OBJECTIVETo evaluate the aesthetic outcomes of all-ceramic restorations by using four different porcelain materials on mimic-tetracycline pigmentation backgrounds.

METHODSThe translucency parameters (TP) of four different all-ceramic restorations (IPS e.max, Cercon, Lava, and Girrbach) were measured under white and black back grounds by using Datacolor 600, and the TP of each group (n = 8) was calculated. Five different mimic-tetracycline pigmentation teeth were printed with different colors by using a colorized printer as the prepared teeth backgrounds, under which the color parameters of each group were measured. The color differences with a standard 2M2 sample were calculated.

RESULTSThe TP values of the all-ceramic restorations were 15.67 +/- 0.58 for IPS e.max, 9.73 +/- 0.43 for Girrbach, 9.55 +/- 0.25 for Lava, and 7.56 +/- 0.43 for Cercon. The TP value of the IPS e.max group was significantly higher than those of the other three groups (P < 0.001). The deltaE of the IPS e.max group was 1.33 national bureau of standards (NBS) on the yellow background, and the deltaE of the Lava and Girrbach groups were 0.75 NBS to 1.47 NBS on the mimic-tetracycline pigmentation backgrounds of gray, dark gray, dark red, and light red.

CONCLUSIONThe IPS e.max group has favorable TP. IPS e.max shows better aesthetic effects than the others when restoring mimic-tetracycline pigmentation teeth (on yellow background). Lava and Girrbach show better aesthetic effects on mimic-tetracycline pigmentation teeth (on gray, dark gray, dark red, and light red backgrounds).

Objective To compare the orthodontic efficacy of the self-locking appliance and the ordinary straight wire appliance.Methods A total of 144 patients from March 2010 to March 2012 at the Department of Stomatology Orthodontic Surgery,Zhejiang Dongyang City People's Hospital were divided into observation group (n =72) and control group (n =72) according to the random number table.The observation group were treated with the self-locking appliance,and the control group were treated with the ordinary straight wire appliance.Results (1) The number of referral unconventional visits had no statistically significant difference between two groups (U =-1.65,P =0.0990).The number of routine visits of observation group was significantly less than that of the control group (U =-2.80,P =0.0052).(2) The VAS score of observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (U =-8.47,P =0.0000).Conclusions The orthodontic efficacy of the self-locking appliance is obviously better than the ordinary straight wire appliance,and the former-caused pain is lighter.Therefore,the self-locking appliance is more suitable for orthodontic surgery.

Objective To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of circumferential pulmonary vein(PV) isolation in cases with persistent/permanent atrial fibrillation(AF) guided by the EnSite-NavX system.Methods Sixty cases(43 males,mean age 59.2?13.6 years) with persistent/permanent AF were enrolled from September 2004 to August 2005.The mean duration of AF was 4?6 years(6 months-24 years).The mean left atrium diameter was 43.2?6.4(42-58)mm.Circumferential PV isolation was performed guided by the EnSite-NavX system,combined with linear ablation of the superior-posterior wall of left atrium and mitral isthmus.Results All 60 cases underwent the procedure successfully,with the mean procedural time 170?34(150-240)min and the mean fluoroscopic time 23?10(12-45)min.The pulmonary vein isolation rate for the left ipsilateral PVs was 83.3% and was 78.3% for the right PVs.Segmental ostial ablation was applied for the rest cases.AF was terminated in 7 cases and was converted to atrial tachycardia(AT) or atrial flutter(AFL) in 5 cases.Sinus rhythm was restored by cardioversion in 48 cases.Post-ablation AT/AFL was documented in 10 cases (16.7%) which diminished automatically in 8 cases,and was abolished by re-ablation in 2 cases.After a mean of 6.5?3.2(4-11)months of follow-up,43 cases (71.7%) were free of AF(18 cases with anti-arrhythmic drugs).Complications: pseudo-aneurysm of femoral artery was found in 1 case and was cured after proper treatment.Conclusion Circumferential PV isolation and combination with left atrial linear ablation guided by the EnSite-NavX system was safe and effective for eliminating persistent/permanent AF.

