To establish the quality standards, the authors identified Semen Arecae and Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae in Xiaoerxiaoshi Tablets with TLC and determined the content of ursolic acid and organic acids with TLC-colorimetry and neutralization method.

Extracts of Radix Pueraria and Herba Cirsii, obtained by the same isolating procedure,were examined with IR spectra. Results showed that the IR spectra of Radix Pueraria lobota and Herba Cirsii,collected at different times had distiuct characteristics,consistency aud repcatability.The spectra of Radix Pueraria thomsonii also showed characteristic evidence.Accordingly, Radix pueraria and Herba Cirsii may be well distinguished by means of IR spectra.

Objective To explore the assessment of precision, accuracy, and quality control(QC) procedures needed to satisfy the external quality assessment criteria with "operational process specifications" (OPSpecs) derived from an analytical quality-planning model. Methods The routine operating specifications were presented in the form of an OPSpecs chart, which described the operational limits for imprecision and inaccuracy when a desired level of quality assurance was provided by a specific QC procedure. Results OPSpecs charts could be used to compare the operational limits for different QC procedures and to select a QC procedure that was appropriate for the precision and accuracy of a specific measurement procedure. The inaccuracy and imprecision observed for a measurement procedure was plotted on the OPSpecs chart to define the current operating point, which was then compared with the operational limits of candidate QC procedures. Conclusion The general design approach is applicable in all instrument systems.

Objective:To analyze the factors related to metastasis of contralateral central lymph node (CLN) in cN0 papillary thyroid car-cinoma (PTC) and discuss the indications for CLN dissection. Methods:We enrolled 149 unilateral PTC patients who underwent total thyroidectomy and prophylactic bilateral (CLN) dissection. This work analyzed the relationship of gender, age, extrathyroidal extension, multifocality, thyroiditis, ipsilateral central lymph nodes, and prelaryngeal lymph node with CLNs. Results:The rates of metastasis to ip-silateral and contralateral central compartments were 73.2%and 23.5%, respectively. In univariate analysis, gender, age, tumor size, multifocality, and thyroiditis were not important in predicting contralateral central compartment lymph node metastasis (P=0.792, 0.097, 0.531, 0.269, and 1.000, respectively);by contrast, extrathyroidal extension (P=0.017), prelaryngeal lymph nodes (P=0.006), and ipsilateral CLNs (P<0.001) are related to CLN metastasis. However, multivariate analysis showed that ipsilateral central metastasis was an independent risk factor for lymph node metastasis in the contralateral central region when the number of ipsilateral central metas-tases is≥3 (P=0.010). Conclusion:Extracapsular invasion, prelaryngeal lymph nodes, and ipsilateral CLN influence the metastases of CLN. Bilateral CLN dissection should be performed when the number of ipsilateral central metastases is≥3 and there is merger of ex-tra-laryngeal lymph nodes or capsule invasion.

In order to study the effect of magnetic action on the rabbit tests, we fed the rabbit with magnetized water and embedded the small magnetic disc at "guanyuan point". Five months later, the total sperm number as well as the sperm number per 100 mg in epididymal tail of the experimental group significantly increased than those of the control group. The observation by light microscope and scanning electron microscope showed more increased spermatogone, spermatoblast and sperm in the experimental group than in the control. This study indicates that drinking magnetized water and embedding magnet disc at "guanyuan point" have a spermatogenic effect

Objective To observe the efficacy of posterior atlantoaxial fusion for C1/C2 fractures combined with ponticulus posticus.Methods A retrospective case series review was performed on data of 12 cases of C1/C2 fractures combined with ponticulus posticus treated from January 2008 to January 2014.There were 7 males and 5 females,aged 35.5 (23.5-49.25) years.Three cases were diagnosed with C1 lateral mass fractures combined with other injury,seven type Ⅱ odontoid fractures,and two type Ⅲ odontoid fractures.Nine cases whose C1 pedicle height ≥4 mm in both sides underwent posterior C1-C2 screw-rod fixation and fusion,and three cases whose C1 pedicle height was ＜ 4 mm underwent posterior C1-C2 hook-screw fixation and fusion.Operation time,blood loss and complications were recorded.Variations in American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) grade and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) were compared before operation and at final follow-up.Position of internal implant,fracture healing and fusion were observed.Results Surgery was successful in all cases.Operation time was 145 (120-160) min,and blood loss was 200 (200-300)ml.No intraoperative injury to the vertebral artery injury,venous plexus,spine and nerve root occurred,and no cases showed ponticulus posticus after operation.Follow-up period was 24 (12-33) months.Postoperative imaging demonstrated satisfactory implant placement in all eases.Before operation,one case was rated as ASIA grade A,two as grade D and nine as grade E.One case was rated as ASIA grade A and 11 as grade E at the final follow-up.VAS was improved from preoperative 7 (6-8) points to 0(0-1) points at the final follow-up (P ＜ 0.05).Fracture healing and fusion were observed in all cases at the final follow-up.Conclusion Posterior atlantoaxial fusion for C1/C2 fractures combined with ponticulus posticus is a safe and effective procedure that can promote fracture union without increasing the risk of vertebral artery injury.

