Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Adult ; Blepharoptosis ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Needles

Objective To establish a HPLC method for the determination of hyperoside in Zhidai tablet.Method The HPLC system used the Phenomenex LUNA-C18 (4.6 mm× 250 mm,5 μm)column,the mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile (10)-0.1％ H3PO4 (90),the flow rate was 1.0 ml/min,the column temperature was set at 30℃,the detection wavelength was set at 360 nm.Results The linear response range was 1.2～24.0 μg/mL(r=0.9998).The average recovery of mangiferin was 98.4％,and RSD was 0.93％.Conclusions The method is simple,rapid,accurate and repeatable.It can be applied in the determination of hyperoside in Zhidai tablet.

Objective To observe changes of thyroid weight and function after 131 I therapy in Graves′ diseaseandtooptimiseradiationdose for treatment of Graves′ disease. Methods From 1995 to 1998, 103 patients with Graves′ disease were selected (nodule was not found by palpation and nuclear scintigraphy). The mean age was 43 (range 27～64) years. Thyroid weight was estimated by nuclear scintigraph (SC) and ultrasound (US). Thyroid function was determined by serum TT 3, TT 4, FT 3, FT 4 and TSH levels. Results The oral dose of 131 I was (188.7?144.3)MBq. If the dose was larger than 555.0 MBq, it was divided into two doses orally. The thyroid weight of the patients before 131 I therapy was (54.8?32.3)g (SC) and (49.3?27.7)g (US), there was no significant difference between SC and US. The thyroid weight in 90 patients was significantly decreased from (51.5?23.4)g to (27.0?13.9)g by SC, and from (47.2?23.7)g to (20.6?8.4)g by US 6～7 months after 131 I treatment. Reduction of thyroid weight was correlated with that before therapy (determined by US) (r=0.49, P

To observe the changes in mucosal blood flow and permeability after esophageal "Z"stenting, 12 adult healthy dogs were divided into two groups, and an esophageal stent was placed in each dog. Mucosal blood flow was measured with Dopplar blood flowmeter. Two hours after stenting PEG400 was instilled into the esophagus continuously under a constant pressure for two hours in the first group. The amount of PEG400 in the stented tissue was measured with gas liquid chromatography.In the second group the same experiment was carried out 24 hours after stenting. The mucosal structure was examined with electron microscope after stenting. It was found that the mucosal blood flow decreased evidently, and the amount of PEG400 was much greater in tissue after being stented as compared with that in normal esophagus. Electron microscopy revealed that the number of desmosome of epithelium decreased, and it was disrupted significantly after stenting. The interval epithelial cells were enlarged, basement membrane was damaged. Stenting might lead to evident decrease of esophageal mucosal blood flow, which significantly impaired the junction of epithelial cells and mucosal structure, and the permeability for PEG400 was increased significantly. All these findings demonstrate that stenting might impair the esophageal mucosa.

To determine the effect of CX43 expression on gastric mucosa apoptosis and proliferation under stress conditions, a water immersion-restraint stress(WRS) model was performed with SD rats. Apoptotic cells were quantitated in gastric mucosa by terminal deoxynucleatidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick and labelling (TUNEL) techniques. Cell proliferation was detected by immunohistochemical staining for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). The expression of CX43 mRNA was detected by in situ hybridization. The results revealed that in control rats not exposed to WRS, apoptotic cells were seen only occasionally at the surface epithelium, The PCNA cells occurred in the proliferation zone of the gastric glands. The CX43 mRNA predomination occurred in the zone of the gastric glands. In contrast, the apoptotic quantities rose significantly 2h to 5h after the termination of WRS and reach a peak gradually, while PCNA proteins and the CX43 mRNA decreased significantly. At 8～12h after WRS the apoptotic cells gradually declined, while the PCNA cells increased to reach a peak. The CX43 mRNA almost returned to normal level and then increased to reach a peak. At 24h after WRS, the apoptotic cells remained significantly higher than normal level while the expression of PCNA proteins and CX43 mRNA returned to the values observed in the intact rats.These results suggested the expression of CX43 might associate with cellular differentiation, proliferation and the stabilization of glandular zone and affect the apoptosis of the surface epithelium.

Objective:To study the immunoisolation effects of alginate-polylysine-alginate(APA)-microcapsules in vito.Methods:To observe changes of cellular immune and tectology of sheeps after hollow microcapsules, Bovine Chromaffin Cells(BCCs) and APA Microencapsulated BCCs(APA-BCCs) transplanted to the spinal subarachnoid space.Results:The blood lymphocyte numbers of each group didn't change; APA-microcapsule could prevent blood CD4 +T lymphocyte , CD4 +/CD8 + and CSF lymphocyte from increasing caused by BCCs transplantation; APA microencapsulation could reduce histological reactions in transplantation area and prolong the survival of the transplant.Conclusion:APA microcapsules possess the immunoisolation effects and can efficiently prevent immunoreactions.

OBJECTIVE:To study the cost-effectiveness of four kinds of calcium drugs in treating senile osteoporosis.METHODS:228cases of senile osteoporosis were collected and divided into four groups,which were Calcichew D 3 (A),Osteo?form(B),Calcium Citrate Tablets+Vitamin AD(C),Shengu Capsules+Vitamin AD(D).Data was evaluated using the phar?macoeconomic cost-effectiveness analysis.RESULTS:The costs of four groups were938.05、1346.85、1946.35and1690.85yuan respectively.The effective rates of four groups were95.6%、80.0%、68.0%and72.0%respectively.Compared with scheme A,scheme B、C、D drug price need to be decreased by41.5%、65.6%、58.1%respectively so that their cost-effec?tiveness ratios can be better than scheme A.CONCLUSION:Among the four schemes,A is the best one.