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) have been widely used as biomaterials due to their unique magnetic responsiveness and biocompatibility, which also can promote osteogenic differentiation through their inherent micro-magnetic field. The MNP composite scaffold retains its superparamagnetism, which has good physical, mechanical and biological properties with significant osteogenic effects and . Magnetic field has been proved to promote bone tissue repair by affecting cell metabolic behavior. MNP composite scaffolds under magnetic field can synergically promote bone tissue repair and regeneration, which has great application potential in the field of bone tissue engineering. This article summarizes the performance of magnetic composite scaffold, the research progress on the effect of MNP composite scaffold with magnetic fields on osteogenesis, to provide reference for further research and clinical application.
Cell Differentiation ; Magnetite Nanoparticles ; Osteogenesis ; Tissue Engineering ; Tissue Scaffolds

Aim To study the inhibitory effects of ex-tractive pericarpium trichosanthes ( EPT) on high glu-cose-induced apoptosis in human umbilical vein endo-thelial cells ( HUVECs ) and its underlining mecha-nisms. Methods HUVECs were cultured. Effects of EPT at different concentrations on the high-glucose-in-duced apoptosis in HUVECs were observed. The cell viability of HUVECs was determined by MTT colori-metric method. Cell apoptosis was identified by Ho-echst staining. The intracellular activity of Caspase-3 was detected with colorimetry. Protein expression and p65 nuclear translocation of NF-κB were detected by Western blot and immunofluorescence staining. Re-sults Treated with 30 mmol · L-1 glucose for 48 hours had a significantly decrease on cell viability com-pared with control, and the apoptotic rate and Caspase-3 activity were increased markedly, the protein expres-sion of NF-κB was upregulated and p65 nuclear trans-location in HUVECs increased; Pre-incubation with EPT(12. 5,25,50 mg·L-1 ) for 1 hour enhanced the cell viability, and decreased the apoptotic rate and Caspase-3 activity and downregulated the expression of NF-κB in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, EPT could inhibit p65 translocation. Conclusion EPT can protect HUVECs against the apoptosis induced by high glucose in vitro,and its mechanism may be related with downregulation of NF-κB expression and inhibition of the intracellular activity of Caspase-3 .

The effects of Lipoid of Mujingzi〔LP,Fruits of vitex neguando L Var cannabifo- lia (Sieb et Zucc) Hand mazz〕 on Smooth muscles are reported. The results were as follows:① In the isolated perfused mice lung-bronchi, LP caused significant increase of perfusion medium dropping through the lung-trachea, and the effect of LP was dose-dependent; ACh (Acetyl-choline)-induced contraction of the isolated mice trachea smooth muscles could be relaxed by LP. ② When LP was given introperitoneally(100~ 300 mg?kg-1) into guinea pig, the incubationperiod of asthma induced by acetycholine together with histamine was prolonged.The optimum dilated effect of LP on smooth muscles of trachea in mice can be concluded as the results of synergistic effects by 4 compositions from LP (Oleic acid,Linoleic acid, Palmitic acid and Stearic acid).

Objective To study the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1 ) in the rat cardiac heterotopic allo- grafts and the effect of cyclosporin A on prevention of allograft rejection. Methods Heart transplantated animals were divided into three groups: Group Ⅰ(control), Group Ⅱ(CsA 7. 5mg/kg B W, daily) and Group Ⅲ(CsA l5mg/kg B W, daily). Acute cardiac rejection grade was valued by the standrd of ISHLT(1990 ). Immunohistochemistry was performed to analyze the expression of ICAM-1 in heart grafts and donor aorta segments. Results After heart transplantation, it was found that from day 1 to 3, there was sligtly inflammatory infiltratiation, the rejection was graded 1A of 1B, But from day 11 to 12, there were disseminated inflammation and cardiac necrosis with serous hyperemia, exutation, edema, acute vasculitis and myocarditis. The rejection grade was 3B or 4, and could be reduced 1to 2. 5 grades by administration of CsA. It was also found that both in heart graft and donor aorta segments the expression of ICAM-1 on the endothelium cells, infiltrated lymphocytes was clearly increased. It was time-dependent and could be down-regulated by administra- tion of CsA. On Day 1 and Day 3 the suppressing function of CsA on expressing of ICAM-1 showed singificant dosage-dependent. But from Day 7 to Day 11, it appeared dosage- independent. Conclusiou Trea tment with CsA is an effect ive methed to down- regulate I - CAM-1 expression and could reduce the lympphocyte migration and filtration. These results may explain, in part, the mechanism of CsA reducing acute rejection in a rat cardiac transplantation medel.

