To explore the effect of products of nan A gene on the changes of cell surface carbohydrates of the chinchilla eustachian tube after infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae. Methods Using lectin histochemical techique to compare the changes of the cell surface carbohydrates in the chinchilla eustachian tube after infection with S.pneumoniae D39 or ?NA1 mutant. Results The labeling pattern revealed that the staining with Limax flavus agglutinin (LFA) and Sambucus nigra agglutinin (SNA) was decreased in epithelium of the eustachian tube in the D39 cohort compared to the uninfected control, which indicated that the normal terminal sialic acid residue were removed. Concurrently, the increased staining with wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), succinylated wheat germ agglutinin (Succ WGA), Bandeiraea simplicfolia lectin II (BSL II), peanut agglutinin (PNA) and Erythrina cristagalli lectin (ECL) was observed in the lumen surface of eustachian tube subsequent to intranasal inoculation with D39. However, the ?NA1 neuraminidase deficient mutant did not show any significant changes in the lectin labeling patterns as compared with those of the control cohort. Conclusions The products of the nan A gene play an important role in the changes of cell surface carbohydrates and thus may be responsible for the colonization in the chinchilla eustachian tube after infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Objective To analyze the prevalence of complications following catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation and to describe the characteristics of transition of complications.Methods From October 2004 to December 2008,2 260 cases(1 265 males)with atrial fibrillation(AF)were admitted for catheter ablation.AF was paroxysmal in 1 449 cases and chronic in 811 cases.Circumferential pulmonary vein isolation(CPVI)was carried out alone for paroxysmal AF and in combination with fractionated electrograms ablation for chronic AF.Complications were summarized and analyzed by dividing the whole duration into three sections:Year 2004-2006,Year 2007 and Year 2008.Results Complications occurred in 61 cases(2.70%).Cardiac tamponade developed in 11 cases,embolism in 18 cases,pulmonary vein stenosis in 14 cases,and vessel access related complications in 18 cases.In Year 2004-2006,cardiac tamponade occurred in 5 cases,cerebral embolism in 3 cases,mesenteric artery embolism in 1 case,pulmonary vein stenosis in 6 cases,and vessel access related complications in 6 cases.In Year 2007,cardiac tamponade occurred in 4 cases,cerebral embolism in 3 cases,Mesenteric artery embolism in 1 case,pulmonary vein stenosis in 4 cases,and vessel access related complications in 5 cases.In Year 2008,cardiac tamponade occurred in 2 cases,cerebral embolism in 7 cases,mesenteric artery embolism in 3 cases,pulmonary vein stenosis in 4 cases,and vessel access related complications in 7 cases.There was no significant difference in the prevalence of complications among three sections.The prevalence of cardiac tamponade was lower in Year 2008 compared with that in the other two sections,P=0.5.However,the prevalence of embolism was higher in Year 2008 compared with that in the other two the sections,P=0.2.Conclusion It is safe to perform catheter ablation for the treatment of AF.Despite the improvement of technical skills,the prevalence of severe complications such as cardial tamponade,pulmonary vein stenosis or stroke did not decrease.

Objective To explore the effect of kangfuxin liquid topical treatment on open wound of postoperative perianal abscess.Methods200 cases of patients with open wound abscess surgery in our hospital from February 2014 to September 2016 were randomly divided into control group and experimental group,with 100 cases in each group.The control group was given conventional treatment, the experimental group were treated by kangfuxin liquid.The relevant therapeutic indicators and clinical healing time between two groups were compared.ResultsThe effective rate of the treatment group was 93.0%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (85.0%), the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The granulation growth period of the experimental group was (5.14±1.41) days, and the average healing time was (15.21±2.49) days.Which were significantly shorter than those of the control group[(7.45±1.32) days, (21.16±2.69) days], and the differences were Statistical differences (P<0.05).ConclusionTo improve the treatment effect to a great extent open wound infection of kangfuxin liquid in treatment of perianal abscess after surgery, shorten the healing time, improve the patient's symptoms, with further clinical promotion and application significance.

