Objective To design a new type of nasopharyngeal airway tube,which can resolve the upper respiratory tract obstruction due to general anesthesia.Methods All types of used flex endotracheal tube were collected.Take off the cuff outside of the tube wall and cut them into different lengths.Then,the connectors were reinstalled to the prepared tubes.Results With the designed nsopharyngeal airway tubes inserted,50 patients having complicated glossocoma in general anesthesia no longer snored and they could breathe freely.Conclusion The new type of nsopharyngeal airway tube is easy to produce and adapts well to clinical work.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of nosocomial infections in senile inpatients(≥75 years old) and to propose the control strategy according to the analysis. Methods A total of 2675 senile inpatients(≥75 years old) from 2007 to 2008 were prospectively evaluated and retrospectively reviewed. The infection incidence rate, infection fatality rate, average length of stay in hospitals, location of infections, main pathogenic bacteria and common protopathy were analyzed. Results Among 2675 senile inpatients, 222 senile inpatients suffered from nosocomial infection. Among all age groups in this hospital during the same period, the infection incidence rate and the infection fatality rate were higher in the senile group than in the general group(8.3% vs. 1.9%, 0.8% vs. 0.1%,both P<0.01). The average length of stay in our hospital was 54.0 days. The lower respiratory tract infections were most common, and the urinary system infections, and the blood infections. Gram-negative bacteria was the major source of nosocomial infection(47.0%, 110/234), while infection rate of Gram-positive bacteria was 32.9% (77/234) and fungus was 20.1% (47/234). The cerebral vascular disease was the most common protopathy, then malignant tumor was in 45 cases (20.3%), kidney disease was in 31 cases(14.0%), cardiac disease was in 29 cases(13.1%) and respiratory disease was in 21 cases(9.5%). Conclusions There are higher infection incidence rate, higher infection fatality rates,longer length of stay in hospitals in senile inpatients(≥75 years old). The lower respiratory tract infections were most common and Gram-negative bacteria was the major source of nosocomial infection. We should adopt active management to control the nosocomial infections.

Capillary gas chromatographic column 1 (7.5%　W/W,3 5×0. 35mm i.d.) and column 2 (9.2% W/W,35×0.30mm i.d.) using butylammonium 4-to unesulfonate as stationary phase were prepared by the method of dynamic coating with mercury plug, and the solvent used was mixture of acetone and methanol (2 ∶1　V/V). The results　showed that the column had good chromatograpic pro perties, especially to strong polar compound, such as carboxylic acids and acoho ls could be separated well.

OBJECTIVE To provide more evidence for hospital infection control.METHODS To(analyze) the clinical records of the hospital-acquired pneumonia(HAP) of senile patients in department of(neurology) during Jan 2004 to Dec 2005 retrospectively.RESULTS There were 109 person-times(145 cases) senile(patients) with hospital(infection) during the two years.From them 77 cases were hospital-acquired infection,32 cases were ventilator-(associated) pneumonia(VAP),the infection rate was 22.1%.CONCLUSIONS The infection of HAP in department of neurology may induce by several factors.The key point to control HAP is prospective monitoring hospital(infection) in time,and taking effective measures to prevent the hospital infection on the basis of treatment the(underlying) disease.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of abnormal epidermal proliferation induced by psoriatic T lymphocytes.Methods Skin organ culture was established with psoriatic T cells mixed with epi-dermal cells.The expressions of c-myc,bcl-2and p53protein were examined with immunohistochemical method in epidermis before culture,on the3rd day and the6th day after culture.Results Significant up-regulation of c-myc and p53protein was found in psoriatic lesions,but bcl-2protein expression was rarely observed.The expressions of those proteins were normal in non-lesional psoriatic skin.The p53protein ex-pression was increased in normal skin and non-lesional psoriatic skin on the3rd day after culture with psori-atic T cells,and c-myc protein expression was enhanced while bcl-2was decreased on the6th day of co-culture.There was no significant difference of those proteins' expression between normal skin and non-lesion-al psoriatic skin stimulated by psoriatic T cells.Conclusions The abnormal expressions of c-myc,bcl-2and p53protein play an important role in abnormal epidermal proliferation and differentiation in psoriasis.Psoriatic T lymphocytes can influence c-myc,bcl-2and p53protein expression in normal skin and non-le-sional psoriatic skin.Pathogenic T cells rather than keratinocytes might be vital for initiation of psoriasis.

