1.Applications of nanoparticle carriers used in lymph-targeted chemotherapy for gastric carcinoma
International Journal of Surgery 2010;37(8):544-548
The occurrence of nanoparticle carriers has greatly changed the traditional remedies of gastric cancer and other malignant tumors which makes the chemotherapeutic drugs possess better distribution, better targeting, less side-effects, and the ability to withstand the drug-resistance of tumor cells. Utilization of nanoparticle carriers in lymph-targeted chemotherapy of gastric cancer can not only achieve a better curative effect,but also direct the operation and improve patients' quality of lives. It has an expansive application foreground.
2.APPLICATION OF TELEVISION MICROPHOTOGRAPHY TO MICROORGANISM TEACHING AND RESEARCH
Ming HUI ; Xingyuan ZHANG ; Junhe ZHANG
Microbiology 1992;0(06):-
A method of observation, examination and record was introduced in this paper, which was applicable for microorganism materials (example : bacteria, yeast moulds), animal and plant materials (example: animal tissue, flowers), bio-masromolecule (example: starch), industrial crystals, metallograph tests and general physics tests, through the hyphae, spores, spore sacs, expanding hyphae in fermentation and riboflavin crystals of E. ashbyii T30 (a riboflavin high-yield strain) had been observed.
3.Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase and immune tolerance in the gallbladder carcinoma
Peng ZHANG ; Xingyuan JIAO ; Jingsen SHI
International Journal of Surgery 2010;37(7):476-479
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase(IDO)is the rate-limiting enzyme in the catabolism of trypto-phan along the kynurenine pathway.Over expression of IDO is one of the reasons which are responsible for immune tolerance of tumor.IDO also affects the effects of the vaccine of the dendritic cell in the tumor therapy.Lipopolysaccharide(LPS),cytokines and so on can regulate the expression of IDO via different regulating mechanisms.IDO participates in the local immune tolerance of tumor by three kinds of mechanisms.Further research on this immunological regulatory mechanism will be significant for tumor immunotherapy.
4.Recent progress in studying type 2 diabetes mellitus and tumor risk
Yuehong CHEN ; Liang DU ; Chunlin ZHANG ; Xingyuan GENG ; Guanjian LIU
Chinese Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism 2015;(6):544-547
[Summary] During recent years, increasing evidences have indicated that type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) might increase the risk of certain tumors; the process might be not only related with the chronic pathologic status of T2DM such as hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, status of chronic inflammation but also associated with the long-term use of anti-diabetic drugs (i. e. sulfonylureas, biguanides, glitazones, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, glucagon-like peptitide-1 receptor agonists), as well as the use of insulin and insulin analogues. Herewith a system review was made about the recent progress in studying T2DM and tumor risk.
5.Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase and forkhead boxP3 on immune tolerance of gallbladder carcinoma cells
Jian GAO ; Xingyuan JIAO ; Peng ZHANG ; Jun DU ; Jingsen SHI
Chinese Journal of Hepatobiliary Surgery 2012;18(4):252-255
Objective To investigate the expressions of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and transcription factor forkhead box P3(FOXP3)in gallbladder adenocarcinoma; and to evaluate the relationship between the expressions of IDO and FOXP3 protein,and clinicopathology and lymph node metastasis of gallbladder carcinoma.Methods The expressions of IDO and FOXP3 in 51 cases of primary gallbladder cancer,90 cases of chronic cholecystitis,and 20 cases of normal gallbladder tissues were studied by immunohistochemical staining. Results The positive expression rates of IDO and FOXP3 in gallbladder carcinoma were 72.5% (37/51) and 60.8% (31/51),in normal gallbladder mucosa were 5% (1/20) and 20.0% (4/20),in cholecystitis and gallstone were 11.1% (10/90) and 32.2% (29/90),respectively.There were significant differences among the three groups in IDO and FOXP3 expressions (P<0.01).The positive expression rates of IDO and FOXP3 were 7.1% and 14.3% for simple hyperplasia,17.7% and 35.3% for atypical hyperplasia,40% and 35% for gallbladder carcinoma (stages Ⅰ-Ⅲ),and 77.4% and 64.5% for gallbladder carcinoma (stages Ⅳ-Ⅴ ).There were significant differences among the four groups in IDO and FOXP3 expressions (P<0.01).There were significant differences among the Nevin stage groups,lymph node metastasis group and gallbladder stone in IDO and FOXP3 expressions.However,there were no significant differences among the sex groups and the age groups in IDO and FOXP3 expressions (P>0.05).In gallbladder carcinoma,the expression of IDO had a positive correlation with FOXP3 expression in lymphocyte (γ=0.406,P=0.003).Conclusion In gallbladder cancer,a high-expression of IDO and an expression of FOXP3 in lymphocyte are closely related with immune tolerance of gallbladder carcinoma.The results provide a reference for clinical use of immunotherapy in gallbladder cancer.