Objective To establish a prognostic model for predicting extracorporeal circulation clotting in patients with continuous renal replacement therapy(CRRT). Methods 425 patients with CRRT were involved in the study. We built a predictive risk model of extracorporeal blood clotting with the 302 participants, and 103 participants were used to validate the model. The primary endpoint of CRRT was extracorporeal circulation pipe blockage. Results We used a score of 0-5 point evaluating system to predict the risk of 24 hours CRRT integral model of cardiopulmonary bypass clogging. The area under the CRRT predictive model of cardiopulmonary bypass clogging integral system ROC curve was 0.790 (95%CI 0.719-0.826)(P<0.001). The evaluating system can determine the blockage of 24 hours CRRT extracorporeal circulation. The results showed that CRRT extracorporeal plugging prediction fitted the integral model and could predict the chance of plugging. The actual plugging rate showed no significant difference from the predicted rate (R2=0.301, P=0.232). The cardiopulmonary pipe survival time between the 3 groups(low risk, intermediate risk, and high risk) showed a significant difference (P<0.05). Conclusion We established a continuity extracorporeal blood purification plugging risk score model, to predict plugging risks during CRRT treatment.

Objective To establish a prognostic model for predicting extracorporeal circulation clotting in patients with continuous renal replacement therapy(CRRT). Methods 425 patients with CRRT were involved in the study. We built a predictive risk model of extracorporeal blood clotting with the 302 participants, and 103 participants were used to validate the model. The primary endpoint of CRRT was extracorporeal circulation pipe blockage. Results We used a score of 0-5 point evaluating system to predict the risk of 24 hours CRRT integral model of cardiopulmonary bypass clogging. The area under the CRRT predictive model of cardiopulmonary bypass clogging integral system ROC curve was 0.790 (95%CI 0.719-0.826)(P<0.001). The evaluating system can determine the blockage of 24 hours CRRT extracorporeal circulation. The results showed that CRRT extracorporeal plugging prediction fitted the integral model and could predict the chance of plugging. The actual plugging rate showed no significant difference from the predicted rate (R2=0.301, P=0.232). The cardiopulmonary pipe survival time between the 3 groups(low risk, intermediate risk, and high risk) showed a significant difference (P<0.05). Conclusion We established a continuity extracorporeal blood purification plugging risk score model, to predict plugging risks during CRRT treatment.

OBJECTIVETo establish a prognostic model for predicting extracorporeal circulation clotting in patients with continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT).

METHODS425 patients with CRRT were involved in the study. We built a predictive risk model of extracorporeal blood clotting with the 302 participants, and 103 participants were used to validate the model. The primary endpoint of CRRT was extracorporeal circulation pipe blockage.

RESULTSWe used a score of 0-5 point evaluating system to predict the risk of 24 hours CRRT integral model of cardiopulmonary bypass clogging. The area under the CRRT predictive model of cardiopulmonary bypass clogging integral system ROC curve was 0.790 (95% CI 0.719-0.826) (P<0.001). The evaluating system can determine the blockage of 24 hours CRRT extracorporeal circulation. The results showed that CRRT extracorporeal plugging prediction fitted the integral model and could predict the chance of plugging. The actual plugging rate showed no significant difference from the predicted rate (R² = 0.301, P=0.232). The cardiopulmonary pipe survival time between the 3 groups(low risk, intermediate risk, and high risk) showed a significant difference (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONWe established a continuity extracorporeal blood purification plugging risk score model, to predict plugging risks during CRRT treatment.

Objective To observe the changes of peripheral blood interleukin-2(IL-2) ,interleukin-4(IL-4) ,interleukin-10(IL-10) ,tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) in chronic hepatitis B(CHB) patients with positive e-anti-gen(HBeAg) treated by Bushenqingtou Decoction .Methods 60 cases of CHB with positive HBeAg were randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group ,30 cases in each group .The CHB treatment group received Bushenqingtou Decoction with the treatment course of 48 week ,while the CHB control group did not received the medication therapy .In the beginning and at 48 weeks of treatment ,the blood in the two CHB groups were collected for detecting HBV DNA ,IL-2 ,IL-4 ,IL-10 ,TNF-αand IFN-γ. Results Compared with before treatments ,the levels of IL-2 ,TNF-αand IFN-γafter treatments in the CHB treatment group were obviously increased ,while the levels of HBV DNA ,IL-4 and IL-10 were remarkably decreased (P<0 .01);however ,there were no statistical differences of the various indexes after the treatments in the CHB control group (P>0 .05) .Conclusion Bushenqingtou Decoction could inhibit the replication of HBV DNA in the CHB patients with positive HBeAg and improve the body immune func-tion .