Objective To explore the application value of non‐concentrated urine protein electrophoresis in renal diseases in order to guide to adjust the treatment scheme and judge the prognosis .Methods The clinical data in 152 cases of renal biopsy in the Xuzhou Municipal First People′s Hospital from December 2010 to January 2016 were retrospectively collected ,mainly including the pathological report and the results of urine protein electrophoresis .The classification was performed according to the WHO renal pathology classification standard(Ⅰ ,Ⅱ ,Ⅲ ,Ⅳ) .The relationship between the renal pathological classification with the classification of urine protein electrophoresis and the proportions of various compositions in electrophoresis spectrum was comparatively ana‐lyzed .Results The glomerular lesion rate was higher than the renal tubules‐interstitial lesion rate ,the majority of renal tubules‐in‐terstitial lesion had combining glomerular lesions .The glomerular urine protein level reflected by the urine protein electrophoresis was associated with glomerular damage degree ,with WHO pathological grade (Ⅰ - Ⅳ ) increase ,the proportion of haptoglobin (HAP)and IgG/A in urine protein electrophoresis showed an increasing trend ,the differences were statistically significant (F=2 .237 ,P<0 .05 ;F=7 .269 ,P<0 .05) .Conclusion Detecting the proportion of HAP and IgG/A in urine protein electrophoresis has an important clinical value in reflecting the glomerular damage severity .

Objective To evaluate the influence of SP600125,a selective c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor,on the levels of serum total bile salt (TBA) and Bsep,Ntcp expression in the hepatic tissue of rats with ethinylestradiol induced intrahepatic cholestasis.Methods Rats pregnant for 15days were administered the subcutaneous injection of 17- b -estradiol propylene ( EE ) to modulate the ICP animal models,and be SP600125 to intervene.Testing the level of serum TBA and the expression of c-Jun,Bsep,Ntcp in the hepalatic tissue.Results The average gray values of c-Jun in the group of ICP models were significantly lower than the normal control group ( 101.05 ± 5.20 vs 118.99 ± 5.95,P ＜ 0.05 ).After the intervention of SP600125,comparing with the group of ICP models,the expression of Bsep,Ntcp in the group of SP600125 intervention were significantly higher,and this change in the high dose of SP600125 intervention group was more obvious ( low dose intervention group Bsep:0.452 ±0.031 vs 0.291 ±0.043,Ntcp:0.462 ± 0.015 vs 0.285 ± 0.021,P ＜ 0.05 ; high dose intervention group Bsep:0.568 ± 0.038 vs 0.291 ±0.043,Ntcp:0.605±0.020 vs 0.285 ±0.021,P ＜0.05),while the level of TBA in the serum was significantly lower.Conclusions Treatment with SP600125 can down-regulate the level of c-Jun/AP-1,and it may participate in the lower expression of Bsep、Ntcp in the ICP rats which were induced by 17-bestradiol.

OBJECTIVE: To seek the bionic material myocardial extracellular matrix in the myocardial tissue engineering for the cultured myocardial cells and to provide a reliable scaffold.METHODS: A computer-based online search of CNKI and PubMed database to search articles published between January 1996 and August 2007 on scaffold material of tissue engineering.RESULTS: Natural biological scaffold materials with good biocompatibility and mechanical properties are ideal choice in the cardiac tissue engineering rapid prototyping technology. Natural biological materials such as collagen, chitosan have poor mechanical properties and plasticity, but good biocompatibility, which can be used for rapid prototyping of cardiac stents. The scaffolds which are prepared by the technology such as three-dimensional printing, laser sintering, three-dimensional pressing,selective laser sintering rapid prototyping technology on have the advantages such as high porosity, high surface area volume ratio,completely transparent among the holes, controllable macro-shape, porosity, and independent control of aperture.CONCLUSION: Through the use of dispersion/accumulation forming principle, surface modification of traditional biological materials in cardiac tissue engineering using computers and other high-tech nano-polymer technology is expected to provide ideal myocardial scaffolds.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of Chinese botulinum toxin A(CBTX-A)injection in the treatment of motor tics in patients with tic disorder.Methods Twenty-five patients(20 male,5 female)were treated with CBTX-A in the sites of their most problematic motor tics.Before treatment the data of Yale Global Tic Severityb Scale(YGTSS)was collected.All patients were assessed at least 3 times after 1 week,4 weeks and within 12-month period.At each visit the following data were collected:YGTSS,Jankovic clinical rating scale,time to response,duration of response,global impression of changes by patients,presence of premonitory sensory tic component and side effects.Results Total number of treatment sessions was 29.The mean response time was 5.0 days.The mean duration of response was 4.6 months.The mean peak effect response in Jankovic clinical rating scale was 3.4.Based on YGTSS,62.1% (18/29)was rated as marked improvement,34.5%(10/29)as moderate improvement and only 3.4% (1/29)as no effect.85.7%(18/21)patients had less premonitory sensation symptoms(mean benefit 72.4%(20%-100%)).Weakness in the site of injection and rash were the main side effect. Conclusion CBTX-A is an effective and safe treatment for motor tics associated with tic disorder.

Practical teaching is an important component of higher medical education. The article introduced a number of exploration and experience of Shaoyang Medical College in building a practical teaching quality guarantee system,such as revising personnel training programs, optimizing practice teaching environment,enhancing teaching quality construction projects, strengthening teachers troop construction reinforcing teaching practice management and the teaching quality monitoring,etc.