6.Effects of propofol and sevoflurane on oxidative stress response induced by short period pure oxygen inhalation during general anesthesia
Juan LIU ; Xingyuan JIA ; Qing ZHANG ; Yun YUE
Chinese Journal of Anesthesiology 2010;30(3):297-299
Objective To investigate the effects of propofol and sevoflurane on oxidative stess response induced by short period pure oxygen inhalation during general anesthesia.Methods Sixty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients aged 20-60 yr weighing 50-85 kg undergoing elective abdominal surgery under general anesthesia were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=30 each):group propofol (group P) and group sevoflurane (group S).Each group was further divided into 2 subgroups inhaling 40% O2 (P0.4,S0.4) and 100%O2(P1.0,S1.0) respectively during operation.Anesthesia was induced with propofol 1-2 mg/kg,midazolan 0.02 mg/kg and sufentanil 0.1-0.2 mg/kg.Tracheal intobation was facilitated with rocuronium 0.6-0.8 mg/kg.The patients were mechanically ventilated(VT 8 ml/kg,RR 12 bpm).PET CO2 was maintained at 35-40 mmHg.Anesthesia was maintained with in both groups.BIS was maintained at 40-60.Arterial blood samples were collected immediately before induction of anesthesia (baseline),at 2,4,6h after tracheal intubation(T1-3) and 24h after operation(T4) for determination of PaO2,serum 8-iso-PGF2α and MDA concentrations and SOD activity.PaO2/FiO2 was calculated.Results In subgroup S1.0 the serum 8-iso-PGF2α and MDA concentrations were significantly increased while serum SOD activity was significanfly decreased at T1-3 as compared with the baseline.Serum 8-iso-PGF2α and MDA concentrations were significantly higher while serum SOD activity and PaO2/FiO2 were significantly lower at T1-3 in subgroup S1.0 than in stress response induced by≤6h pure O2 inhalation but inhalation of 1.5%-3.0% sevoflurane can not.
7.Identification of three saponins from leaves of Aralias elate
Lei ZHANG ; Zhicai WANG ; Mingquan GUO ; Yanping CHEN ; Xingyuan MA ;
Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs 1994;0(09):-
Object To determine the structures of three saponins isolated from leaves of Aralia elata (Miq ) Seem Methods HPLC and electrospray ionization and tandem mass spectrometry were used for purification and structure identification Results Three saponins were identified as congmunoside Ⅴ, congmunoside Ⅶ, and congmunoside Ⅹ Conclusion These saponins are obtained from the leaves of A elate for the first time
8.Effects of reinfusion of external drained bile and pancreatic juice on the outcome of pancreaticoduodenectomy
Changxi ZHANG ; Xutao LIN ; Qinghai GUAN ; Fan ZHANG ; Xingyuan ZHANG ; Qian HUANG ; Kun OU ; Qiangpu CHEN
Chinese Journal of Digestive Surgery 2011;10(5):351-355
Objective To investigate the effect of reinfusion of drained bile and pancreatic juice on the outcome of pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD).Methods The clinical data of 51 patients who received PD at the Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College from June 2005 to March 2009 were retrospectively analyzed.Nineteen patients received external drainage of bile and pancreatic juice ( ED group) and the other 32 patients received external drainage and intraintestinal administration of autologous bile and pancreatic juice (ID group).The daily volume of output of bile and pancreatic juice,intraoperative condition,tolerance of enteral nutrition,liver function and nutritional parameters of the 2 groups were detected.All data were analyzed by using chi-square test,Fisher exact test,independent t test,Mann-Whitney U test and one-way analysis of variance.Results The pulmonary infection rate of ID group was 3% (1/32) after operation,which was significantly lower than 26% (5/19) of the ED group (P < 0.05).The output of pancreatic juice in the ID group was significantly lower than that in the ED group since postoperative day 4 ( t =7.143,9.244,8.808,7.915,6.461,14.097,15.038,P < 0.05 ).There was no significant difference in the daily output of bile between the 2 groups.The incidence of diarrhea in the ID group was 9% (3/32) after nutritional support,which was significantly lower than 37% (7/19) of ED group (P<0.05).The duration of achieving targeted enteral feeding in the ID was 3 days,which was significantly shorter than 4 days of the ED group ( U =145.000,P < 0.05 ).The levels of total bilirubin ( TBil),direct bilirubin (DBil) and indirect bilirubin (IBil) were (261 ± 108 ),( 132 + 55 ) and ( 129 + 55 ) μmol/L in the ID group,and (239 ±92),( 12A ±46) and ( 116 ±46) μmol/L in the ED group before operation.The levels of TBil,DBil and IBil were (39 ± 19),(20 ± 10) and ( 19 +9) μmol/L in the ID group,and (55 ±22),(29 ± 12) and (26 ±11 ) μmol/L in the ED group at 12 days after nutritional support.There were significant differences in the decrease of TBil,DBil and IBil between the 2 groups ( t =7.324,8.437,5.827,P < 0.05 ).The levels of serum prealbumin,retinol binding protein and transferrin were (0.261 ± 0.021 ) g/L,(34.3 ± 2.8 ) mg/L,(3.08 + 0.26 ) g/L in the ID group,and (0.263 ±0.021)g/L,(33.8 +3.5)mg/L and (3.10 +0.27)g/L in the ED group before operation.The levels of serum prealbumin,retinol binding protein and transferrin decreased significantly after operation,and then got increased 3 days after nutritional support.The levels of serum albumin,retinol binding protein and transferrin were (0.238 ±0.025)g/L,(30.7 ±2.0)mg/L,(2.78 ±0.19)g/L in the ID group,and (0.222 +0.025)g/L,(29.3 ±2.1)mg/L and (2.63 +0.21)g/L in the ED group at 12 days after nutritional support.The levels of serum albumin,retinol binding protein and transferrin in the ID group were significantly higher than those in the ED group (t=4.615,6.097,4.913,P<0.05).Conclusion Reinfusion of external drained bile and pancreatic juice after PD could enhance the tolerance of patients in early enteral nutrition,reduce incidence of pneumonia,promote decrease of serum bilirubin and improve the nutritional status.
