Objective To investigate prolactin(PRL)levels in patient with hyperprolactinemia in different period of time. Methods Used electrochemical luminescence method,Roche E170 automatic immune analyzer determination of detect 124 cases female patients of hyperprolactinemia (PRL>880 uIU/ml)at 7:30AM,10:00AM and 4:00PM respectivelye of plas-ma PRL level,and in accordance with the polyethylene glycol (PEG)6000 precipitate PRL after A PRL recovery rate of into macroprolactin (MPRL)group (A PRL recovery rate of≤40%),single PRL group (A PRL recovery rate of> 60%),sus-picious PRL group (40%

Objective To study the diagnosis and treatment of pneumonia infected by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (Sm) after open heart surgery.Methods The infections of Sm were proved by sputum culture.The data of risk factors?clinical feature and drug susceptibility were collected.Results Pneumonia of Sm occurred in 8 patients.They were often in poor conditions,in need of continuous mechanical ventilation and other inventions, and in use of extend-spectrum antibiotics.The infections of Sm hadn't special clinical manifestations. The isolates of Sm resistant to many antibiotics were usually found with other microorganisms.Conclusion It is important to pay more attention to pneumonia of Sm and to complete microbiological examinations in time,because patients after cardiosurgery are in great risk of the infection.

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and to evaluate prognosis of critically ill patients who developed acute renal failure(ARF).Methods A retrospective study was carried out in critically ill patients who developed ARF.APACHE Ⅱ,SAPSⅡ,SOFA and ATN-ISI were used to evaluate outcome of ARF.Results The incidence of ARF in critically ill patients was 19.1% with a high mortality(51.2%).The clinical characteristics of 41 patients with ARF were:mechanical ventilation 65.9%,vasopressor support 46.3%,oliguria 41.5%,number of insufficient organs 2.16,APACHEⅡscore 17.3,SAPSⅡ score 52.0,SOFA score 9.26 and ATN-ISI 0.54.By COX regression,number of insufficient organs(RR 2.54;95%CI 1.316 ~ 4.913)(P=0.006)and requirement of mechanical ventilation(RR 6.0;95%CI 1.102~32.6)(P=0.038)were independent risk factors for ICU mortality of ARF.APACHEⅡscore,SAPSⅡscore,SOFA score and ATN-ISI were demonstrated to predict mortality of ARF patients accurately as indicated by areas under the receiver operating characteristics(ROC)curves of 0.848(95% CI: 0.722~0.974;P

Objective To investigate the influence of recombinant human parathyroid hormone [rhPTH (1-34)]on the proliferation of HaCaT cells induced by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in vitro.Methods Cultured HaCaT cells were treated with various concentrations of rhPTH (1-34) for different durations after incubation with recombinant human TNF-α of 10 g/L for 24 hours.MTT assay and flow cytometry were performed to detect the proliferation and cell cycle of HaCaT cells,respectively.Results As contrast phase microscopy showed,the growth of HaCaT cells was inhibited by rhPTH (1-34) along with a decrease in the growth speed.MTT assay showed a suppressed proliferation of HaCaT cells after being treated with rhPTH (1-34) of 0.05,0.2,0.8,3.2 and 12.8 pmol/L for 36 and 48 hours (P＜ 0.01 or 0.05).The percentage of cells at G1 phase in HaCaT cells markedly increased (all P ＜ 0.01 ),while that at S phase declined (all P ＜ 0.01 )after 48-hour treatment with rhPTH(1-34) of 0.2,0.8,3.2 and 12.8 μ mol/L.Conclusions rhPTH(1-34) has an obvious inhibitive effect on the proliferation of HaCaT cells induced by TNF-α in vitro,and the effect is in a dose-dependent manner.

The traditional clinical trail designs always depend on expert opinions and lack statistical evaluations. In this article, we present a method and illustrate how population parameter uncertainty may be incorporated in the overall simulation model. Using the techniques of clinical trail simulation (CTS) and setting up predictions on the basis of pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics (PK-PD) models, we advance the modeling methods for simulation, for treatment effects, and for the clinical trail power under the given PK-PD conditions. Then we discuss the model of uncertainty, suggest an ANOVA-based method, add eta2 statistics for sensitivity analysis, and canvass the effect of uncertainty about population parameters on clinical trail power. The results from simulations and the indices derived from this type of sensitivity analysis may be used for grading the influence on the prediction quality of uncertainty about different population parameters. The experiment results are satisfactory and the approach presented has practical value in clinical trails.
Algorithms ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; methods ; Computer Simulation ; Data Interpretation, Statistical ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; Monte Carlo Method ; Pharmacokinetics ; Pharmacology ; Uncertainty

BACKGROUND:Conventional rehabilitation evaluation call not provide more objective data for analysis,so all innovative method to monitor rehabilitation of the cervical spine is introduced.OBJECTIVE:The monitoring rehabilitation system of the cervical spine develops independently under Visual Basic 6.0 environment.It can gather both video and photos at dynamic and static states.According to the suitable feature points of the video,the system could calculate characteristic parameters,such as moving angles,distances,speed,acceleration,and integral curves.Thus,the system could create patients'database.RESULTS:The system could calculate different kinds of patients'characteristic parameters through data recording.Through the objective comparison of characteristic parameters,the turning flexibility of head and controlling capability for head turning could be reflected.CONCLUSl0N:The design is an innovation in the monitoring rehabilitation systems of the cervical spine.It makes up the shortcomings of conventional rehabilitation evaluation and objectively reflects the rehabilitation status of patients.

