Objective The retrospective analysis was carried out to evaluate the results of humeral intercondylar fracture treated with AO reconstruction plate internal fixation accompanied by anterior transposition of the ulnar nerve. Methods From March 1996 to September 2001, sixty-eight patients diagnosed as humeral intercondylar fractures were treated in our hospital, forty-three of which were followed up and evaluated. By AO/ASIF classification, there were type C1 in 14 cases, type C2 in 18 cases, and type C3 in 11 cases. There were 18 male and 15 female patients with an average of 41 years ranging from 18 to 65 years. The patients were open fracture in 7 cases and closed fracture in 36 cases, of which were associated with humeral shaft fracture in 4 cases, Colles fracture in 5 cases, Monteggia fracture in 3 cases, olecranon fracture in 5 cases, and ulnar nerve injury in 6 cases. They were treated with open reduction and AO reconstruction plate internal fixation combined with routine anterior transposition of the ulnar nerve followed by early CPM mobilization. Results The mean follow-up of the group was 17.7 months ranging 12 to 37 months with bone union in 12 to 18 weeks. The outcome was evaluated with Aitken-Rorabeck rating system, 33 of which were graded as excellent, 4 cases as good, 5 cases as fair, 1 case as poor, as a result, the elbow function was excellent to good in 86.1%. One case experienced three degrees cubital varus without an influence on function of the elbow. The wound infection occurred in three cases healed following dress change. A heterotopic ossification developed in two cases 4 weeks later after operation. The preoperative ulnar nerve palsy recovered in all 6 cases, and there was no delayed ulnar nerve palsy happened postoperatively. Two elbow joints were restricted during extension to flexion activity by 43 degrees and 62 degrees respectively. Conclusion Intercondylar fractures of the distal humerus should be treated surgically as early as possible. Anatomical reduction, rigid fixation and early CPM exercise are the key prognostic factors, which could improve the elbow function. Otherwise routine anterior transposition of the ulnar nerve may be helpful to reduce the incidence of delayed ulnar nerve palsy.

Objective To compare the biomechanical properties of non-locking compression plate (DCP) and locking compression plate (LCP) in the internal fixation of humeral shaft fracture by means of finite element analysis.Methods Three-dimensional finite element models were constructed to simulate DCP and LCP internal fixation of humeral transverse fracture.The DCP and LCP groups were compared in terms of peak stress on the humeral fracture fragments (MPa),peak stress on the screws (MPa),and overall displacement peak value (mm) under 4 basic loads (bending,shear,torsion and compression).The biomechanical stability was analyzed after fracture fixation.Results The stress tended to concentrate at the connection sites of plate and screws and distributed evenly on DCP.The stress distributed in a gradient manner at the multiple screw holes and tended to concentrated on the central screws on LCP.Under the bending,shear and torsion loadings,the peak stresses on the fracture fragments and screws in the DCP fixation were larger than in the LCP fixation.However,under the compression loading,the peak stresses on the fracture fragments and screws in the DCP fixation were smaller than in the LCP fixation.DCP and LCP had similar trends in displacement.Under the bending,shear and torsion loadings,the overall displacement peak values in LCP fixation were smaller.However,under the compression loading,the overall displacement peak values in DCP fixation were smaller.Conclusions DCP and LCP have similar biomechanical properties to resist bending,shear,torsion and compression.Due to the gradient distribution of stress among the screw holes,LCP is more suitable for patients with comminuted fracture or osteoporosis.Stress distribution is more even in DCP.Surgeons should consider the advantages of both DCP and LCP to achieve better stability.

Objective To investigate the expressions of Apaf-1 and Caspase-9 protein in ovarian serous carcinoma(OSC) and their clinicopathological significance.Methods The expressions of Apaf-1 and Caspase-9 protein in 45 cases of OSC,60 cases of ovarian serous cystadenomas and 32 cases of ovarian borderline serous cystadenomas were detected by immunohistochemical SP method.The relationship between the expressions of these two proteins and the clinicopathological features of OSC and the correlation between Apaf-1 and Caspase-9 expressions in OSC were analyzed.Results The positive rates of Apaf-1 in OSC,ovarian serous cystadenoma and ovarian borderline serous cystadenoma were 24.4%(11/45),75.0%(45/60) and 46.9%(15/32),the difference was statistically significant (χ2=26.734,P<0.01).Apaf-1 expression was correlated with pathological grade,clinical stage and lymph nodes metastasis (χ2=6.318,7.565,5.554,P<0.05).The expression rates of Caspase-9 in OSC,ovarian serous cystadenoma and ovarian borderline serous cystadenoma were 28.9%(13/45),83.3%(50/60) and 56.3%(18/32),the difference was statistically significant (χ2=31.682,P<0.01).The expression of Caspase-9 was correlated with pathological grade,clinical stage and lymph nodes metastasis (χ2=5.750,4.391,5.466,P<0.05).In OSC,the expressions of Apaf-1 and Capase-9 were positively correlated (k=0.433,P=0.003).Conclusion The low expressions of Apaf-1 and Caspase-9 in OSC may be related to the occurrence and development of OSC.