9.Clinical significance of lymph node micrometastases in stage Ⅱ rectal cancer patients
Xingyuan XIAO ; Xiongfei YANG ; Yongqiang WANG ; Weisheng ZHANG ; Aili ZHANG ; Peng GAO
Chinese Journal of Postgraduates of Medicine 2008;31(11):10-13
Objective To explore the clinical significance of lymph node micrometastases in stage Ⅱ rectal cancer patients. Methods Forty-two patients with rectal cancer underwent total mesorectal exci-sion between January 2000 and August 2001 were included, 484 lymph nodes were studied in paraffin blocks that had previously been considered free by conventional histopathological examination. These lymph nodes were submitted to immunohistochemical analysis using cytokeratin 20 (CK20) monoclonal antibodies to identify micrometastases. Five-year follow-up information was obtained on these patients. Observed survival rates and assessed respectively in the patients with and without micrometastases. Results Micrometastases were detected in 33 lymph nodes (6.8% ,33/484) of 15 cases (35.7%, 15/42). The five-year survival rate was 40.0% in the patients with micrometastases, whereas in the patients without micrometastases, the survival rate was 92.6%(P = 0.000,by the Log-rank test). By multivariate Cox regression analysis, lymph node mi-cromctastases was closely correlated with post-operative recurrence or metastases, the value of RR was 11.435. Conclusions Detection of micrometastases is an important prognostic tool in stage Ⅱ rectal can-cer. In this study, lymph nodes micrometastases is an independent prognostic factor for overall survival. These patients maybe get benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy.
10.Diameter measurements of cerebral arteries on three-dimensional time-of-flight MR angiograms
Yuzhong ZHANG ; Xuelin ZHANG ; Renmin CHANG ; Peng CANG ; Xingyuan LIU ; Qiong XIA
Chinese Journal of Radiology 2001;0(05):-
14 years) in female. ICA-C4: (4.3?0.6) mm in male, (3.9?0.6) mm in female. A1 segment of anterior cerebral artery (ACA-A1): (2.1?0.4) mm in male, (2.1?0.4) mm in female. Anterior communicating artery (ACoA): (1.4?0.4) mm in male, (1.3?0.4) mm in female. M1 segment of middle cerebral artery (MCA-M1): (2.7?0.4) mm in male, (2.6?0.4) mm in female. Basilar artery (BA): (2.9?0.5) mm in male, (2.8?0.4) mm in female. P1 segment of posterior cerebral artery (PCA-P1): (2.1?0.5) mm on the left and (2.0?0.5) mm on the right in male, (2.0?0.3) mm on the left and (1.9?0.3) mm on the right in female. PCA-P2: (1.8?0.4) mm in male, (1.7?0.3) mm in female. Posterior communicating artery (PCoA): (1.1?0.3) mm in male, (1.2?0.4) mm in female. Among various diameters, only PCA-P1 had significant difference between the left and the right (P=0.003); only MCA-M1 (P=0.048), PCA-P1 (P=0.012), ICA-C2 (P=0.000) and C4 segments (P=0.000) had significant differences in gender, respectively; and only ICA-C2 had significant difference in age (P=0.001). Of these significantly different diameters, the diameters in male were larger than those in female. There were significant correlation between PCA-P1 and PCA-P2 (r=0.652,P=0.000), and between ICA-C2 and ICA-C4 in female group (r=0.550,P=0.000), respectively. Conclusions The normal values of diameter of cerebral arteries on MR angiograms may play a reference role in diagnosing cerebral vascular diseases.