotype and T allele frequencies at stages Ⅲ to Ⅳ(51.79％,65.18％)were higher than those at stage Ⅰ to Ⅱ(30.43％,43.48％),and the differences were statistically significant(x2=26.500,46.472,4.721,9.626,all P＜0.05).The Furin level of patients with different genotypes in EMT group was different(F=51.286,P＜0.001),in which the Furin level of TT genotype(216.29±68.53pg/ml)was higher than that of CC(83.04±21.37pg/ml)and CT genotype,(89.18±20.95pg/ml),and the differences were statistically significant(t=27.146,25.719,all P＜0.01),but there was no significant difference between CC and CT genotypes(t=1.326,P＞0.05).Conclusion The level of Furin in EMT patients was increased,and it was certainly correlated with the levels of TGF-β,VEGF,netrin-1 and clinical stage.Meanwhile,the r2071410 C/T locus in the promoter region of Furin gene P1 showed a polymorphic distribution,in which the Furin level increased more significantly in patients with TT genotype,which may be related to the incidence of EMT in Shenzhen area.