Objective To investigate the expressions and significance of IL-22 and related cytokines (IL-23pl9 and IL-6) in sera and PBMCs of patients with psoriasis. Methods Sera and PBMCs were obtained from the venous blood samples from 58 patients with psoriasis vulgaris and 20 normal human controls. The PBMCs were subjected to culture for 5 hours followed by the collection of cells and culture supernatant. Then,quantitative real-time RT-PCR was used to examine the mRNA expressions of IL-22, IL-23pl9 and IL-6 in PBMCs, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELJSA) to detect the level of IL-22 protein in the sera and culture supernatant of PBMCs. Results In the patients with psoriasis and controls, the relative expression level in PBMCs was 4.48 ± 2.64 and 2.35 ± 0.91 respectively for IL-22 mRNA, 6.07 ± 4.09 and 2.61 ± 1.46 respectively for IL-23pl9 mRNA, 3.87 ± 1.49 and 1.48 ± 0.62 respectively for IL-6 mRNA; significant differences were observed between the two groups in all the above parameters (all P < 0.01). ELISA revealed that the level of IL-22 protein in the patients and controls was (86.23 ± 25.58) ng/L and (43.67 ± 14.82) ng/L respectively in the sera (P< 0.01), (119.11 ± 21.51) ng/L and (57.70 ± 13.17) ng/L respectively in the culture supernatant of PBMCs (P< 0.01). Conclusion There is an overexpression of IL-22 in the PBMCs and sera of patients with psoriasis, implying that IL-22 is involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.

OBJECTIVETo introduce a simple, fast and universal measuring method used in measurement of the surface area of scalp flap over the cranial defect after decompressive craniectomy.

METHODSThe first step: CT images of the patient with craniocerebral trauma after decompressive craniectomy were obtained and imported into Mimics. The second step: based on the defined threshold, the 3D geometric models of brain and skull were reconstructed after the original Dicom format pictures three-dimensional processed by Mimics. The third step: based on the two builded 3D models, utilizing the segmentation and measurement tools of Mimics to conduct cutting, splitting and measuring operations for the 3D model of brain. The forth step: estimating the surface area of scalp flap over the removed bone flap by using mathematical computation methods.

RESULTSThe application of the introduced method estimated the surface area of scalp flap over the cranial defect of different people with different position of craniocerebral trauma.

CONCLUSIONSThis paper introduces a simple, fast and universal new measuring method. We can conveniently estimate the surface area of scalp flap by using the introduced method.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of 1,25(OH)zD3 on podocyte apoptosis in kidney of puremyein aminonueleoside nephropathy (PAN) rats. Methods Seventy-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: PAN model group(PAN), 1,25 (OH)2D3 treated group (T, 0.2 μg·kg-1d-1 by garages) and normal control group (NC). PAN rat model was constructed by a single intravenous injection of 100 mg/kg body weight. Renal function and 24hour urinary protein were measured at day 3, 7, 14, 21 after PAN injection. The renal tissue morphology was observed by light and electron microscope. Podocyte apeptosis was evaluated by TUNEL. Protein expressions of nephrin, TGF-β1 and p-Smad2/3 were examined by immunofluoreacence, immunohistochemistry and Western blot, respectively. Results(1)The levels of serum creafinine, BUN and 24-h urinary protein [(20.26±4.87) mg vs (1.01±0.41) mg at day 7, P ＜0.01] were significantly higher and the number of glomerular pedocyte was significantly lower [(10.9±4.2)/glomerular volume vs (31.9±6.2)/glomerular volume at day 14, P＜0.01] in PAN group compared with NC group. T group rats had less urinary protein excretion [(9.95±3.82) mg/24 h, P＜0.01] and more glomerular podocytes compared with PAN group. (2) Distribution of nephrin expression was changed from linear to granular pattern in PAN rats on day 7, nephrin mRNA and protein expressions were markedly decreased(P＜0.01), while the number of apoptotic podocyte was increased in PAN group(P＜0.01). However, higher nephrin expression and less apoptotic podocytes were found in T group (P＜0.01). (3) Compared with NC group, the mRNA and protein expression of TGF-β1 and p-Smad2/3 were higher in PAN group (P＜0.01), while 1,25 (OH)2D3 treatment abrogated PAN-induced changes in the expression of TGF-β1 and p-Smad2/3 (P＜0.01). Conclusions 1,25 (OH)2D3 can significantly suppress PAN-induced podocyte apoptosis and ameliorate proteinnuria. The beneficial effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 on podocyte may contribute to direct suppression of TGF-β signaling.

Objective To investigate the incidence of surgical site infection (SSI)in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery,analyze the risk factors,and provide basis for the prevention and control of SSI.Methods All hospitalized orthopedic patients undergoing surgery in a hospital from January 2010 to December 2014 were retrospectively sur-veyed,questionnaires were designed,patients’medical records were reviewed,incidence of SSI was analyzed,risk factors for SSI were analyzed with univariate and logistic regression methods.Results A total of 14 300 orthopedic patients undergoing surgery were investigated,576 (4.03%)patients had SSI,predominantly were superficial inci-sion infection (n=429,74.48%),615 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from 576 patients,mainly were Staphylococcus aureus (n=137,22.28%),Escherichia coli (n=84,13.66%),and Enterobacter cloacae (n=73, 11 .87%).The incidence of SSI decreased year by year in patients undergoing orthopedics surgery(χ2 =24.706,P <0.001);the incidence of SSI in patients with amputation was the highest (22.67%),followed by patients with de-bridement (7.16%);multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that long duration of operation,long length of hospital stay,underlying diseases,use of implants,contaminated incision,more intraoperative blood loss,irra-tional perioperative use of antimicrobial agents,and without using negative pressure drainage were independent risk factors for SSI in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery.Conclusion The incidence of SSI is high in orthopedic pa-tients undergoing surgery,effective preventive measures should be actively taken according to the related risk factors of SSI,so as to reduce the occurrence of SSI.