Objective To prove with mathematical formula that the patient's blood electrolyte concentration shows a tendency to approach that of replacement-fluid after continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT).Methods Electrolyte concentration of plasma,replacement-fluid and returning fluid were compared,and they were labeled as Cblood,Cnom,and Creturn respectively.The Creturn was calculated,and the relationship among them was demonstrated with comparison by mathematical formula.At last,according to their relationship,plasma change towards to the replacement fluid was analyzed.Results It was showed that Cblood＜Creturn＜Cnom or Cblood＞Creturn＞ Cnom,and according the relationship,it was derive that the trend of change in Cblood after circulation for m unit time was Cblood1 ＞Cblood2 ＞Cblood3 ＞ … ＞Cbloodm ＞Cblood or Cblood1 ＜ Cblood2 ＜Cblood3 ＜ … ＜Cbloodm ＜Cnom.The plasma electrolyte concentration would close to that of replacement fluid infinitely with the continue of CRRT.Conclusions With mathematical model,it is proved that the replacement fluid electrolyte concentration is the final target of the plasma.We must make up the replacement fluid correctly.And this results provide the basis for CRRT treatment of electrolyte disorder.

Multi-target drugs attract increasing attentions for the therapy of complicated neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, a computer-assisted strategy was applied to search for multi-target compounds by the pharmacophore matching. This strategy has been successfully used to design dual-target inhibitor models against both the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1). Based on two pharmacophore models matching and physicochemical properties filtering, one hit was identified which could inhibit AChE with IC50 value of (0.337 +/- 0.052) micromol x L(-1) and PARP-1 by 24.6% at 1 micromol x L(-1).

Objective: To compare the effects of different purification processes on the content of salidroside in the extract of Herba Rhodiola to provide reference for the large-scale production. Methods: Ethanol precipitation, clarifier precipitation and AB-8 macro-porous resin separation was respectively used to purify the extract of Herba Rhodiolae, and HPLC was used to determine the content of salidroside to screen the optimum purification process. Results: After the purification by AB-8 macroporous resin, the content of sali-droside was as high as 0. 272 5 mg·ml-1followed by that by ethanol precipitation (70% alcohol), and the clarifier precipitation lost more salidroside. Conclusion: The purification of salidroside by AB-8 macroporous resin separation is with high yield, good selectivi-ty, promising reproducibility and so on, which is suitable for the large-scale production of salidroside.

Objective:To explore a simple method for measuring the dynamic intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEPi) during invasive mechanical ventilation.Methods:A 60-year-old male patient was admitted to the critical care medicine department of Dongying People's Hospital in September 2020. He underwent invasive mechanical ventilation treatment for respiratory failure due to head and chest trauma, and incomplete expiratory flow occurred during the treatment. The expiratory flow-time curve of this patient was served as the research object. The expiratory flow-time curve of the patient was observed, the start time of exhalation was taken as T 0, the time before the initiation of inspiratory action (inspiratory force) was taken as T 1, and the time when expiratory flow was reduced to zero by inspiratory drive (inspiratory force continued) was taken as T 2. Taking T 1 as the starting point, the follow-up tracing line was drawn according to the evolution trending of the natural expiratory curve before the T 1 point, until the expiratory flow reached to 0, which was called T 3 point. According to the time phase, the intrapulmonary pressure at the time just from expiratory to inspiratory (T 1 point) was called PEEPi 1. When the expiratory flow was reduced to 0 (T 2 point), the intrapulmonary pressure with the inhaling power being removed hypothetically was called PEEPi 2. And it was equal to positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) set in the ventilator at T 3 point. The area under the expiratory flow-time curve (expiratory volume) between T 0 and T 1 was called S 1. And it was S 2 between T 0 and T 2, S 3 between T 0 and T 3. After sedation, in the volume controlled ventilation mode, approximately one-third of the tidal volume was selected, and the static compliance of patient's respiratory system called "C" was measured using the inspiratory pause method. PEEPi 1 and PEEP 2 were calculated according to the formula "C =ΔV/ΔP". Here, ΔV was the change in alveolar volume during a certain period of time, and ΔP represented the change in intrapulmonary pressure during the same time period. This estimation method had obtained a National Invention Patent of China (ZL 2020 1 0391736.1). Results:① PEEPi 1: according to the formula "C =ΔV/ΔP", the expiratory volume span from T 1 to T 3 was "S 3-S 1", and the intrapulmonary pressure decreased span was "PEEPi 1-PEEP". So, C = (S 3-S 1)/(PEEPi 1-PEEP), PEEPi 1 = PEEP+(S 3-S 1)/C. ②PEEPi 2: the expiratory volume span from T 2 to T 3 was "S 3-S 2", and the intrapulmonary pressure decreased span was "PEEPi 2-PEEP". So, C = (S 3-S 2)/(PEEPi 2-PEEP), PEEPi 2 = PEEP+(S 3-S 2)/C. Conclusion:For patients with incomplete expiratory during invasive mechanical ventilation, the expiratory flow-time curve extension method can theoretically be used to estimate the dynamic PEEPi in real time.