Objective To investigate the hemostasis effect of alginate dressing for puncture point bleeding after peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) by ultrasound-guided modified Seldinger technique (MST).Methods Between November 2013 and May 2016, 538 cases of cancer in our department underwent PICC, including 270 cases from November 2013 to February 2015 selected as control group (after PICC was successfully placed, sterile gauze and 3M transparent film were used to fix the puncture point) and 268 cases from March 2015 to May 2016 selected as observation group (after PICC was successfully placed, alginate dressing, sterile gauze and 3M transparent film were used to fix the puncture point).The patients in both groups were given 20 minutes of pressure for puncture point and elastic bandage compression fixation for 24 h.The degree of puncture point bleeding and times of dressing change in 24 h and 24-72 h between the two groups were compared.Results In the observation group, mild, moderate, and severe bleeding was seen in 232 cases, 34 cases, and 2 cases within 24 h, and in 242 cases, 25 cases, and 1 case between 24-72 h, respectively.In the control group, mild, moderate, and severe bleeding was seen in 12 cases, 196 cases, and 62 cases within 24 h, and in 21 cases, 212 cases, and 37 cases between 24-72 h, respectively, with significant differences (Z=-18.647, P=0.000;Z=-18.768, P=0.000).In the observation group, there were zero, once, twice, and ≥3 times of puncture point dressing change in 232 cases, 33 cases, 3 cases, and 0 case within 24 h and in 242 cases, 25 cases, 1 case, and 0 case between 24-72 h, respectively.In the control group, there were zero, once, twice, and ≥3 times of puncture point dressing change in 12 cases, 196 cases, 51 cases, and 11 cases within 24 h and in 21 cases, 209 cases, 37 cases, and 3 cases between 24-72 h, respectively, with significant differences (Z=-18.560, P=0.000;Z=-18.755, P=0.000).Conclusion The hemostasis effect of alginate dressing for puncture point bleeding after ultrasound-guided PICC by MST is satisfactory.

Objective To compare the clinical outcomes of 2 different catheter ablation strategies for patients with chronic atrial fibrillation(CAF).Methods One hundred and thirty four consecutive patients(77 males,mean age 56.8?12.3 yrs)were randomized into 2 groups of different catheter ablation strategies.All the patients suffered from frequent attacks(more than 3 times per month),drug refractory and symptomatic CAF.One group received circumferential pulmonary rein ablation(CPVA group,n=68)and the other group received complex fractionated electrogram ablation additional to CPVA(CPVA+CFEA group,n=66).All ablation was guided by 3 dimensional mapping system(CARTO).Follow-up ECG,Holter and clinical outcomes of the 2 groups within 6 months after the procedures were analyzed.Results The baseline characteristics were comparable between the 2 groups.The mean procedure time in the CPVA+CFEA group was longer than that in the CPVA group but the mean fluoroscopy time between two groups had no significant difference.After the first procedure,60%of patients in the CPVA group and 77% of patients in the CPVA +CFEA group were free from symptomatic atrial tachycardia without any use of antiarrhythmic drugs for at least 3 months(P

Objective To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation(AF)therapy guided by 3-D mapping systems.Methods Eight hundred cases(482 male,mean age 62.1?15.6 years)were enrolled.AF was paroxysmal in 611 cases,and persistent in 189 cases.The mean left atrium diameter was 38.4 9.2 mm.Ablation was guided by EnSite-NavX in 260 cases and by CARTO in 540 cases.Circumferential pulmonary vein isolation(CPVI)was performed for paroxysmal AF,and CPVI combined with complex fractionated atrial electrograms(CFAEs)and mitral isthmus ablation was applied for persistent AF.Every case received oral anticoagulation with warfarin and class IC and class III antiarrhythmic drugs for 1 to 3 months.ECG and Holter were applied every month during follow-up.Results Seven hundred and ninty-five cases underwent the procedure successfully,with the mean procedural time 161 33 min and fluoroscopic time 17 13 min.PV isolation was achieved in 96.5% of cases for left-sided PVs,and in 98.6% of cases for right-sided PVs.Radiofrequency application terminated paroxysmal AF in 90 out of 98 cases.AF recurred in 137 cases within 2 weeks post-ablation,and subsided in 103 cases during subsequent follow-up.Fifty-seven cases underwent re-ablation and 6 cases required third ablation.Persistent AF was terminated in 30 cases(16.1%)and was converted to atrial tachycardia in 15 cases(8.1%)by CPVI.For patients receiving CFAEs ablation,persistent AF was terminated in 20 cases(10.8%)and was converted to atrial tachycardia in 23 cases(12.4%).AF recurred in 78 cases(41.9%)early after ablation and 65 cases underwent re-ablation(10 cases received third ablation).Atrial tachycardia/flutter developed in 104 cases(13.1%)after ablation,and remitted in 68 cases.Atrial tachycardia/flutter was mapped and ablated in 30 cases,and was eliminated in 23 cases.Complications:Cardiac tamponade developed in 5 cases,requiring pericardiocentesis in 3 cases and surgical repair in 2 cases.PV stenosis was present in 6(0.7%)cases,TIA in 1 case,cerebral embolism in 2 cases,mesentery artery embolism in 1 case,hemothorax in 1 case and pneumothorax in 1 case.There were femoral artery pseudo-aneurysm in 3 cases and femoral artery-vein fistula in 1 case.All the patients were cured by conservative therapy.During a mean follow-up of 16.2?5.7 months,550 cases(9.4% of them received re-ablation and 11.5% received antiarrhythmic drugs)with paroxysmal AF and 159 cases(34.9% of them received re-ablation and 28.5% received antiarrhythmic drugs)with persistent AF were free of atrial tachyarrhythmias recurrence.Conclusion Catheter ablation guided by 3-D mapping systems were safe and effective for AF therapy.CPVI alone was enough for paroxysmal AF treatment,while CPVI combined with CFAEs and isthmus ablation were preferable for persistent AF treatment,and re-ablation were needed in 40% of the patients to improve effectiveness.