Objective To study the changes of collagen content in the esophageal tissue after stenting. Methods To select healthy adult dogs as experimental subjects.Esophageal stent was installed by the method of “autogenous fascia lata femoris transplantation and fixation",the dogs were killed at the end of 1,2,4 and 8 weeks,and the esophageal tissues with stent were taken out and studied by gross observation,light microscopy and electromicroscopy. The bulk density and distribution of collagen fiber were studied by special staining and computer technology.The content of P I CP and PⅢNP in restenosis tissue were measured by radio immunoassay(RIA).The contents of hydroxyproline and total amino acid(AA) in restenosis tissue were measured by amino acid analyser. Results At week 1 and 2 the inflammatory reaction occurred evidently in stenting esophagus with granulation and fibrosis,in some sites the esophageal tissue began to proliferate towards the lumen where the fibroblasts were in the state of active proliferation and secretion .The contents of hydroxyproline and total amino acid were significantly higher in the esophageal tissue within 1 and 2 weeks of stenting than those in normal esophagus.At week 4 and 8 esophageal lumen narrowed conspicuously,with a lot of fibrotic tissue and a little of inflammatory cells.The staining density of collagen elevated gradually within 4 weeks,there after the content of collagen was stabilized.The change of P I CP and PⅢNP accorded with that of collagen staining.The content of AA at week 4 increased significantly compared with that at week 2,its level was similar to that between 4 and 8 weeks. Conclusions Re-stenosis mainly expressed as fibrosis. At week 4,8 the fibrosis stabilized gradually with the lessening of inflammatory reaction. The content of collagen in re-stenosis tissue elevated within 4 weeks,and stablilized after week 4,it was in accordance with the pathological changes of re-stenosis.

Objective To study the expression of EGF and EGFR in restenosis tissue of animal e-sophagus after several times of stenting in esophagus, and their relation with esophageal restenosis . Methods Animal models of esophageal stenosis after stenting were made from 16 adult healthy dogs, and allocated into 4 groups to take restenosis tissue as experimental samples at week 1,2,4 and 8. In addition, other 6 normal dogs served as control. To study the expression of EGF and EGFR at protein and mRNA level in these samples by immunohistochemistry ( SABC) and RT-PCR. Results At week 1 and 2, EGF and EGFR clearly expressed, the expressing level increased greatly as compared with the normal controls, the expression of EGF and EGFR existed almost in all the tissues. At week 4 the expression lessened greatly, and finally at week 8 disappeared. The positive cells for EGF were mainly macrophages, some vascular endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells, the positive cells for EGFR were mainly macrophages, lymphocyte and Fb. Conclusion After esophageal stenting, lymphocyte, macrophage and Fb in the local tissues were closely related to restenosis, and served as the important regulatory cells in the pathogenesis of restenosis.

BACKGROUND: Researches on vitodynamics present that percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) can strengthen hardness and intension of single osteoporosis vertebral body after injection of bone cement; however, the infused volume and site of bone cement for maintaining mechanical stability of vertebral body should be further studied.OBJECTIVE: A numerical calculation method on finite element models (FEM) for biomechanical analysis has been developed, while a boundary condition describing the relative L1 -L2 displacement is imposed on the FEM to account for three-dimensional physiological states.DESIGN: Non-randomized control study.SEITING: Beijing Neurosurgical Institute.MATERIALS: One female patient aged 54 years with compressibility fracture at lumbar vertebrae L1-L2 induced by osteoporosis was diagnosed with CT examination, and the patient was told the fact. Based on CT scanning before and after PVP, 90 serial sections with the thickness of 1 mm were obtained and the size of each pixei was 0.33 mm.METHODS: The experiment was carried out Beijing Neurosurgery Institute from October 2005 to June 2006. ①Establishment of three-dimensional FEM: Integrating the anatomical structure from the spine CT and MRI image of a patient, a novel three-dimensional geometric model of lumbar functional spinal units (FSUs) has been built. Meanwhile, 90 serial sections were obtained to exchange data of CT sections and divide imagings. Based on the geometric model, two kinds of three-dimensional FEM of L1-L2 segments for preoperative and postoperative vertebrae were created. ② Model evaluation: The lcad of (500 N, 1 000 N, 1 500 N, 2 000 N, 2 500 N) axial compression were applied to the superior surface of the model in the form of a uniformly concentrated lcad over all L1 superior surface nodes respectively. We could observe the stress distribution of L1-L2 segment by applying the load and clue on the high stress concentration region as the most likely areas fracture.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Changes of displacement, stress and strain distributions of FEM at L1-L2 segment of lumbar vertebrae under various loads; ② Effect of increase of bone cement volume on displacement, stress and strain distribution.RESULTS: ① The increase in displacement, stress and strain of FE model with the increase of loading in the postoperarive cases. The tendency was approximately linear which also illustrates the spine have flexible biomechanical characteristics. The region was a common place for injures due to loading. The magnitude of stress in the intervertebral disc depended on the proportion of load applied to the superior surface of the motion segment. The heavier the lcad was, the stronger the stress was. ② With the increase of stress on intervertebral disc, the increasing volume of bone cement could induce transfusion of load of nearby vertebral body.CONCLUSION: Building three-dimensional FEM of L1-L2 segments for preoperative and postoperative PVP can explain three-dimensional physiological status of vertebral body based on calculating relative shift of L1-L2 segment of lumbar vertebrae. Meanwhile, simulative calculation can clearly express distribution of stain and stress and preoperative and postoperative deformity of vertebral body.