Objective:To compare gene expression profiles in normal human cervical epithelial cells (HcerEpic) before and after Chlamydia trachomatis ( Ct) infection. Methods:HcerEpic cells that were pretreated with DEAE-D were infected with Ct serotype E standard strain and then cultured for 44 h. Uninfected HcerEpic cells were used as the control group. Total RNA was extracted from the cells in each group and reverse transcribed to construct a cDNA library. Differences in gene expression profiles between the two groups were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing and the representative genes were selected for verification by qPCR. Results:A total of 23 997 genes were detected, including 125 differentially expressed genes. Among the 125 genes, 119 were up-regulated and six were down-regulated. GO analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes were enriched in several biological processes including defense response to virus, typeⅠinterferon signaling pathway and cellular responses to typeⅠinterferons. KEGG enrichment analysis showed the differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in the pathways related to virus infections, such as influenza A virus, herpes simplex virus, EB virus and HPV, and NOD-like receptor pathway.Conclusions:There were significant differences in transcriptome profiles of HcerEpic cells before and after Ct infection. The differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in the interferon pathway, which was closely related to the antiviral processes in cells. qPCR verified the differentially expressed genes and the genes closely related to the interferon pathway, such as ISG15, IFIT2, OASL and UBE2L6.

Objective To explore the effect of circadian rhythm genes on flavonoids biosynthesis in safflower and its molecular mechanism. Methods Based on the transcriptome and metabolomic database of safflower corolla, we screened the circadian rhythm genes that correlate with biosynthesis of flavonoids in safflower. qPCR was used to quantify the expressions of circadian rhythm genes in different flowering stages at different time points in a single day. LC-MS was performed to determine the accumulation of flavonoids. The correlation between them was analyzed as well. Yeast Two-Hybrid experiment was used to verify the interactive proteins of these genes. Results Seven circadian rhythm genes PRR1, PRR2, ELF3, FT, PHYB, GI and ZTL were obtained. PRR1 gene was positively correlated with flavonoids accumulation (r≥0.7). The full length of PRR1 is 3 201 bp, encoding 421 amino acids, which is highly homologous with rice OsPRR73 gene and named as CtPRR1 (GenBank accession number: MW492035). CtPRR1 was mainly expressed in flowers, and the expression level increased in the daytime and declined in the evening gradually. Correspondingly, the content of flavonoids showed an opposite variation. Both of them displayed a circadian rhythm with a negative correlation (r≥−0.7). In addition, 2 heat shock proteins along with 3 AP2 transcription factors interacting with CtPRR1 protein were obtained via Yeast Two-Hybrid experiment. Conclusion CtPRR1 negatively regulated the safflower flavonoids accumulation in a circadian rhythm way, which may be affected by these interacting proteins.

BACKGROUND: Measuring the health of the population is of great significance to the development of a region. We aimed to estimate the population, probability of death, and quality of life in western China. METHODS: We calculated the age-specific mortality rate and prevalence rate of diseases and injuries using the Full Population Database and the Home Page of Inpatient Medical Record. We used multiple interpolation methods to insert missing information from the death data and the model of Kannisto to adjust the mortality rate for elderly individuals. The age-specific prevalence rate of diseases and injuries was adjusted according to the standard ratio of age and methods of equal proportional allocation. Life expectancy was calculated by a life table, and the quality of life was estimated using the Sullivan method. RESULTS: The total population continued to increase in 2015 to 2019 in the Shaanxi Province, China. The mortality rate of children under five has improved, and the mortality rate of people over 65 is decreasing year by year. Life expectancy increased from 74.66 years in 2015 to 77.19 years in 2019. Even with the total risk of disease and injury, the health-adjusted life expectancy increased by 1.90 years within 5 years, and the number of unhealthy years significantly improved. Health-adjusted life expectancy increased by 1.75 years when only considered the ten major disease systems (tumors; endocrinology, nutrition and metabolism; mental and behavioral disorders; nervous system; sensory diseases; circulatory system; respiratory system; digestive system; genitourinary system; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue), and the number of unhealthy years increased slightly. CONCLUSIONS In the past five years, Shaanxi Province has made progress in improving life expectancy and controlling the development of chronic diseases. It is necessary to take specific preventive measures and improve the quality of basic public health services.
Child ; Humans ; Aged ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Quality of Life ; Life Expectancy ; China/epidemiology* ; Prevalence