Objective To analyze the distribution of key target sites(KTSs) during initial circumferential pulmonary vein isolation(CPVI) for atrial fibrillation(AF) and during re-ablation.Methods Forty eight cases(30 males,average age 54.3?10.2 years) with recurrent AF were enrolled.AF was paroxysmal in 24 cases and persistent in 24 cases.Re-ablation was performed 37.2?7.4 days after initial CPVI.KTS was defined as the target sites where pulmonary vein potentials(PVPs) delayed,conduction sequence changed,PVPs slowed down or PV isolated during ablation.Circumferential pulmonary vein(PV) lesions were divided eaqually into 8 segments.KTSs were analyzed during initial CPVI and re-ablation.Results One hundred and forty five KTSs were identified during initial CPVI.The mean KTSs per case were 3.02?1.08,compared with 1.58?1.09 during re-ablation,P

Objective To evaluate the electrophysiological mechanism of early recurrence of atrial tachyarrhythmias(ATa) after initial ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation(AF)and the feasibility of early re-ablation.Methods Forteen cases(8 males,average age of 61.8?8.4 years) presented with early recurrent ATa within 1 month after initial ablation were included.Early recurrence was observed after a mean of 4.9?3.7 days post-ablation.During re-ablation,all pulmonary vein(PV) reconnection was re-isolated,and AF induction was applied to map and ablate non-PV triggers.ECG and Holter monitor was applied to evaluate the effect.Results Re-ablation was performed after a mean follow-up of 24.7?5.5 days after the first ablation.PV re-connection was identified in 13 cases(92.9%) and was re-isolated by closing conduction gaps along initial lesion lines.By AF induction,superior vena cava(SVC) originated AF was detected in 3 cases and was terminated by SVC isolation.Upper crista terminalis(CT) foci was found in 1 case which was eliminated by focal ablation.Typical atrial flutter(AFL) in 3 cases and left atrial AFL in 1 case were terminated by linear ablation.At the end of follow-up of 5.8?1.4 months,13 cases were free from ATa recurrence and anti-arrhythmic drugs.Paroxymal ATa was observed in 1 case which could be suppressed by verapamil.Conclusion PV re-connection is the main influencing factor of early recurrence of ATa after initial ablation for paroxysmal AF.Other factors include foci located in SVC and CT.Early re-ablation is feasible and effective.

Objective: To observe the controlled hypotension effects of nicardipine in 2 different ways for spinal tumor operalion. Methods: Twenty-four adult patients, scheduled for selective spinal tumor operation, were randomly divided into 2 groups. In groupⅠ(n=12), the nicardipine was infused at a rate of 10 μg*kg-1*min-1 and the infusion continued until MAP was at the level of 7.33-8.66 kPa, and then the rate was decreased to 1 μg*kg-1*min-1. In Group Ⅱ(n=12), nicardipine was given 0.01-0.02 mg/kg as the load dose, then infused at 1-2 μg*kg-1*min-1. Results: During the period of controlled hypotension, cardiac index(CI) increased significantly, other hemodynamic variables were stable and no hypertension rebound occurred in both groups. Reaching time of target blood pressure in groupⅡ was shorter than that in groupⅠ（P＜0.05）. The dose required to obtain target blood pressure in group Ⅱwas less than that in group Ⅰ（P＜0.05）. BP recovery time from discontinuing nicardipine infusion to pre-hypotension level,bleeding volume and transfusion volume were similar between 2 groups（P＞0.05）.During mass bleeding,　serious arrhythmia and oliguria did not occur in any case. Conclusion: Controlled hypotension with nicardipine is rapid, stable and easily controlled without hypertension rebound. Nicardipine has considerable protective effects on heart and kidney during mass bleeding. The method of bolus injection followed with intravenous infusion is more suitable to clinical application.

Objective: To observe the inhibitory effect of scopolamine(Spm) and chlopromazine (Clo) on withdrawal syndromes in morphine dependent rats. Methods: The intensity of withdrawal syndromes on the model of morphine dependent rats was recorded after single or muiltiple subcutaneous administration(sc) of Spm and Clo at different doses. Results: Withdrawal syndromes were markedly decreased when single Spm 1 mg/kg and Clo 0.5 mg/kg combined with morphine were injected (P<0.05). Spm+Clo(sc) had much stronger effects on inhibiting withdrawal syndromes after intraperitoneal (ip) naloxone in morphine dependent rats (P<0.01). Conclusion: Spm can act on Ach-receptor and relieve morphine withdrawal syndromes. Clo may have a synergistic action with Spm via α2-receptor in the locus coeruleus of the rat brain stem.