Objective To investigate the efficiency of antitumor immune responses induced by a controlled live dendritic cell(DC)vaccine Methods DC precursors were isolated from Fischer 344 rat bone marrow and cultured with granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor and interleukin 4 The rat ovarian tumor cell line NuTu 19 was genetically modified by retroviral mediated suicide gene(HSV 1 TK), and the positive clones were selected using G418 Live DC vaccine was then fused with DC and NuTu 19/TK cell by polyethylene glycol The characteristics of live DC vaccine were assayed with flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy The specific expression of HSV 1 TK gene in live DC vaccine was evaluated by RT PCR and western blot The sensitivity of live DC vaccine to ganciclovir (GCV) was evaluated by methylthiazoletetrazolium assay In vivo, rats vaccinated twice with live DC vaccine were compared to those vaccinated with killed DC vaccine, unfused DC and NuTu 19/TK cell or phosphate buffered saline Seven days following the last immunization, the rats were sacrificed to test the specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity by lactate dehydrogenase release assay, or challenged with NuTu 19 and tumor incidence was observed Results The fusion efficiency was approximately (23?14) Live DC vaccine displayed an up regulated expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) IIOX6 (87 6?3 4)%, costimulatory molecule B 1 2 (71 1?9 3)%, integrin OX 62 (68 0?7 4)%, and adhesion ICAM 1 (77 1?2 0)%, and specifically expressed HSV 1 TK gene. Our data showed that spleen T lymphocytes from rats vaccinated with live vaccine displayed enhanced CTL aetivity (61 8?8 3)% contrast to that of rats vaccinated with killed vaccines (26 0?3 8)% ( P

Rehabilitation and reconstruction of atrophic edentulous predicament represents significant challenges for implant dentists due to the anatomical conditions of the edentulous jaw. Implant-supported fixed complete dental prostheses represent a scientifically and clinically validated treatment for recovering patients, masticatory function and esthetic effect. However, the highly demanding implant surgical techniques and complex rehabilitation procedures for immediate functional reconstruction make it difficult to achieve the desired treatment outcomes. The application of digital and CAD/CAM technology in various stages of the treatment process is logical for patients and dentists. This article summarizes the workflow of digital-assisted implantation with immediate functional reconstruction of atrophic edentulous combined with a clinical case. Digital-assisted diagnosis, design, implantation, immediate reconstruction and final rehabilitation can optimize the implant surgery and immediate rehabilitation workflow, improve the accuracy of implant-supported immediate functional reconstruction, reduce the demand for a large amount of bone graft, and achieve higher patient satisfaction. The “prosthetic-oriented, begin with the end in mind” concept of edentulous jaw implant prosthetics can accurately and efficiently restore the patient,s beauty and chewing function in a minimally invasive manner, and is worthy of clinical promotion.

Objective To evaluate the controlling status of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in Chongming County, a suburban region of Shanghai. Methods A total of 10,060 residents were selected from the Chengqiao Town of Chongming County by using random cluster sampling, and the subjects ranged in age 40-70 years old, with 989 of them previously diagnosed as T2DM patients. The level of control was evaluated according to Chinese Type 2 Diabetes Prevention Guidelines (2010 version). Results (1) The 989 patients with T2DM had an average age of (56. 41 + 7. 78) years, a mean disease duration of (7. 41 + 5. 72) years and an average hemoglobin Alc(HbAlc) level of (7. 60 + 1. 70)% And 433(43. 78%) patients had HbAlc<7%. (2) The patients were divided into untreated group (accounting for 58. 65%), oral hypoglycemic therapy group (33. 16%), oral hypoglycemic agents plus insulin treatment group (4. 25%), and insulin-treated group (3. 94%), the average HbAlc levels of the latter two groups were significantly higher than that of the untreated group, and the HbAu compliance rates were significantly lower than that of the untreated group (P<0. 01). (3) For the 989 patients, the mean high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triacylglycerol (TG) were (1. 17 + 0. 30), (2. 63 + 0. 80) and (1. 99 + 1. 57) mmol/L, respectively, and 124(12. 54%) patients had their HDL-C, LDL-C, and TG levels meeting the standard. We also found that 87. 46% of the patients had diabetic dyslipidemia, but only 0. 91% of them were taking lipid-lowering drugs. (4) For the 989 patients, the mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) was (138. 45 + 19. 17) mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa) and the diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was (80. 93 ± 9. 70) mmHg, with 23. 46% of them having blood pressure <130/80 mmHg, 52. 38% also having hypertension, and 27. 70% taking antihypertensive drugs. (5) The average body mass index (BMI) of the patients was (25. 17 + 3. 22) kg/m2, with those BMK24 kg/m2 accounting for 36. 30%. (6) Totally 13 (1. 31%) patients had their glucose, blood lipids, blood pressure, and BMI meeting the standard. Conclusion The control of blood sugar, blood lipids, blood pressure, and BMI of T2DM patients in our sample are greatly behind those required by Chinese Type 2 Diabetes Prevention Guidelines (2010 version), and the starting time of insulin treatment has lagged far behind.